Wheat gluten protein hydrolysates anti-inflammatory study

Motivation: It is known that some peptides have bioactive properties, anticarcinogenic, anti-inflammatory or antimicrobial among others. Lately, researches made in this area have been focused on vegetable sources peptides, which have shown a great capacity of having anti-inflammatory effects. Therefore, the aim of this investigation was to check wheat gluten hydrolysates anti-inflammatory capacities.Methods: 1) Wheat gluten was used as starting material, which was hydrolysated with two different enzymes each on their own, Alcalse 2.4L and Izyme AL during 1 and 2 hours respectively, taking samples each 15 minutes (named A0, A15, A30, A45, A60; I0, I15, I30, I45, I60, I75, I90, I105, I120). The hydrolysis grade was obtained using 2,4,6-trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) method. 2) In order to determine their immunommodulatory capacity, the inhibitory effect of each sample was tested among chronic inflammatory diseases pathways common enzymes: thrombin and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ECA). 3) Blood cells, monocytes, submitted to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) infection, were incubated for 24 hours with A45 and I90 at different concentrations (10µg/mL and 5µg/mL) for the purpose of seeing IL-1β, TNF-α (pro-inflammatory proteins) and IL-10 (anti-inflammatory protein), cytokines genes expression change; studied by Q-PCR.Results & Conclusions: 1) The more was the time that were being hydrolysed, the bigger was the hydrolysis grade, reaching a maximum of 36% of it with Alcalase 2.4.L and a 11,869% with Izyme. 2) The hydrolysates named as A45 and I90 were the ones that shown the most effective inhibitory effect above inflammatory enzymes; their physicochemical features should be studied for understanding it. 3)The hydrolysates chosen in the enzymatic tests (A45 and I90) showed to have a anti-inflammatory activity potential on cells, since in most cases they tend to repress pro-inflammatory genes expression (TNF-α and IL-1β) and enhanced the expression of other anti-inflammatory cytokines such as IL-10 (in all cases). Therefore, this study reveals that the inclusion of wheat gluten protein hydrolysates on our diets could help in the treatment of inflammatory diseases

Nutraceutical Extract from Dulse (Palmaria palmata L.) Inhibits Primary Human Neutrophil Activation

Palmaria palmata L. (Palmariaceae), commonly known as "dulse", is a red alga that grows on the northern coasts of the Atlantic and Pacific oceans, and is widely used as source of fiber and protein. Dulse is reported to contain anti-inflammatory and antioxidant compounds, albeit no study has investigated these effects in primary human neutrophils. Implication strategies to diminish neutrophil activation have the potential to prevent pathological states. We evaluated the ability of a phenolic dulse extract (DULEXT) to modulate the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-mediated activation of primary human neutrophils. Intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) were measured by fluorescence analysis and nitric oxide (NO) production using the Griess reaction. Inflammatory enzymes and cytokines were detected by ELISA and RT-qPCR. The results show that DULEXT diminished the neutrophil activation related to the down-regulation of TLR4 mRNA expression, deceased gene expression and the LPS-induced release of the chemoattractant mediator IL-8 and the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β, IL-6 and TNF-α. ROS, NO, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were also depressed. The data indicated that DULEXT has the potential to disrupt the activation of human primary neutrophils and the derived inflammatory and prooxidant conditions, and suggest a new role for Palmaria palmata L. in the regulation of the pathogenesis of health disorders in which neutrophils play a key role, including atherosclerosisSpanish Ministry of Science, Innovation and Universities grant CYTED-2019 119RT056

Oleuropein and its Peracetylated Derivative Negatively Regulate Osteoclastogenesis by Controlling the Expression of Genes Involved in Osteoclast Differentiation and Function

11 Páginas.-- 6 Figuras.-- 1 TablaDuring chronic inflammation, macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and receptor activator of nuclear factor-κB ligand (RANKL) have well established effects on gene networks that stimulate osteoclastogenesis, which is the culprit of several bone diseases. In this study, we investigated the anti-osteoclastogenic effects in vitro of oleuropein (OL) and its peracetylated derivative (Per-OL) by exploring the expression level of key hub genes involved in fate decision and lineage commitment, differentiation, and function of human blood monocyte-derived osteoclasts. Monocytes were purified from peripheral blood mononuclear cells of healthy individuals using commercial antibodies coated with magnetic beads and treated with M-CSF/RANKL in the presence or absence of OL or Per-OL (25 and 50 μM) for 6 days. We demonstrated that OL and especially Per-OL impair transcriptional gene circuits able to support osteoclastogenesis from human blood monocytes. Our results indicate that OL and notably Per-OL are promising candidates to control osteoclastogenesis.This study was supported by grants from the MCYT and MEC (AGL2011-29008, AGL2016-80852-R, and AGL2017-89342-P). The authors thank Cell Biology Unit at the Instituto de la Grasa (CSIC) for its assistance during the fulfilment of this study. MAR acknowledges financial support from the Spanish Research Council (CSIC)/Juan de la Cierva (FJCI-2017-33132)