Modelado geoquímico y calidad de aguas en cuencas hídricas con impacto antrópico, sierras chicas, Córdoba, Argentina

Fil: Kinen, Melina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Formica, Stella M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Formica, Stella M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina.Fil: Sacchi, Gabriela, A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Campodonico, Verena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina.Fil: Cioccale, Marcela A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Pasquini, Andrea I. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Pasquini, Andrea I. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina.Las cuencas de los ríos Ceballos y Salsipuedes son típicos sistemas hídricos de montaña desarrollados en las Sierras Chicas de Córdoba. Constituyen la principal fuente de abastecimiento de agua para consumo y recreación para las localidades y municipios de la zona. En esta región el desarrollo urbano se ha incrementado notablemente durante los últimos años, impactando directamente en la calidad del recurso hídrico. En este trabajo se utilizaron técnicas de muestreo, métodos analíticos estándares y modelados geoquímicos para analizar la calidad de las aguas e identificar los factores naturales y antrópicos que determinan su naturaleza y dinámica. El agua del río Ceballos es bicarbonatada-cálcica con una tendencia a sulfatada-mixta en las zonas urbanas, mientras que el río Salsipuedes mantiene su carácter bicarbonatado-cálcico en toda la cuenca. Esta composición tiene como fuente natural la hidrólisis de los silicatos y la disolución de carbonatos. Elevadas concentraciones de sulfato, cloruro, sodio, nitrato, fósforo y bacterias coliformes fueron determinadas en las zonas más urbanizadas de la región, evidenciando la clara influencia antrópica sobre el medio natural. El empleo del programa de modelado de calidad de aguas QUAL2Kw permitió analizar la variación espacial de los parámetros físico-químicos y modelar las probables fuentes de aportes, que corresponden principalmente a fuentes difusas provenientes de efluentes urbanosFil: Kinen, Melina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Formica, Stella M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Formica, Stella M. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina.Fil: Sacchi, Gabriela, A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Campodonico, Verena. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina.Fil: Cioccale, Marcela A. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Pasquini, Andrea I. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Físicas y Naturales; Argentina.Fil: Pasquini, Andrea I. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencias de la Tierra; Argentina.Geoquímica y Geofísic

Libraries and Reading in Finnish Military Hospitals during the Second World War

The ground for library work in Finnish military hospitals during World War II was prepared before the war by three different traditions of library activity. First, professional librarians and state library authorities tried to initiate hospital library work in Finnish hospitals as an extension of municipal library services. Impulses from abroad, mainly from Great Britain through the International Federation of Library Associations (IFLA), were important in this initiative. Second, nurses, especially in the Red Cross Hospital in Helsinki, started to give library services as a voluntary operation in late 1930s. The first full-time hospital librarian, a volunteer, was originally a nurse. Third, the Soldiers??? Homes Associations run by women volunteers organized libraries for conscript soldiers during peace time. This article describes how these traditions worked together during the Second World War. Professional librarians??? attitudes toward voluntary library work in military hospitals and the interaction between librarians and patients as readers are described. Library work in civilian hospitals grew out of wartime activities.published or submitted for publicatio

Speckle reduction method for image-based coherent stereogram generation

We propose a speckle noise reduction method for generation of coherent holographic stereograms. The method employs densely sampled light field (DSLF) of the scene together with depth information acquired for each ray in the captured DSLF. Speckle reduction is achieved based on the ray separation technique where the scene is first described as a superposition of sparse sets of point sources corresponding to separated sets of rays and then the holographic reconstructions corresponding to these sparse sets of point sources are added incoherently (intensity-wise) to obtain the final reconstruction. The proposed method handles the light propagation between the sparse scene points and hologram elements accurately by utilizing ray resampling based on the notion of DSLF. As a result, as demonstrated via numerical simulations, significant speckle suppression is achieved at no cost of sampling related reconstruction artifacts.acceptedVersionPeer reviewe

Switching Supramolecular Polymeric Materials with Multiple Length Scales

It was demonstrated that polymeric supramolecular nanostructures with several length scales allow straightforward tailoring of hierarchical order-disorder and order-order transitions and the concurrent switching of functional properties. Poly(4-vinyl pyridine) (P4VP) was stoichiometrically protonated with methane sulfonic acid (MSA) to form P4VP(MSA)1.0, which was then hydrogen-bonded to pentadecylphenol. Microphase separation, re-entrant closed-loop macrophase separation, and high-temperature macrophase separation were observed. When MSA and pentadecylphenol were complexed to the P4VP block of a microphase-separated diblock copolymer poly[styrene-block-(4-vinyl pyridine)], self-organized structures-in-structures were obtained whose hierarchical phase transitions can be controlled systematically. This microstructural control on two different length scales (in the present case, at 48 and 350 angstroms) was then used to introduce temperature-dependent transitions in electrical conductivity.

Orientation of Supramolecular Self-Organized Polymeric Nanostructures by Oscillatory Shear Flow

Macroscopic orientation of self-organized supramolecular polymeric materials has been demonstrated by oscillatory shear flow using in-situ small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). In the case when a homopolymer poly(4-vinylpyridine) and pentadecylphenol molecules are stoichiometrically complexed to form comb copolymer-like supermolecules, the self-organized lamellar local structures align parallel when sheared below the order-disorder transition temperature at 56 °C using 0.5 Hz frequency and 100% strain amplitude. Therefore, the hydrogen bonds between the phenolic and pyridine groups are strong enough to withstand the applied flow. In the case of a diblock copolymer of polystyrene and poly(4-vinylpyridine) stoichiometrically complexed with pentadecylphenol molecules to form the supermolecules, the self-organization yields lamellar-within-lamellar local structure near room temperature. The larger lamellar diblock copolymer structure showed a parallel orientation relative to the shearing plates upon shearing at 125 °C (i.e., above the order-disorder transition of the short length scale comb copolymer-like structure) with initially 0.5 Hz and finally 1 Hz, both at 50% strain amplitude. On cooling, the short length scale lamellar structure, consisting of poly(4-vinylpyridine) block and pentadecylphenol, is formed inside the layers of the comb copolymer-like material in perpendicular orientation.