182 research outputs found
Application of Large-Scale Synthetic Power System Models for Energy Economic Studies
Due to information confidentiality issues, there is limited access to actual power system models that represent features of actual power grids for teaching, training, and research purposes. The authors\u27 previous work describes the process of creating synthetic transmission networks, with statistics similar to those of actual power grids. Thus, this paper outlines a systematic methodology to augment the synthetic network base case for energy economic studies. The key step is to determine generator cost models by fuel type and capacity. Based on statistics summarized from the actual grids, two approaches are proposed to assign coefficients to generator cost models. To illustrate the proposed creation procedure, we describe the construction of a synthetic model for Electric Reliability Council of Texas footprint. Simulation results are presented to verify that the created test system is able to represent the behavior of actual power systems
Rethinking globalised resistance : feminist activism and critical theorising in international relations
This article argues that a feminist approach to the 'politics of resistance' offers a number of important empirical insights which, in turn, open up lines of theoretical inquiry which critical theorists in IR would do well to explore. Concretely, we draw on our ongoing research into feminist 'anti-globalisation' activism to rethink the nature of the subject of the politics of resistance, the conditions under which resistance emerges and how resistance is enacted and expressed. We begin by discussing the relationship of feminism to critical IR theory as a way of situating and explaining the focus and approach of our research project. We then summarise our key empirical arguments regarding the emergence, structure, beliefs, identities and practices of feminist 'anti-globalisation' activism before exploring the implications of these for a renewed critical theoretical agenda in IR
Meaningful engagement: computer-based interactive media art in public space.
Interactive technologies, including electronic devices are increasingly being utilized as a medium for artistic expression and have been placed in freely accessible public environments with mixed results. When audiences encounter computer-based interactive media arts in a public space they are drawn by various interactivities, to play and experiment with them. However, whether the audience is able to gain a meaningful experience through those physical interactivities has remained an issue of both theoretical and practical debate. This paper will focus on these aspects, most specifically through the study of interactive art in freely accessible public space. The author proposes four new conceptual/analytical tools for examining the subject. It is anticipated that this paper will provide possible alternative strategies for both artists and art researchers in this field with a purpose to enhance intellectual engagement with their audiences, so as to succeed in leading interactors to obtain meaningful experience and rewards
Fuzzy Free Path Detection based on Dense Disparity Maps obtained from Stereo Cameras
In this paper we propose a fuzzy method to detect free paths in real-time using digital stereo images. It is based on looking for linear variations of depth in disparity maps, which are obtained by processing a pair of rectified images from two stereo cameras. By applying least-squares fitting over groups of disparity maps columns to a linear model, free paths are detected by giving a certainty using a fuzzy rule. Experimental results on real outdoor images are also presented.Nuria Ortigosa acknowledges the support of Universidad Polit'ecnica de Valencia under grant FPI-UPV 2008. Samuel Morillas acknowledges the support of Spanish Ministry of Education and Science under grant MTM 2009-12872-C02-01.Ortigosa Araque, N.; Morillas Gómez, S.; Peris Fajarnes, G.; Dunai Dunai, L. (2012). Fuzzy Free Path Detection based on Dense Disparity Maps obtained from Stereo Cameras. International Journal of Uncertainty, Fuzziness and Knowledge-Based Systems. 20(2):245-259. doi:10.1142/S0218488512500122S245259202Grosso, E., & Tistarelli, M. (1995). Active/dynamic stereo vision. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 17(9), 868-879. doi:10.1109/34.406652Wedel, A., Badino, H., Rabe, C., Loose, H., Franke, U., & Cremers, D. (2009). B-Spline Modeling of Road Surfaces With an Application to Free-Space Estimation. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 10(4), 572-583. doi:10.1109/tits.2009.2027223Bloch, I. (2005). Fuzzy spatial relationships for image processing and interpretation: a review. Image and Vision Computing, 23(2), 89-110. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2004.06.013Keller, J. M., & Wang, X. (2000). A Fuzzy Rule-Based Approach to Scene Description Involving Spatial Relationships. Computer Vision and Image Understanding, 80(1), 21-41. doi:10.1006/cviu.2000.0872Moreno-Garcia, J., Rodriguez-Benitez, L., Fernández-Caballero, A., & López, M. T. (2010). Video sequence motion tracking by fuzzification techniques. Applied Soft Computing, 10(1), 318-331. doi:10.1016/j.asoc.2009.08.002Morillas, S., Gregori, V., & Hervas, A. (2009). Fuzzy Peer Groups for Reducing Mixed Gaussian-Impulse Noise From Color Images. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing, 18(7), 1452-1466. doi:10.1109/tip.2009.2019305Poloni, M., Ulivi, G., & Vendittelli, M. (1995). Fuzzy logic and autonomous vehicles: Experiments in ultrasonic vision. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 69(1), 15-27. doi:10.1016/0165-0114(94)00237-2Alonso, J. M., Magdalena, L., Guillaume, S., Sotelo, M. A., Bergasa, L. M., Ocaña, M., & Flores, R. (2007). Knowledge-based Intelligent Diagnosis of Ground Robot Collision with Non Detectable Obstacles. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems, 48(4), 539-566. doi:10.1007/s10846-006-9125-6McFetridge, L., & Ibrahim, M. Y. (2009). A new methodology of mobile robot navigation: The agoraphilic algorithm. Robotics and Computer-Integrated Manufacturing, 25(3), 545-551. doi:10.1016/j.rcim.2008.01.008Sun, H., & Yang, J. (2001). Obstacle detection for mobile vehicle using neural network and fuzzy logic. Neural Network and Distributed Processing. doi:10.1117/12.441696Ortigosa, N., Morillas, S., & Peris-Fajarnés, G. (2010). Obstacle-Free Pathway Detection by Means of Depth Maps. Journal of Intelligent & Robotic Systems, 63(1), 115-129. doi:10.1007/s10846-010-9498-4Picton, P. D., & Capp, M. D. (2008). Relaying scene information to the blind via sound using cartoon depth maps. Image and Vision Computing, 26(4), 570-577. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2007.07.005Zhang, Z. (2000). A flexible new technique for camera calibration. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 22(11), 1330-1334. doi:10.1109/34.888718Scharstein, D., & Szeliski, R. (2002). International Journal of Computer Vision, 47(1/3), 7-42. doi:10.1023/a:1014573219977Felzenszwalb, P. F., & Huttenlocher, D. P. (2006). Efficient Belief Propagation for Early Vision. International Journal of Computer Vision, 70(1), 41-54. doi:10.1007/s11263-006-7899-4Qingxiong Yang, Liang Wang, Ruigang Yang, Stewenius, H., & Nister, D. (2009). Stereo Matching with Color-Weighted Correlation, Hierarchical Belief Propagation, and Occlusion Handling. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence, 31(3), 492-504. doi:10.1109/tpami.2008.99Zitnick, C. L., & Kang, S. B. (2007). Stereo for Image-Based Rendering using Image Over-Segmentation. International Journal of Computer Vision, 75(1), 49-65. doi:10.1007/s11263-006-0018-8Hartley, R., & Zisserman, A. (2004). Multiple View Geometry in Computer Vision. doi:10.1017/cbo9780511811685Lee, C. C. (1990). Fuzzy logic in control systems: fuzzy logic controller. I. IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, 20(2), 404-418. doi:10.1109/21.52551C. Fodor, J. (1993). A new look at fuzzy connectives. Fuzzy Sets and Systems, 57(2), 141-148. doi:10.1016/0165-0114(93)90153-9Nalpantidis, L., & Gasteratos, A. (2010). Stereo vision for robotic applications in the presence of non-ideal lighting conditions. Image and Vision Computing, 28(6), 940-951. doi:10.1016/j.imavis.2009.11.011BOHANNON, R. W. (1997). Comfortable and maximum walking speed of adults aged 20—79 years: reference values and determinants. Age and Ageing, 26(1), 15-19. doi:10.1093/ageing/26.1.1
Resonance properties of a closed rotating rectangular basin subject to space- and time-dependent wind forcing
Fuzzy Free Path Detection from Disparity Maps by Using Least-Squares Fitting to a Plane
A method to detect obstacle-free paths in real-time which works as part of a cognitive navigation aid system for visually impaired people is proposed. It is based on the analysis of disparity maps obtained from a stereo vision system which is carried by the blind user. The presented detection method consists of a fuzzy logic system that assigns a certainty to be part of a free path to each group of pixels, depending on the parameters of a planar-model fitting. We also present experimental results on different real outdoor scenarios showing that our method is the most reliable in the sense that it minimizes the false positives rate.N. Ortigosa acknowledges the support of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia under grant FPI-UPV 2008 and Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation under grant MTM2010-15200. S. Morillas acknowledges the support of Universidad Politecnica de Valencia under grant PAID-05-12-SP20120696.Ortigosa Araque, N.; Morillas Gómez, S. (2014). Fuzzy Free Path Detection from Disparity Maps by Using Least-Squares Fitting to a Plane. Journal of Intelligent and Robotic Systems. 75(2):313-330. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10846-013-9997-1S313330752Cai, L., He, L., Xu, Y., Zhao, Y., Yang, X.: Multi-object detection and tracking by stereovision. Pattern Recognit. 43(12), 4028–4041 (2010)Hikosaka, N., Watanabe, K., Umeda, K.: Obstacle detection of a humanoid on a plane using a relative disparity map obtained by a small range image sensor. In: Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, vol. 1, pp. 3048–3053 (2007)Benenson, R., Mathias, M., Timofte, R., Van Gool, L.: Fast stixel computation for fast pedestrian detection. In: ECCV, CVVT workshop, October (2012)Huang, Y., Fu, S., Thompson, C.: Stereovision-based object segmentation for automotive applications. EURASIP J. Appl. Signal Process. 2005(14), 2322–2329 (2005)Duan, B.B., Liu, W., Fu, P.Y., Yang, C.Y., Wen, X.Z., Yuan, H.: Real-time on-road vehicle and motorcycle detection using a single camera. In: IEEE International Conference on Industrial Technology, pp. 579–584. IEEE (2009)Oliveira L, Nunes, U.: On integration of features and classifiers for robust vehicle detection. In: IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Transportation Systems, pp. 414–419. IEEE (2008)Sun, Z., Bebis, G., Miller, R.: On-road vehicle detection: A review. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 28(5), 694–711 (2006)Sun, H.J., Yang, J.Y.: Obstacle detection for mobile vehicle using neural network and fuzzy logic. Neural Netw. Distrib. Process. 4555(1), 99–104 (2001)Hui, N.B., Pratihar, D.K.: Soft computing-based navigation schemes for a real wheeled robot moving among static obstacles. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 51(3), 333–368 (2008)Menon, A., Akmeliawati, R., Demidenko, S.: Towards a simple mobile robot with obstacle avoidance and target seeking capabilities using fuzzy logic. In: Proceedings IEEE Instrumentation and Measurement Technology Conference, vol. 1–5, pp. 1003–1008 (2008)Moreno-Garcia, J., Rodriguez-Benitez, L., Fernandez-Caballero, A., Lopez, M.T.: Video sequence motion tracking by fuzzification techniques. Appl. Soft Comput. 10(1), 318–331 (2010)Nguyen, T.H., Nguyen, J.S., Pham, D.M., Nguyen, H.T.: Real-time obstacle detection for an autonomous wheelchair using stereoscopic cameras. Conf. Proc. IEEE Eng. Med. Biol. Soc. 2007(1), 4775–4778 (2007)Nguyen, J.S., Nguyen, T.H., Nguyen, H.T.: Semi-autonomous wheelchair system using stereoscopic cameras. In: Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society, vol. 1–20, pp. 5068–5071 (2009)Grosso, E., Tistarelli, M.: Active/dynamic stereo vision. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 17(9), 868–879 (1995)Kubota, S., Nakano, T., Okamoto, Y.: A global optimization for real-time on-board stereo obstacle detection systems. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, pp. 7–12. IEEE (2007)Ortigosa, N., Morillas, S., Peris-Fajarnés, G., Dunai, L.: Fuzzy free path detection based on dense disparity maps obtained from stereo cameras. Int. J. Uncertain. Fuzziness Knowl.-Based Syst. 20(2), 245–259 (2012)Murray, D., Little, J.J.: Using real-time stereo vision for mobile robot navigation. Auton. Robot. 8(2), 161–171 (2000)Badino, H., Mester, R., Vaudrey, T., Franke, U.: Stereo-based free space computation in complex traffic scenarios. In: IEEE Southwest Symposium on Image Analysis & Interpretation, pp. 189–192 (2008)Hoilund, C., Moeslund, T.B., Madsen, C.L., Trivedi, M.M.: Free space computation from stochastic occupancy grids based on iconic kalman filtered disparity maps. In: Proceedings International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, vol. 1, pp. 164–167 (2010)Franke, U., Joos, A.: Real-time stereo vision for urban traffic scene understanding. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, pp. 273–278. IEEE (2000)Wedel, A., Badino, H., Rabe, C., Loose, H., Franke, U., Cremers, D.: B-spline modeling of road surfaces with an application to free-space estimation. IEEE Trans. Intell. Transp. Syst. 10(4), 572–583 (2009)Vergauwen, M., Pollefeys, M., Van Gool, L.: A stereo-vision system for support of planetary surface exploration. Mach. Vis. Appl. 14(1), 5–14 (2003)Tarel, J.P., Leng, S.S., Charbonnier, P.: Accurate and robust image alignment for road profile reconstruction. In: IEEE International Conference on Image Processing, pp. 365–368. IEEE (2007)Kostavelis, I., Gasteratos, A.: Stereovision-based algorithm for obstacle avoidance. In: Lecture Notes in Computer Science, pp. 195–204. Intelligent Robotics and Applications (2009)Cerri, P., Grisleri, P.: Free space detection on highways using time correlation between stabilized sub-pixel precision ipm images. In: IEEE International Conference on Robotics and Automation, pp. 2223–2228. IEEE (2005)Labayrade, R., Aubert, D., Tarel, J.P.: Real time obstacle detection in stereo vision on non-flat road geometry through v-disparity representation. In: IEEE Intelligent Vehicle Symposium, pp. 646–651. INRIA (2002)Ortigosa, N., Morillas, S., Peris-Fajarnés, G., Dunai, L.: Disparity maps for free path detection. In: Proceedings International Conference on Computer Vision Theory and Applications, vol. 1, pp. 310–315 (2010)Ortigosa, N., Morillas, S., Peris-Fajarnés, G.: Obstacle-free pathway detection by means of depth maps. J. Intell. Robot. Syst. 63(1), 115–129 (2011)http://www.casblip.comBach y Rita, P., Collins, C., Sauders, B., White, B., Scadden, L.: Vision substitution by tactile image projection. Nature 221, 963964 (1969)Sampaio, E., Maris, S., Bach y Rita, P.: Brain plasticity: visual acuity of blind persons via the tongue. Brain Res. 908, 204207 (2001)http://www.seeingwithsound.comCapelle, C., Trullemans, C., Arno, P., Veraart, C.: A real-time experimental prototype for enhancement of vision rehabilitation using auditory substitution. IEEE Trans. Biomed. Eng. 45, 12791293 (1998)Lee, S.W., Kang, S.K., Lee, S.A.: A walking guidance system for the visually impaired. Int. J. Pattern Recognit. 22, 11711186 (2008)Chen, C.L., Liao, Y.F., Tai, C.L.: Image-to-midi mapping based on dynamic fuzzy color segmentation for visually impaired people. Pattern Recognit. Lett. 32, 549–560 (2011)Lombardi, P., Zanin, M., Messelodi, S.: Unified stereovision for ground, road, and obstacle detection. In: Proceedings on the Intelligent Vehicles Symposium, 2005, pp. 783–788. IEEE (2005)Yu, Q., Araujo, H., Wang, H.: Stereo-vision based real time obstacle detection for urban environments. In: Proceedings on the International Conference of Advanced Robotics, vol. 1, pp. 1671–1676 (2003)Benenson, R., Timofte, R., Van Gool, L.: Stixels estimation without depth map computation. In: ICCV, CVVT workshop (2011)Li, X., Yao, X., Murphey, Y.L., Karlsen, R., Gerhart, G.: A real-time vehicle detection and tracking system in outdoor traffic scenes. In: Pattern Recognition, 2004. ICPR 2004. Proceedings of the 17th International Conference on, vol. 2, pp. 761–764 (2004)Zhang, Z.Y.: A flexible new technique for camera calibration. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 22(11), 1330–1334 (2000)Dhond, U.R., Aggarwal, J.K.: Structure from stereo: a review. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 19, 1489–1510 (1989)Scharstein, D., Szeliski, R.: A taxonomy and evaluation of dense two-frame stereo correspondence algorithms. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 47(1/2/3), 7–42 (2002)Middlebury Stereo Vision Page. http://vision.middlebury.edu/stereo/Birchfield, S., Tomasi, C.: Depth discontinuities by pixel-to-pixel stereo. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 17(3), 269–293 (1999)Lawrence Zitnick, C., Bing Kang, S.: Stereo for image-based rendering using image over-segmentation. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 75(1), 49–65 (2007)Felzenszwalb, P.F., Huttenlocher, D.P.: Efficient belief propagation for early vision. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 70(1), 41–54 (2006)Yang, Q., Wang, L., Yang, R., Stewnius, H., Nistr, D.: Stereo matching with color-weighted correlation, hierarchical belief propagation, and occlusion handling. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 31(3), 492–504 (2009)Gehrig, S., Eberli, F., Meyer, T.: A real-time low-power stereo vision engine using semi-global matching. Lect. Notes Comput. Sci. 5815/2009, 134–143 (2009)Wedel, A., Brox, T., Vaudrey, T., Rabe, C., Franke, U., Cremers, D.: Stereoscopic scene flow computation for 3d motion understanding. Int. J. Comput. Vis. 95, 29–51 (2011)Hirschmuller, H.: Stereo processing by semiglobal matching and mutual information. IEEE Trans. Pattern Anal. Mach. Intell. 30(2), 328–341 (2008)Leung, C., Appleton, B., Sun, C.: Iterated dynamic programming and quadtree subregioning for fast stereo matching. Image Vis. Comput. 26(10), 1371–1383 (2008)Hartley, R.I., Zisserman, A.: Multiple view geometry in computer vision, 2nd edn. Cambridge University Press, ISBN: 0521540518 (2004)Spiegel, M.R., Stepthens, L.J.: Statistics, 4th edn. Mc Graw Hill (2008)Kerre, E.E.: Fuzzy sets and approximate reasoning. Xian Jiaotong University Press (1998)Dubois, D., Prade, H.: Fuzzy sets and systems: theory and applications. Academic Press, New York (1980)Lee, C.C.: Fuzzy logic in control systems: Fuzzy logic controller-parts 1 and 2. IEEE Trans. Syst. Man Cybern. 20(2), 404–435 (1990)Fodor, J.C.: A new look at fuzzy-connectives. Fuzzy Sets Syst. 57(2), 141–148 (1993)Nalpantidis, L., Gasteratos, A.: Stereo vision for robotic applications in the presence of non-ideal lightning conditions. Image Vis. Comput. 28(6), 940–951 (2010
Revolutions from above: worker training as trasformismo in South Korea
While making very substantial changes to the population's working conditions, government strategies to foster economic development in South Korea have historically attempted to keep worker involvement, in terms of influence on the process, to a bare minimum. Applying the Gramscian concept of passive revolution, this article analyses governance mechanisms and production relations over a history of authoritarianism and up to the contemporary period of democratic reform. Trasformismo, which is a strategy of limited concessions, has been provided via vocational training for workers. Despite this attempt at inclusion, it is concluded that workers have not enjoyed full participation in negotiation for their welfare at any time in Korean history
Universal Alcohol/Drug Screening in Prenatal Care: A Strategy for Reducing Racial Disparities? Questioning the Assumptions
Agencies and organizations promoting universal screening for alcohol and drug use in prenatal care argue that universal screening will reduce White versus Black racial disparities in reporting to Child Protective Services (CPS) at delivery. Yet, no published research has assessed the impact of universal screening on reporting disparities or explored plausible mechanisms. This review defines two potential mechanisms: Equitable Surveillance and Effective Treatment and identifies assumptions underlying each mechanism. It reviews published literature relating to each assumption. Research relating to assumptions underlying each mechanism is primarily inconclusive or contradictory. Thus, available research does not support the claim that universal screening for alcohol and drug use in prenatal care reduces racial disparities in CPS reporting at delivery. Reducing these reporting disparities requires more than universal screening
A simple rule to determine which insolation cycles lead to interglacials
The pacing of glacial–interglacial cycles during the Quaternary period (the past 2.6 million years) is attributed to astronomically driven changes in high-latitude insolation. However, it has not been clear how astronomical forcing translates into the observed sequence of interglacials. Here we show that before one million years ago interglacials occurred when the energy related to summer insolation exceeded a simple threshold, about every 41,000 years. Over the past one million years, fewer of these insolation peaks resulted in deglaciation (that is, more insolation peaks were ‘skipped’), implying that the energy threshold for deglaciation had risen, which led to longer glacials. However, as a glacial lengthens, the energy needed for deglaciation decreases. A statistical model that combines these observations correctly predicts every complete deglaciation of the past million years and shows that the sequence of interglacials that has occurred is one of a small set of possibilities. The model accounts for the dominance of obliquity-paced glacial–interglacial cycles early in the Quaternary and for the change in their frequency about one million years ago. We propose that the appearance of larger ice sheets over the past million years was a consequence of an increase in the deglaciation threshold and in the number of skipped insolation peaks.P.C.T. acknowledges funding from a Leverhulme Trust Research Project Grant (RPG-2014-417). M.C. and T.M. acknowledge support from the Belgian Policy Office under contract BR/121/A2/STOCHCLIM. E.W.W. is funded under a Royal Society Research Professorship and M.C. is a senior research scientist with the Belgian National Fund of Scientific Research
- …