Acute Effects of Low-and High-Speed Resistance Exercise on Cognitive Function in Frail Older Nursing-Home Residents: A Randomized Crossover Study

Aim. The present study investigated the acute effects of low-and high-speed resistance exercise on the cognitive function of frail older women living in nursing home. Materials and Methods. Ten institutionalized frail older women were recruited. Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test and Stroop test were performed before, immediately after, 1 h after, and 24 h after the end of the experimental session. Participants randomly performed low-and high-speed resistance exercise and a control session. Exercise sessions were composed of 4 resistance exercises with 4-8 sets of 4-10 repetitions at moderate intensity. Results. Results indicated that the performance of Rey Auditory Verbal Learning Test was similarly increased immediately after both low-and high-speed resistance exercises. However, only improvements elicited by low-speed resistance exercise remained significant 1 h after the end of the exercise session. No acute effects of resistance exercise were observed on Stroop performance. Conclusion. Our findings indicated that both low-and high-speed resistance exercises acutely increased episodic memory in frail older women, whereas no changes on Stroop were observed

Medium range interaction between neutral metal atoms and a metallic surface (Ta/W)

The anomalous presence of adatoms in the hidden part of a field ion microscope tip after a sideward deposition is interpreted by the existence of a medium range (10-30 A) van der Waals interaction between the tip and the incoming atoms. For the first time, the interaction constant has been measured between transition metals (Ta/W). The obtained value is 18 eV Å3.La présence anormale d'adatomes dans la partie cachée d'une pointe d'émission ionique de champ après un dépôt est interprétée par des interactions de van der Waals à moyenne distance (10-30 Å) entre la pointe et les atomes projetés. Pour la première fois, la constante d'interaction a été mesurée pour des métaux de transition (Ta/W). La valeur obtenue est 18 eV Å3

Chauffage à faible temps de montée d'une pointe d'émission de champ

We describe a device used for heating and measuring with DC current the temperature of a field emission tip being at several kV. The obtained rise time is 0.2 s, the stability and the precision of the measure are better than 0.1 K.Nous décrivons un dispositif destiné au chauffage et à la mesure en courant continu de la température d'une pointe d'émission de champ portée à une tension de quelques kV. Le temps de montée obtenu est de 0,2 s, la stabilité et la précision de la mesure sont meilleures que 0,1 K

Chauffage à faible temps de montée d'une pointe d'émission de champ

Nous décrivons un dispositif destiné au chauffage et à la mesure en courant continu de la température d'une pointe d'émission de champ portée à une tension de quelques kV. Le temps de montée obtenu est de 0,2 s, la stabilité et la précision de la mesure sont meilleures que 0,1 K

THE POLARISABILITY OF IRIDIUM NEUTRAL ATOMS AND THEIR VAN DER WAALS INTERACTION WITH A TUNGSTEN SURFACE MEASURED BY F.I.M

Nous décrivons la mesure, en microscopie ionique de champ, de la polarisabilité α d'adatomes neutres d'iridium et de leur constante d'interaction de Van der Waals C avec une surface de Tungstène. Les valeurs trouvées sont : α = 8 ± Å3 et C = 10 ± 3 eV Å3 .We describe the measurement, by Field Ion Microscopy, of the polarisability α of neutral Iridium atoms and of their Van der Waals interaction constant C with a Tungsten surface. The values obtained are α = 8 ± Å3 and C = 10 ± 3 eV Å3

Age differences in using precued information to preprogram interception of a ball.

The present experiment examined the development of programming interception of a ball's movement across three groups of children ages 6, 8, and 10 years, who were compared with adults. In an interception task we manipulated the subjects' preparation by using Rosenbaum's 1980 precuing procedure. Two levels of precued information were used concerning the effector specified (right or left arm) and the direction of the arm projection (outside or inside). We focused particularly on RT and response errors. Analysis indicated RT decreased across the age groups and errors decreased mainly in the nonprecued condition. A critical period in improvement might be at age 8 as children use precue information to program their movements as efficiently as adults. The duration of effector programming was similar for children and adults but was more precise for the older subjects. For children as well as for adults, the specification of direction occurs after movement initiation and not before

Age-related differences in the preparatory processes of motor programming.

This article investigates the mechanisms underlying the age-related differences in information processing in the production of motor responses, especially the development of feedforward mechanisms. No age-related differences have emerged from developmental studies aiming at analyzing motor programming. Nevertheless, age effects have seldom been studied in function of motor preparation. The aim of the present experiment was (1) to study age differences in motor preparation, and (2) to validate the early maturation of movement parameters specification. Two conditions were used (1) no advanced information on the movement to be made was given to the subject (neutral prime), and (2) advanced information on which direction should be followed was provided to the subject, allowing him to prepare a response based on a prime (primed condition). Four age groups were studied 6, 8, 10 and 22 years. Our results showed mainly an early maturation of the programming processes. More specifically, (1) beyond 6 years of age, children are capable of using the information provided by the prime to prepare their movement in advance, (2) costs and benefits of pre-programming do not vary significantly with age, (3) deprogramming-reprogramming of effector and direction is quite similar across the four age groups

Effects of a polydisperse cloud on tropospheric chemistry

International audienceEffects of a polydisperse cloud on tropospheric chemistry have been studied in the framework of a two-dimensional model where dynamical, microphysical, and chemical processes are fully interactive. The chemical module describes the tropospheric photochemistry of ozone precursors in both gaseous and aqueous phases for a remote atmosphere. Impacts of the cloud polydisperse feature have been obtained by comparing the results in the case of a monodisperse cloud created under the same meteorological conditions. The [NO]/[NO•] ratio decreases more sharply in the case of the polydisperse cloud. The partitioning of ihe most soluble species does not follow the Henry's law equilibrium except in the middle of the cloud. This result has implications for airborne measurements made within clouds. Deviations from Henry's law found in samples are usually explained only by the effect of variations of the liquid water content with time, assuming that no real deviations exist in the real cloud. Here, it is shown that deviations from Henry's law equilibrium may exist even for clouds consisting of small droplets

Age differences in using precued information to preprogram interception of a ball.

The present experiment examined the development of programming interception of a ball's movement across three groups of children ages 6, 8, and 10 years, who were compared with adults. In an interception task we manipulated the subjects' preparation by using Rosenbaum's 1980 precuing procedure. Two levels of precued information were used concerning the effector specified (right or left arm) and the direction of the arm projection (outside or inside). We focused particularly on RT and response errors. Analysis indicated RT decreased across the age groups and errors decreased mainly in the nonprecued condition. A critical period in improvement might be at age 8 as children use precue information to program their movements as efficiently as adults. The duration of effector programming was similar for children and adults but was more precise for the older subjects. For children as well as for adults, the specification of direction occurs after movement initiation and not before