Physiological Features of the Reproductive System of Female Nutria

This article provides information about a promising alternative field of animal husbandry – nutria breeding. This involves the production of fur and high-quality meat products, which contain a large amount of nitrogenous extractives and muscle hemoglobin. This study examined the sexual system of female nutria, and the dynamics, duration and features of each stage of the female nutria’s sexual cycle, including estrus, sexual arousal, hunting, braking and phase balancing. The methods of observation, clinical examination, research of smears and fingerprints, and analysis of the cytogram of the vaginal epithelium at different stages of sexual and physiological maturity of female nutria were used. When analyzing the cytogram of the vaginal epithelium, the structure, color, and percentage of basal, parabasal, superficial, and keratinized cells were indicated. Information about the timing of sexual and physiological maturity, their features, processes and signs of manifestation, and different timing of sexual and physiological maturity in summer and winter is provided. Keywords: nutria, female, puberty, physiological maturit

Создание цифрового документа: итоги вебинара для библиотекарей Карелии

The experience in building document digital copies in Karelian libraries is discussed; the conclusions of the webinar “Building quality digital documents at the National Library of the Republic of Karelia” and the findings of the participants polling are examined.Представлен опыт создания цифровых копий документов в библиотеках Карелии. Освещена работа вебинара на тему «Создание качественного цифрового документа: опыт Национальной библиотеки Республики Карелия», изложены его итоги, а также основные выводы, сделанные по результатам анкетирования участников вебинара

Evaluating the Epidemic Risk Posed by Marek's Disease Virus in Russia

Background: The highly oncogenic avian alpha herpes virus known as Marek's disease virus (MDV) raises concerns about its potential oncogenicity in humans. In this article, authors examine the potential epidemic risks associated with MDV, taking into account the current epidemic and epizootic situation in the Russian Federation, with a particular focus on the modern practices of pig and poultry farming. Given its oncogenic properties, MDV remains a cause for concern in the field of avian herpesviruses.Methods: The study was conducted in 2010-2022 in poultry farms Russian Federation, Republic of Belarus and the Republic of Kazakhstan where authors monitored the rate of vesicular enteritis and MDV. In total, 155 epizootics were examined, including the analysis of 62 epizootics of vesicular enteritis and the population of the studied area exceeded 1 million people.Results: The authors of the study found that vesicular enteritis, distributed over poultry farms in the Russia since 2011, and its safety for the population remains unknown. The increasing incidence of vesicular enteritis was also accompanied by various health issues in contact persons and veterinary personnel, as well as abnormal and in sync increases in infectious laryngotracheitis and MDV in young birds.Conclusion: Authors come to the conclusion that the consequences of COVID-19 are accompanied by a deficiency of folic acid, which in turn leads to a risk of developing diseases associated with DNA viruses.It is concluded that MDV may contribute to the development of reproductive and breast cancers, highlighting the need for increased awareness and attention to the health risks associated with poultry farming and further research in this area.Keywords: Marek's disease virus; Vesicular enteritis; Herpesvirus infection; COVID 19   

ВЛИЯНИЕ УСПЕХА И НЕУСПЕХА НА ПСИХОЛОГИЧЕСКИЕ СОСТОЯНИЯ СПОРТСМЕНОВ-БИАТЛОНИСТОВ

Success and failure in competitive activities are significant situations that affect the psychological state of athletes. The aim of the scientific research was to study the relationship between success and failure with the psychological states and behavior of biathlon athletes. The study involved 20 active biathlete athletes aged from 18 to 20 years, 10 boys and 10 girls, with their skill levels from the 1st category to masters of sports. The results were analyzed taking into account gender differences. The results of the study have revealed both gender differences and individual differences. The obtained data can be used as recommendations for coaches, athletes and sports psychologists.Успех и неуспех в соревновательной деятельности представляют собой значимые ситуации, которые оказывают влияние на психологические состояния спортсменов. Целью исследование стало изучение взаимосвязи успеха и неуспеха с психологическими состояниями и поведением спортсменов-биатлонистов. В исследовании участвовали 20 действующих спортсменов-биатлонистов  в возрасте от 18 до 20 лет, 10 юношей и 10 девушек, уровень мастерства от 1 разряда до мастеров спорта. Результаты были проанализированы с учетом гендерных различий. Результаты исследования выявили как гендерные различия, так и индивидуальные различия на ситуацию успеха и неуспеха. Полученные данные могут быть использованы в качестве рекомендаций для тренеров, спортсменов и спортивных психологов

Detection of hydrolases of different subclasses in cell-free fractions of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups using radial enzymatic diffusion in agarose gel

Cholera remains an actual infection worldwide, which dictates the need for a comprehensive study of its pathogens and, in particular, their hydrolytic enzymes that interact with the cells of the macroorganism. We determined the presence of hydrolases from different subclasses in preparations of cell-free fractions obtained from 58 strains of Vibrio cholerae O1 and O139 serogroups of different epidemic significance and origins using radial enzyme diffusion in agarose gels with various substrates. The analysis revealed statistically significant differences in enzyme activity depending on the origin and epidemiological significance of the original strain. We found that preparations obtained from non-toxigenic strains had increased activity of proteases and chitinolytic enzymes, while those from toxigenic strains showed high activity of mucinases, lipolytic enzymes, and nucleases. These data can be applied in the microbiological diagnosis of cholera as an additional biochemical characterization of Vibrio cholerae strains, as well as contribute to the understanding of the role of enzymes in the pathogenesis and adaptation of cholera pathogens

ロシア一般人向け日本語コース用初級コースブック 『どうぞよろしく I 』 開発報告

本稿では、ロシア・ノボシビルスク市立「シベリア・北海道文化センター」(以下SHC)における初級日本語コースのシラバス開発及びコースブック『どうぞよろしくI』開発について報告する。近年のロシアにおける日本語学習の目的はよりコミュニケーション重視の方向へと変化しており、対応する教材の開発が急がれている。SHCではコース受講生のニーズ調査を行い、ロシアで初めて日本語コースに言語活動能力を育てるCan-doシラバスを取り入れた。1年間のコース実施を経てシラバスの改善を行い、2011年にコースブックの開発に着手。ガニェの9教授事象モデルを参照し、言語運用能力・自律学習能力が身につく構成に配慮した。また各課に日本事情をふんだんに取り入れ、日本語を学ぶと同時に日本についても学べる内容となっている。教材開発と並行してロシア各地で教師セミナー・模擬授業を行い、その反応と評価を反映し、現在出版に向けて準備を進めている。This report is about the development of a textbook for Elementary Japanese course in the Novosibirsk Municipal "Siberia and Hokkaido Cultural Center" of Russia (SHC). Recently in Russia, the purpose of Learning Japanese is shifting towards communication. Teaching materials must be developed as a result. Assessment of these needs was conducted at SHC to develop new teaching materials. We started to develop a textbook in 2011 after a year-long trial run at SHC. As a result, SHC became the first in Russia to incorporate a course dedicated to developing Japanese language conversational competence. We used the learning model of R. Ganye as a reference. Every chapter includes Japanese cultural materials. Students can learn not just language, but also about Japan. In developing this material, we are conducting seminars and trial lessons in various parts of Russia to gain the views, reactions, and evaluations of the material. We are currently preparing for publication

Technologies of Invention for Sustainable Development of Construction and Architecture

The article presents the original author's approach to the methodologies of invention in the field of construction and architecture and with consideration of specific examples of solving inventive tasks for various typological groups of architectural and construction objects. The "direct" and "reverse" ways of creating relevant inventive solutions for key sectors of the national economy in the context of aggravation of interstate competition in various fields of intellectual activity are considered. The conclusion is made about the need to develop the two considered topical counter methodologies in order to form other principal alternative ways of the innovation platform

Long-Read Whole Genome Sequencing Elucidates the Mechanisms of Amikacin Resistance in Multidrug-Resistant <i>Klebsiella pneumoniae</i> Isolates Obtained from COVID-19 Patients

Klebsiella pneumoniae is a Gram-negative, encapsulated, non-motile bacterium, which represents a global challenge to public health as one of the major causes of healthcare-associated infections worldwide. In the recent decade, the World Health Organization (WHO) noticed a critically increasing rate of carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae occurrence in hospitals. The situation with extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) producing bacteria further worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic, due to an increasing number of patients in intensive care units (ICU) and extensive, while often inappropriate, use of antibiotics including carbapenems. In order to elucidate the ways and mechanisms of antibiotic resistance spreading within the K. pneumoniae population, whole genome sequencing (WGS) seems to be a promising approach, and long-read sequencing is especially useful for the investigation of mobile genetic elements carrying antibiotic resistance genes, such as plasmids. We have performed short- and long read sequencing of three carbapenem-resistant K. pneumoniae isolates obtained from COVID-19 patients in a dedicated ICU of a multipurpose medical center, which belonged to the same clone according to cgMLST analysis, in order to understand the differences in their resistance profiles. We have revealed the presence of a small plasmid carrying aph(3′)-VIa gene providing resistance to amikacin in one of these isolates, which corresponded perfectly to its phenotypic resistance profile. We believe that the results obtained will facilitate further elucidating of antibiotic resistance mechanisms for this important pathogen, and highlight the need for continuous genomic epidemiology surveillance of clinical K. pneumoniae isolates