Extending the Normativity of the Extended Family: Reflections on \u3ci\u3eMoore v. City of East Cleveland\u3c/i\u3e

Part I of this Article briefly recounts the plurality decision in Moore before analyzing Justice Brennan’s concurring opinion and detailing how the concurrence affirms, rather than deconstructs, the notion of African American deviance in families. Next, Part II specifies the ways in which Justice Brennan could have truly uplifted African American families and other families of color by identifying and explicating the strengths of extended or multigenerational family forms among people of color and by showing how such family forms can be a model, or even the model (if one must be chosen), for all families. Then, Part III concludes by enumerating how Justice Brennan missed a key opportunity to explore and expose the intricacies and complications of both race and racial discrimination when he chose not to address the intraracial dynamics involved in the case. After all, the City of East Cleveland that targeted and prosecuted Inez Moore, the African American plaintiff in the case, was a majority-African-American city with an African American City Manager and African American City Commission. Such an exploration of the case’s intraracial undercurrents not only could have disrupted societal understandings of the nuclear family as the normative ideal but also would have laid bare the pressures that African Americans have faced, both in history and at that time, to conform to the nuclear family structure. Further, it would have revealed the internalization of myths about African American familial deviance by the black middle class in East Cleveland and would have shown the damaging consequences of such pressures and internalization

REDUCTION OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION BY USING LOW-TEMPERATURE FUEL CELLS

Limited resources, CO2 debate and protection of our environment are subjects of public discussion nowadays. There is a consensus that the efficient use of energy will be one of the challenges with the highest priority in the future. From building services engineering to passenger and freight transport – there will be significant changes in all areas of daily life

Identification of bacterial plasmids based on mobility and plasmid population biology

21 páginas, 5 figuras, 1 tabla.Plasmids contain a backbone of core genes that remains relatively stable for long evolutionary periods, making sense to speak about plasmid species. The identification and characterization of the core genes of a plasmid species has a special relevance in the study of its epidemiology and modes of transmission. Besides, this knowledge will help to unveil the main routes that genes, for example antibiotic resistance (AbR) genes, use to travel from environmental reservoirs to human pathogens. Global dissemination of multiple antibiotic resistances and virulence traits by plasmids is an increasing threat for the treatment of many bacterial infectious diseases. To follow the dissemination of virulence and AbR genes, we need to identify the causative plasmids and follow their path from reservoirs to pathogens. In this review, we discuss how the existing diversity in plasmid genetic structures gives rise to a large diversity in propagation strategies. We would like to propose that, using an identification methodology based on plasmid mobility types, we can follow the propagation routes of most plasmids in Gammaproteobacteria, as well as their cargo genes, in complex ecosystems. Once the dissemination routes are known, designing antidissemination drugs and testing their efficacy will become feasible.This work was supported by grant BFU2008-00995/BMC from Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (MCINN, Spain), grant REIPI RD06/0008/1012 from Instituto de Salud Carlos III and grant no. 248919/FP7-ICT-2009-4 from the European VII Framework Program. M.P.G.-B. was the recipient of a JAE-Doc postdoctoral contract from Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC). A.A. was partially funded by the Ist Plan Regional de I+D+i de Cantabria.Peer reviewe

Профессор С. Д. Заверткин (1951-2013)

22 мая 2013 г. ушел из жизни доктор геолого-минералогических наук, кандидат физико-математических наук, профессор кафедры высшей математики Физико-технического института Томского политехнического университета Сергей Дмитриевич Заверткин

The influence of grain size distribution on strain hardening behavior for dual phase steels using statistica ly informed artificial microstructure model and crystal plasticity

Dual phase steels are well suited to the automotive application. Their microstructures comprise constituents of strong distinction in mechanical properties. As a result, dual phase steels exhibit remarkably high-energy absorption as well as an excellent combination of strength and ductility. Various deformation mechanisms can be observed on the microscale owing to their heterogeneous composition. A reliable microstructure-based simulation approach for describing these deformations is hence needed. Therefore, the approach to generate artificial dual phase microstructure models based on the quantitative results of metallographic microstructure analysis and their statistical representation is developed. This method captures several microstructural features such as microstructure morphology and thus enables a simulation-based analysis of the influence of these features on the meso- and macroscopic material behavior. The algorithm input contains representative information about individual phase grain size and orientation distributions. The statistical parameters to represent the grain size distribution function are then input into a multiplicatively weighted Voronoi tessellation based algorithm to generate artificial microstructure geometry models that are applicable to bimodal distribution and with which microstructure deformation (finite element) simulations can be performed. By implementation of the phenomenological based crystal plasticity model to the generated artificial microstructure model, the influence of grain size distribution on the strain hardening behavior can be investigated

Dynamic fracture of a dual phase automotive steel

Dynamic testing of sheet metals has become more important due to the need for more reliable vehicle crashworthiness assessments in the automotive industry. The study presents a comprehensive set of experimental results that covers a wide range of stress states on a dual phase automotive sheet steel. Split Hopkinson bar tensile (SHBT) tests are performed on dogbone shaped samples to obtain the plastic hardening properties at high strain rates. A set of purpose designed sample geometries comprising of three notched dogbone tension samples is tested at high strain rates to characterise the dynamic damage and fracture properties under well controlled stress states. The geometry of the samples is optimised with the aid of finite element analysis. During the tests, high speed photography together with digital image correlation are implemented to acquire full field measurements and to gain more insight into the localisation of strains at high strain rates. An experimental-numerical approach is proposed to effectively determine the fracture characteristics of the dual phase steel under extreme conditions. A modified Bai-Wierzbicki model is implemented to assess the damage initiation and subsequent failure. Additionally, the fracture mechanisms are studied utilizing scanning electron microscopy

Разработка модели для прогнозирования технического состояния линейной части магистральных газопроводов

Cбор и обработка данных по отказам и их причинам МГ, расчет на прочность и устойчивость, анализ напряженно-деформированного состояния газопровода в вечномерзлых породах, оценка влияния дефекта типа "трещина" на напряженно-деформированное состояние участка газопровода Республики Саха(Якутия). Прогнозирование дальнейшей эксплуатации участка газопровода, на основании приведенного исследования. Выявление опасных и вредных производственных факторов, изучение охраны окружающей среды и защиты в чрезвычайных ситуациях при эксплуатации магистральных газопроводов.Collection and processing of data on failures and their causes MG, calculation for strength and stability, analysis of the stress-strain state of the gas pipeline in permafrost, estimation of the effect of a crack fault on the stress-strain state of the Sakha (Yakutia) gas pipeline section. Forecasting the further operation of the gas pipeline section, based on the above study. Identification of hazardous and harmful production factors, the study of environmental protection and protection in emergency situations during the operation of main gas pipelines