ECONOMIC CHALLENGES OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN UKRAINE

The United Nations 2030 Agenda and its Sustainable Development Goals pose new challenges for Ukrainian businesses, which need to adapt their operations and strategies to the requirements of the SDGs. The purpose of this paper is to highlight the role of economic challenges and business opportunities of the SDGs for the Ukrainian economy. In particular, it assesses whether the SDGs can realistically be achieved after the COVID-19 pandemic and the war with the Russian Federation. Methodology. More generally, the framework allows to assess the macroeconomic coherence with the development strategies of Ukraine. The basic trends of the SDGs for Ukraine are summarized, and the estimation model of the progress in achieving the SDGs is carried out. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the economy of Ukraine is studied. Results. The results show that the economic challenges after the COVID-19 pandemic and the war include ethical, social, financial, and legal aspects that meet the requirements of sustainable development, which is a very high priority for the community in Ukraine. Practical implications. A comparative analysis of the activity of Ukrainian enterprises during quarantine is made on the basis of research data and those for official statistics. Value/originality. According to this study, Ukraine will need 5-7 years to regain the potential lost during the COVID-19 pandemic and the war. The actions of the government and the National Bank of Ukraine continue to support the economic mitigation of the negative effects of the war. The research is based on the economic issues that show how the SDGs can be achieved in the country under different policy scenarios, including modernization of production, development of innovation, increasing export potential, and support from the international community, especially the EU and the US. The assessment of the progress in the implementation of the SDGs in Ukraine showed their significant indicators, such as: The share of exports of goods whose production uses technologies of high and medium-high level in the total exports of goods; Ukraine's position as assessed by the Global Innovation Index; the increase in employment; the creation of institutional and financial capacities for self-realization of the potential of the economically active population and the development of the creative economy; Development of high-quality, reliable, sustainable and accessible infrastructure based on the use of innovative technologies, including environmentally friendly means of transport; ensuring the development of sustainable food production systems that contribute to the preservation of ecosystems and the gradual improvement of the quality of land and soil, primarily through innovative technologies; doubling agricultural productivity, primarily through innovative technologies; mobilization of additional financial resources through the promotion of foreign and domestic investment. Other SDGs showed low improvement and likelihood

Features of designing and implementing an information system for studying and determining the level of foreign language proficiency

Abstract This article analyzes the existing methods, international certifications and known systems that provide tools for learning foreign languages and describes the mechanisms for assessing these skills, which revealed the main shortcomings of existing approaches and showed the relevance of the study. The main requirements for the systems of this class are identified and presented in the form of work scenarios on the example of the module Learning Materials, which is presented to users with the roles of "Teacher" and "Student". A mathematical description of the subject area using the algebra of algorithms, which provided the means to minimize the created models by the number of uniterms. The presented models give a complete picture of the features of the system. The software system was designed using an object-oriented approach and the created diagrams were displayed in accordance with the UML notation. The study presents diagrams of options for use and activities, which simplified the understanding of the features of the information system of learning and determining the level of knowledge of foreign languages. The result of the study was the design and implementation of a system using the Golang programming language. Natural language processing is implemented in a separate module that provides tokenization and parsing, lemmatization / stemming, tagging of a part of speech and identification of semantic connections. The created software product works in the prototype mode and implements the described functionality. Keywords: foreign language, learning, skills assessment, algebra of algorithms, information syste

Anti-crisis management in Higher Education institutions of Ukraine during the Covid-19 pandemic

The article provides an overview of the anti-crisis managerial strategies of the Ministry of Education of Ukraine and educational authorities of Ukrainian higher education institutions in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic. The study comprises results of the on-line survey conducted between the 1st of March 2021 and 11th of April 2021 and covering 380 respondents (faculty members of 12 major higher education institutions in various regions of the country). The statistical and descriptive analysis of the challenges faced by Ukrainian teachers was carried out. The review makes clear that anti-crisis management activities (organizational, socio-psychological, technical, etc.) during corona-based closures have not yet been the object of sufficient surveys and therefore remain an unexplored phenomenon. The review presented proves the urgency of the problem of development of anti-crisis management activities and is intended to facilitate educational anti-crisis management. In addition, the study provides a relevant information basis for decisions and action in politics, administration and academic practice

INTEGRATION OF DIGITAL MEANS IN THE FINANCIAL SPHERE: THE POTENTIAL OF CLOUD COMPUTING, BLOCKCHAIN, BIG DATA AND AI

The integration of digital means in the financial sphere nowadays is not just a necessity, but also a strategic step that determines the further development of this industry. The modern world of finance bets on high technologies, namely on such key areas as Cloud Computing, Blockchain, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI). The purpose of our article is to conduct an in-depth analysis of the potential of Cloud Computing, Blockchain, Big Data and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies in the context of their impact on the financial sphere. The object of our article is the financial sphere, including banking, the investment sector, insurance, and other component industries that interact with finance. As a result of the conducted research: the advantages and disadvantages of the integration of digital means in the financial sphere are considered; the potential of Cloud Computing, Blockchain, Big Data and AI in the financial sphere was investigated; it is emphasized that all these technologies are already changing the financial sphere and have great potential for further development. Thanks to them, financial institutions can be more competitive, respond faster to changes in the market, and provide more innovative services for customers. Therefore, the integration of these digital means into the financial sphere is a necessity and a key direction for the further development and modernization of the industry. Cloud Computing, Blockchain, Big Data, and Artificial Intelligence (AI) technologies enable financial institutions to increase efficiency, reduce costs, and improve customer service. The challenges of implementing new technologies in the financial sector include the absence of a unified regulatory framework, high costs associated with transitioning to digital platforms, and resistance from traditional players. These challenges can be addressed by creating clear regulations, providing financial support to companies transitioning to digital technologies, and fostering partnerships between innovative startups and large financial institutions for collaborative development and implementation of technological solutions

Корпус плуга

Корпус плуга, що складається з лемеша, полиці і польової дошки, які приєднані до відливу стояка, який відрізняється тим, що леміш приєднано до відливу стояка через приєднувальні елементи у вигляді плоских пружин з можливістю його переміщення у двох взаємно перпендикулярних площинах, які одним кінцем закріплено на лемеші, а іншим до відливу стояка через виконане в ньому компенсаційне вікно

Innovative Educational Environment in the Conditions of Educational Reform: Neuropsychological Approach

The article is devoted to the neuropsychological approach to the organization of an innovative environment in the context of education reform. Attention is focused on the fact that now pedagogical workers note an increase in the number of children who have learning difficulties and behavior problems. The concepts of "neuropsychology" and "child neuropsychology" are considered. Focused on leading figures of domestic and foreign neuropsychology. Manuals and articles of domestic and foreign scientists on the relevance of the neuropsychological aspect in school practice are covered. The main tasks of neuropsychology are determined. It has been found that in the foreign literature there are many modern publications on the concept of "school neuropsychology", which provide many different corrective exercises, which are addressed to teachers, psychologists, neuropsychologists, speech therapists in working with children. It is emphasized that the psychomotor development of the child is manifested in his speech, gestures, writing, emotional state. The following pattern has been noted: in order for children to learn better, they need to move more. It is emphasized that modern teachers desperately need knowledge of neuropsychology to succeed in working with today's children. The significance of the use of neuropsychological techniques in the educational process is revealed. The focus is on speech skills, which are closely related to fine motor skills. Kinesiology exercises have been shown to play an important role in the functioning of the right and left hemispheres of the brain. Examples of moving exercises that improve the functioning of the child's brain are given. </em

Current issues of security management during martial law

The authors of the book have come to the conclusion that toensuring the country’s security in the conditions of military aggression, it is necessary to use the mechanisms of protection of territories and population, support of economic entities, international legal levers of influence on the aggressor country. Basic research focuses on assessment the resource potential of enterprises during martial law, the analysis of migration flows in the middle of the country and abroad, the volume of food exports, marketing and logistics system. The research results have been implemented in the different decision-making models during martial law, information and economic security management, formation of personnel potential and assets of enterprises, food, energy and environmental security management, use of budgetary levers and financial instruments. The results of the study can be used in the developing of directions, programs and strategies for the post-war recovery of Ukraine’s economy and the attraction of foreign investments in the regions, decision-making at the level of ministries and agencies that regulate security management processes. The results can also be used by students and young scientists in the educational process and conducting scientific research on the problems of ensuring the country’s security

Wdrażanie środowiska informacyjno-edukacyjnego uczelni w Ukrainie podczas pandemii COVID-19

The article considers the positive experience of responding to the threats of the COVID-19 pandemic by the higher education institutions of Ukraine, which for many years have implemented various opportunities of information and communication technologies by building an information and educational environment. Such an environment covers software and hardware, pedagogical and administrative blocks, which allow implementing high-quality professional training adapting to global challenges and requirements that are changing dynamically. Forced and sudden transition to distance learning has confirmed the feasibility of creating a safe and comfortable information and educational environment, integrated into the education system, providing access to all necessary information systems, databases and educational content, adapted to the needs and knowledge of each student, implementing developmental learning on the basis of interactivity. This is a complex scientific and pedagogical, educational and methodological, organizational and managerial, technical and technological task, which involves updating the technological base of the institution and a reasonable transition to innovative pedagogical technologies. Ensuring the quality and continuity of training of future professionals, in particular during the pandemic, these measures require additional investment in technical support and in-service training of research and teaching staff, as well as the establishment of effective administrative and managerial activities.W artykule opisane zostały pozytywne doświadczenia ukraińskiego szkolnictwa wyższego wynikające z reagowania na pandemię COVID-19. Uczelnie wyższe już od wielu lat realizują różne możliwości technologii informacyjno-komunikacyjnych poprzez budowanie środowiska informacyjno-edukacyjnego. Środowisko to obejmuje bloki programowo-techniczne, pedagogiczne i administracyjne, które pozwalają realizować wysokiej jakości szkolenia zawodowe dostosowujące się do globalnych wyzwań i dynamicznie zmieniających się wymagań. Wymuszone i gwałtowne przejście na kształcenie w trybie zdalnym potwierdziło sens stworzenia bezpiecznego i komfortowego środowiska informacyjno-edukacyjnego, zintegrowanego z systemem edukacyjnym, zapewniającego dostęp do wszystkich niezbędnych systemów informacyjnych, baz danych i treści edukacyjnych, dostosowanego do potrzeb i poziomu przygotowania każdego studenta, realizującego uczenie się rozwojowe w oparciu o interaktywność. Jest to złożone zadanie naukowo-pedagogiczne, edukacyjno-metodologiczne, organizacyjne, techniczne i technologiczne, które polega na aktualizacji bazy technologicznej instytucji i rozsądnym przejściu na innowacyjne technologie pedagogiczne. Środki te gwarantują jakość i ciągłość kształcenia przyszłych specjalistów, w szczególności podczas pandemii. Co istotne, wymagają one dodatkowej inwestycji w obszarze wsparcia technicznego, a także szkoleń kadry naukowo-dydaktycznej oraz ustanowienia skutecznej zarządczej administracji

Automated assessment and classification of defects according to the results of defectoscopy of metal surfaces

Робота виконана на кафедрі автоматизації технологічних процесів і виробництв факультету прикладних інформаційних технологій та електроінженерії Тернопільського національного технічного університету імені Івана Пулюя Міністерства освіти і науки України. Захист відбудеться «17» червня 2021 р. о 9.00 год. на засіданні екзаменаційної комісії №21 у Тернопільському національному технічному університеті імені Івана ПулюяВ даній кваліфікаційній роботі підібрано роботизоване обладнання для зварювання. Технічні рішення проекту передбачають вирішення наступних завдань: автоматизація основних і допоміжних операцій робототехнічного зварювання; оптимізація робототехнічного зварювання; підвищення надійності функціонування систем управління в результаті застосування сучасних методів діагностики і прогнозування працездатності зварних з’єднань; аналіз інформації про результати процесу зварювання з фіксацією відхилень від заданих параметрів оптимальних режимів. Робототехнічне зварювання розглянуто як технологічний процес маніпулятора, що забезпечує рух зварювального інструменту по складній траєкторії. Використання робототехніки дозволяє застосовувати найпродуктивніші режими зварювання за оптимального формування зварних швів, підвищувати густину струму, збільшити реальну глибину проплавлення, забезпечити додаткове зростання продуктивності і найголовніше зменшення зварювальних деформацій. Такий підхід до проблеми роботизації дозволяє успішно вирішувати відносно прості технологічні проблеми зварювання ковшів грейферів.Robotic welding equipment is selected in this qualification work. Technical solutions of the project provide for the solution of the following tasks: automation of basic and auxiliary operations of robotic welding; optimization of robotic welding; increasing the reliability of control systems as a result of the use of modern methods of diagnosis and prediction of welds; analysis of information about the results of the welding process with fixation of deviations from the specified parameters of the optimal modes. Robotic welding is considered as a technological process of the manipulator, which provides the movement of the welding tool on a complex trajectory. The use of robotics allows to apply the most productive welding modes with optimal formation of welds, increase the current density, increase the real depth of penetration, provide additional productivity growth and most importantly reduce welding deformation. This approach to the problem of robotics allows you to successfully solve relatively simple technological problems of welding buckets grabs.ВСТУП 8 1. АНАЛІТИЧНА ЧАСТИНА 1.1. Роботизоване зварювання та наплавлення 13 1.2 Критичний аналіз існуючої технології виготовлення ковша грейфера та обґрунтування альтернативного варіанту 19 2. ПРОЕКТНА ЧАСТИНА 2.1. Технічні умови на виготовлення ковша грейфера 23 2.2. Вибір зварювальних матеріалів 26 2.3. Режими роботизованого зварювання ковша грейфера 29 2.4. Техніка і технологія складання та роботизованого зварювання ковша грейфера 31 2.4.1. Послідовність виконання операцій складання-зварювання ковша грейфера 33 2.4.2. Приймальний контроль якості зварних з'єднань ковша грейфера після роботизованого зварювання 34 2.5. Техніка і технологія роботизованого наплавлення ножів ковша грейфера 36 2.6. Вибір стандартного устаткування 38 2.7. Вимоги до експлуатації зварювальних роботів 40 2.8. Розробка спеціалізованого обладнання для виготовлення ковша грейфера 41 2.9. Вплив структури зварного шва (наплавки) створеної роботизованим способом 45 3. СПЕЦІАЛЬНА ЧACТИНA 3.1. Засоби тензо- і динамометрії 61 3.2. Автоматизований спосіб дослідження деформівної здатності зварного шва одержаного роботизованим способом 72 4. БЕЗПЕКА ЖИТТЄДІЯЛЬНОСТІ, ОСНОВИ ОХОРОНИ ПРАЦІ 4.1. Актуальність охорони праці 82 4.2. Правила техніки безпеки при роботі в лабораторіях 83 4.3. Санітарно-гігієнічні вимоги до лабораторного приміщення 84 ВИСНОВКИ 88 ПЕРЕЛІК ПОСИЛАНЬ 9

Automatic Identification of Sound Source Position Coordinates Using a Sound Metric System of Sensors Linked with an Internet Connection

In this article, we deal with the problem of increasing the accuracy of the automatic determination of the coordinates of the sound source location. We propose a new algorithm for the identification of the sound source’s position coordinates based on a system of three equations of the second order describing the dynamics of acoustic wavefront propagation. The implementation of the algorithm is carried out by a distributed automated system, which includes autonomous sensor-receivers located in the field and connected to the server of this system via wireless communication channels. Sensor-receivers are placed at the vertices of a flat, symmetrical figure with 4 axes of symmetry of the second order (square). The proposed algorithm takes into account the change in the phase speed of the sound wave when the temperature, air humidity, wind direction and speed change and allows for the determination of the coordinates of the position of the sound source with an error of no more than 1%. The experiment with real input data was carried out in a simulated environment, which was created on the Node.js platform