Primer estudio paleoparasitológico en restos humanos de la provincia de Córdoba (Holoceno tardío)

Paleoparasitology in Argentina has produced a number of studies, especially from Patagonia. However, investigations on parasites in past populations from the central region of the country are absent. In this regard, we performed the first research on parasite infestation in human remains from archaeological sites of the province of Córdoba. Thirteen individuals from four archaeological sites, dated of 2562 ± 47 to 533 ±57 14C years BP, were examined. Paleoparasitological analyses were conducted on 20 sediment samples from the pelvic cavity, using spontaneous sedimentation, disaggregation in hydrochloric acid, and sucrose flotation techniques. We found structures suggestive of helminth eggs of Ascaridoidea and Heterakoidea superfamilies, and of unidentified nematode eggs. As animals are the definitive hosts of the parasites found, the results could suggest the occurrence of false parasitism in the individuals from the region. The close interaction between humans and animals, incorporated as part of the diet, is supported by previous isotopic and zooarchaeological studies. The scarcity of parasite findings in this study would be attributed to taphonomic processes and the environmental characteristics of the sites.La paleoparasitología en la Argentina ha producido un gran número de trabajos, especialmente en Patagonia. Sin embargo, hay ausencia de estos estudios en las poblaciones de la región central del país. En este sentido, realizamos la primera investigación sobre infestaciones parasitarias en restos humanos de sitios arqueológicos de la provincia de Córdoba. Se estudiaron 13 individuos de 4 sitios arqueológicos, datados entre 2562 ± 47 y 533 ± 57 14C años AP. Los análisis paleoparasitológicos se aplicaron sobre 20 muestras de sedimentos provenientes de la cavidad pélvica, empleando las técnicas de sedimentación espontánea, disgregación en ácido clorhídrico y flotación en sacarosa. Se hallaron estructuras sugestivas de huevos de helmintos de las superfamilias Ascaridoidea y Heterakoidea, y otros de nemátodos no identificados. Debido a que los animales son los huéspedes definitivos de estos parásitos, los resultados podrían sugerir la presencia de falso parasitismo en los individuos de la región. La relación cercana de los humanos con los animales, utilizados como parte de la dieta, se sustenta en estudios isotópicos y zooarqueológicos previos. La escasez de hallazgos parasitarios en este estudio posiblemente se debe a factores tafonómicos y a las características ambientales de los sitios

First paleoparasitological study on human remains from the province of Córdoba (late Holocene)

La Paleoparasitología en la Argentina ha producido un gran número de trabajos, especialmente en Patagonia. Sin embargo, hay ausencia de estos estudios en las poblaciones de la región central del país. En este sentido, realizamos la primera investigación sobre parasitosis en restos humanos de sitios arqueológicos de la provincia de Córdoba. Se estudiaron 13 individuos de 4 sitios arqueológicos, datados entre 2562 ± 47 y 533 ± 57 14C años AP. Los análisis paleoparasitológicos se aplicaron sobre 20 muestras de sedimentos provenientes de la cavidad pélvica, empleando las técnicas de sedimentación espontánea, disgregación en ácido clorhídrico y flotación en sacarosa. Se hallaron estructuras sugestivas de huevos de helmintos de las superfamilias Ascaridoidea y Heterakoidea, y otros de nemátodos no identificados. Debido a que los animales son los huéspedes definitivos de estos parásitos, los resultados podrían sugerir la presencia de falso parasitismo en los individuos de la región. La relación cercana de los humanos con los animales, utilizados como parte de la dieta, se sustenta en estudios isotópicos y zooarqueológicos previos. La escasez de hallazgos parasitarios en este estudio posiblemente se debe a factores tafonómicos y a las características ambientales de los sitios.Asociación de Antropología Biológica de la República Argentin

First paleoparasitological study on human remains from the province of Córdoba (late Holocene)

La Paleoparasitología en la Argentina ha producido un gran número de trabajos, especialmente en Patagonia. Sin embargo, hay ausencia de estos estudios en las poblaciones de la región central del país. En este sentido, realizamos la primera investigación sobre parasitosis en restos humanos de sitios arqueológicos de la provincia de Córdoba. Se estudiaron 13 individuos de 4 sitios arqueológicos, datados entre 2562 ± 47 y 533 ± 57 14C años AP. Los análisis paleoparasitológicos se aplicaron sobre 20 muestras de sedimentos provenientes de la cavidad pélvica, empleando las técnicas de sedimentación espontánea, disgregación en ácido clorhídrico y flotación en sacarosa. Se hallaron estructuras sugestivas de huevos de helmintos de las superfamilias Ascaridoidea y Heterakoidea, y otros de nemátodos no identificados. Debido a que los animales son los huéspedes definitivos de estos parásitos, los resultados podrían sugerir la presencia de falso parasitismo en los individuos de la región. La relación cercana de los humanos con los animales, utilizados como parte de la dieta, se sustenta en estudios isotópicos y zooarqueológicos previos. La escasez de hallazgos parasitarios en este estudio posiblemente se debe a factores tafonómicos y a las características ambientales de los sitios.Paleoparasitology in Argentina has produced a number of studies, especially from Patagonia. However, investigations on parasites in past populations from the central region of the country are absent. In this regard, we performed the first research on parasitosis in human remains from archaeological sites of the province of Córdoba. Thirteen individuals from four archaeological sites, dated of 2562 ± 47 to 533 ± 57 14C years BP, were examined. Paleoparasitological analyses were conducted on 20 sediment samples from the pelvic cavity, using spontaneous sedimentation, disaggregation in hydrochloric acid, and sucrose flotation techniques. We found structures suggestive of helminth eggs of Ascaridoidea and Heterakoidea superfamilies, and of unidentified nematode eggs. As animals are the definitive hosts of the parasites found, the results could suggest the occurrence of false parasitism in the individuals from the region. The close interaction between humans and animals, incorporated as part of the diet, is supported by previous isotopic and zooarchaeological studies. The scarcity of parasite findings in this study would be attributed to taphonomic processes and the environmental characteristics of the sites.Fil: Ramirez, Darío Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Museo de Antropología; ArgentinaFil: Vieira De Souza, Mônica. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Mayo Iñiguez, Alena. Fundación Oswaldo Cruz; BrasilFil: Fabra, Mariana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Instituto de Antropología de Córdoba; Argentina. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Facultad de Filosofía y Humanidades. Museo de Antropología; Argentin

Storage stability of L-citrulline in cucumber (Cucumis sativus) and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus) juices / Estabilidade em armazenamento de L-citrulina em sucos de pepino (Cucumis sativus) e melancia (Citrullus lanatus)

Since foods rich in L-citrulline are important for vascular health, it is important to determine the amount of this compounds in foods present in the human diet. Therefore, the present study evaluated storage stability of L-citrulline in cucumber rind and pulp juices and to compare them with watermelon rind and pulp juices. The L-citrulline stability was evaluated for 12 days at refrigerated condition (4 ºC). Since L-arginine is an amino acid involved in L-citrulline metabolism, L-arginine content was also evaluated. On the initial day, L-citrulline content in cucumber rind and pulp was lower when compared to watermelon rind and pulp juices, respectively. A significative reduction in L-citrulline content in cucumber rind and pulp and watermelon pulp juices was observed in day 6 and day 12 when compared to the first day. However, L-citrulline content was stable for 12 days in watermelon rind juice. A significative reduction in L-arginine content was also observed in cucumber pulp and watermelon pulp juices, but not in cucumber rind and watermelon rind juices in day 6 and day 12 when compared to the first day. The results suggested that L-citrulline in cucumber rind and pulp and watermelon pulp juices were unstable at refrigerated conditions for 12 days.    

Trends of COVID-19 pediatric admissions number during the first 24 weeks of COVID-19 vaccination in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil / Tendências do número de admissões pediátricas da COVID-19 durante as primeiras 24 semanas de vacinação da COVID-19 no Rio de Janeiro, Brasil

Objective: To describe trends of COVID-19 pediatric admissions number during the first 24 weeks of COVID-19 vaccination.   Design: A retrospective study was conducted in children (0-18 years), admitted in two pediatric hospitals of Rio de Janeiro city, between January 17 and July 3, 2021 with confirmed COVID-19 by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction or serological tests. Trends of COVID-19 pediatric admissions number during the first 24 weeks of COVID-19 vaccination in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil and the pre-vaccine period were measured by linear regression. Participants: Children admitted in pediatric hospitals in Rio de Janeiro, city, Brazil Results: The number of total admitted patients (with all diseases) were 5340 during the pre-vaccine period, being 94 (1.8%) of them with confirmed COVID-19, and 4182 children admitted during the vaccine period, with 86 confirmed COVID-19 patients (2.1 %) (p=0.29). Media of cases admitted per/week were 2.02 in pre-vaccine period and 3.6 during the first 24 weeks of COVID vaccination (p=0.009). One death was reported in the pre-vaccine period and four in the vaccine period (p=0.14). Trends of increase in the number of admitted cases were verified both in the pre-vaccine period as in the vaccine period, being more expressive in the last one. Conclusion: There was trend of increase in number of children admitted with confirmed COVID-19 during the first 24 weeks of COVID-vaccination in Rio de Janeiro, city. Considering that few people were fully vaccinated, reducing of number of admitted children with confirmed COVID-19 was not verified

OCORRÊNCIA DE LENHOS FÓSSEIS NA BACIA DO TACUTU-RORAIMA

A bacia do Tacutu, comparada as demais bacias cretácicas brasileiras possui poucos fósseis continentais já registrados, sendo pouco conhecida em termos geológicos e paleontológicos, o que dificulta o entendimento de sua evolução. Esta situação vem paulatinamente sendo mudada através das recentes pesquisas de superfície realizadas na área da bacia, estas tem revelado importantes informações de cunho geológico e paleontológico. Entre as novas descobertas paleontológicas, destacam-se a descoberta de lenhos fósseis. Estes fósseis estão sendo estudados com intuito de elucidar aspectos paleoambientais e paleoclimatológicos da região durante o Mesozóico. A abundância de registros fósseis permitiu constatar uma grande variedade morfológica destes lenhos, cabe salientar o bom estado de preservação do material. Embora inacabados, estudos preliminares indicam que esta diversidade macroscópica sugere uma diversidade taxonômica igualmente considerável à região. Assim, a Bacia do Tacutu revela-se como um sitio fossilifero importante e que poderá ser uma grande ferramenta para o entendimento da evolução geológica da região. Palavras-chave: Bacia do Tacutu, Cretáceo, lenhos fósseis. ABSTRACT To example of the other basins Brazilian cretaceous, the Basin of Tacutu possesses few continental fossils registered already, however, compared to the others, she is still very little known in geological and paleontological terms, what hinders the understanding of his evolution. This situation comes gradually being changed through the recent surface researches done in the area of the basin that has been revealing important information of geological and paleontological stamp. Among the new done paleontological discoveries, they stand out the fossil logs here. These fossils are being studied with intention of elucidating aspects paleoenvironmental and paleoclimatological of the area during Mesozoic. The research still meets in preliminary phase, however, the abundance with that you/they happen allows to verify a great macroscopic morphologic variety of these logs, as well as his/her preservation state relatively good. Although unfinished, preliminary surveys indicate that this macroscopic diversity is accompanied by a similar anatomical diversity, what suggests a taxonomic diversity equally considerable to the area. Like this, the Basin of Tacutu revealed the stonemason very important fossiliferous and that can be an big tool goes the understanding of the geological evolution of the area. Keywords: Basin of Tacutu, Cretaceous, Jurassic, Roraima. DOI: 10.5654/actageo2009.0305.000

DESORDEM FUNCIONAL DO HIPOTALÁMO COMO CAUSA DE AMENORRÉIA PRIMÁRIA

Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) occurs when the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian sequence is suppressed due to an energy deficit usually caused by stress, weight loss, excessive exercise and disordered eating, leading to hypogonadism. The diagnosis is of exclusion, and a clinical examination with complementary blood and imaging tests must be performed. Treatment aims to correct the causes, guide adequate nutrition and physical activity. The combined estrogen can be used to restore menstrual cycles and preserve bone mass. We present the case of a 21-year-old patient with primary amenorrhea and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, with a history of stress linked to low self-esteem, intense ballet activity during puberty and rigidity in eating. Physical examination showed complete pubertal development and low body mass index (16.9 kg/m2). Decreased serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and normal levels of prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Bone densitometry showed osteoporosis of the femur and lumbar spine. After weight restoration, physical activity monitored by a professional, and prescription and combined oral hormone therapy, the patient started menstrual cycles.La amenorrea hipotalámica funcional (FHA) ocurre cuando la secuencia hipotalámico-hipofisario-ovario se suprime debido a un déficit de energía generalmente causado por el estrés, la pérdida de peso, el ejercicio excesivo y la alimentación desordenada, lo que lleva al hipogonadismo. El diagnóstico es excluyente, y el examen clínico debe realizarse con análisis complementarios de sangre e imagen. El tratamiento tiene como objetivo corregir las causas, guiar una nutrición adecuada y la actividad física. El estrógeno combinado se puede utilizar para restaurar los ciclos menstruales y preservar la masa ósea. Presentamos el caso de un paciente de 21 años con amenorrea primaria e hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico, con antecedentes de estrés asociado a baja autoestima, intensa actividad de ballet en la pubertad y rigidez alimentaria. La exploración física mostró un desarrollo puberal completo y un bajo índice de masa corporal (16,9 kg/m2). Disminución de los niveles séricos de hormona luteinizante (LH) y hormona estimulante del folículo (FSH) y niveles normales de prolactina (PRL), hormona estimulante de la tiroides (TSH). La densitometría ósea mostró osteoporosis del fémur y la columna lumbar. Después de la recuperación de peso, la actividad física monitoreada por profesionales y la prescripción y la terapia hormonal oral combinada, la paciente comenzó los ciclos menstruales.Functional hypothalamic amenorrhea (FHA) occurs when the hypothalamic-pituitary-ovarian sequence is suppressed due to an energy deficit usually caused by stress, weight loss, excessive exercise and disordered eating, leading to hypogonadism. The diagnosis is of exclusion, and a clinical examination with complementary blood and imaging tests must be performed. Treatment aims to correct the causes, guide adequate nutrition and physical activity. The combined estrogen can be used to restore menstrual cycles and preserve bone mass. We present the case of a 21-year-old patient with primary amenorrhea and hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, with a history of stress linked to low self-esteem, intense ballet activity during puberty and rigidity in eating. Physical examination showed complete pubertal development and low body mass index (16.9 kg/m2). Decreased serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), and normal levels of prolactin (PRL), thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). Bone densitometry showed osteoporosis of the femur and lumbar spine. After weight restoration, physical activity monitored by a professional, and prescription and combined oral hormone therapy, the patient started menstrual cycles.A amenorreia hipotalâmica funcional (FHA) ocorre quando a sequência hipotálamo-hipófise-ovário é suprimida devido a um déficit energético geralmente causado por estresse, perda de peso, exercício excessivo e alimentação desordenada, levando ao hipogonadismo. O diagnóstico é de exclusão, devendo ser realizado exame clínico com exames complementares de sangue e de imagem. O tratamento visa corrigir as causas, orientar alimentação adequada e atividade física. O estrogênio combinado pode ser usado para restaurar os ciclos menstruais e preservar a massa óssea. Apresentamos o caso de uma paciente de 21 anos com amenorreia primária e hipogonadismo hipogonadotrófico, com história de estresse associado à baixa autoestima, intensa atividade de balé na puberdade e rigidez alimentar. O exame físico mostrou desenvolvimento puberal completo e baixo índice de massa corporal (16,9 kg/m2). Níveis séricos diminuídos de hormônio luteinizante (LH) e hormônio folículo estimulante (FSH) e níveis normais de prolactina (PRL), hormônio estimulante da tireóide (TSH). A densitometria óssea mostrou osteoporose do fêmur e coluna lombar. Após a recuperação do peso, atividade física monitorada por profissional e prescrição e terapia hormonal oral combinada, a paciente iniciou os ciclos menstruais

O papel do Enfermeiro obstetra no processo de parturição

Pesquisa de abordagem qualitativa, descritiva e de campo, com objetivo geral de identificar o papel do enfermeiro obstetra no processo de parturição. A pesquisa foi realizada com cinco profissionais no Centro Obstétrico e Maternidade de um Hospital da Região Sul de Santa Catarina. Os dados foram coletados com entrevista semiestruturada e observação sistemática e analisados por meio da técnica de análise de conteúdo com categorização, com ordenação, classificação e análise dos dados pesquisados. Os resultados apontaram que as enfermeiras obstetras tem papel fundamental durante o trabalho de parto, acompanhando este processo. Reconhece que a parturiente necessita de uma assistência qualificada que possibilite a realização de cuidados visando um parto humanizado