27 Al NMR/MRI Studies of the Transport of Granular Al 2 O 3

The NMR/MRI techniques are applicable to the studies of motion of granular solids, providing information on the velocities, effective diffusivities and correlation times of the moving particles. The studies of transport of granular solids reported to-date are based on the detection of the 1H NMR signal of the liquid phase of liquid-containing solid materials. Yet, the solid phase of many granular solids contains magnetic nuclei, providing in principle an opportunity to study motion of such solids by directly detecting the NMR signal of the solid phase. In this paper, we demonstrate that this can be performed with the use of conventional echo pulse sequences in combination with the conventional motion encoding schemes. The detection of the 27Al NMR signal of the Al2O3 powder was used to obtain velocity maps of the powder packed in a spinning cylinder, and to measure the velocity distribution (average propagator) for the gravity driven transport of the same powder in a vertical pipe

27 Al NMR/MRI Studies of the Transport of Granular Al 2 O 3

The NMR/MRI techniques are applicable to the studies of motion of granular solids, providing information on the velocities, effective diffusivities and correlation times of the moving particles. The studies of transport of granular solids reported to-date are based on the detection of the 1H NMR signal of the liquid phase of liquid-containing solid materials. Yet, the solid phase of many granular solids contains magnetic nuclei, providing in principle an opportunity to study motion of such solids by directly detecting the NMR signal of the solid phase. In this paper, we demonstrate that this can be performed with the use of conventional echo pulse sequences in combination with the conventional motion encoding schemes. The detection of the 27Al NMR signal of the Al2O3 powder was used to obtain velocity maps of the powder packed in a spinning cylinder, and to measure the velocity distribution (average propagator) for the gravity driven transport of the same powder in a vertical pipe

Approaches to the Modification of Perfluorosulfonic Acid Membranes

Polymer ion-exchange membranes are featured in a variety of modern technologies including separation, concentration and purification of gases and liquids, chemical and electrochemical synthesis, and hydrogen power generation. In addition to transport properties, the strength, elasticity, and chemical stability of such materials are important characteristics for practical applications. Perfluorosulfonic acid (PFSA) membranes are characterized by an optimal combination of these properties. Today, one of the most well-known practical applications of PFSA membranes is the development of fuel cells. Some disadvantages of PFSA membranes, such as low conductivity at low humidity and high temperature limit their application. The approaches to optimization of properties are modification of commercial PFSA membranes and polymers by incorporation of different additive or pretreatment. This review summarizes the approaches to their modification, which will allow the creation of materials with a different set of functional properties, differing in ion transport (first of all proton conductivity) and selectivity, based on commercially available samples. These approaches include the use of different treatment techniques as well as the creation of hybrid materials containing dopant nanoparticles. Modification of the intrapore space of the membrane was shown to be a way of targeting the key functional properties of the membranes

Cross-Cultural Differences in Callings

This project will investigate predictors of cross-cultural differences in calling using the Unified Multidimensional Calling Scale

Phase 2

In phase 2 quantitative data were collected using an online survey in a sample of college students (N = 2491) across six nations: India, Turkey, China, Italy, the United States, and The Netherlands

UMCS: Measurement Invariance Analysis

Sintax to run UMCS-28 measurement invariance analysi

UMCS: Internal consistency analysis

Sintaxes to estimate Cronbach's alpha and McDonald’s Omega coefficients and their 95% confidence interval for the seven subscales across countries

27 Al NMR/MRI Studies of the Transport of Granular Al 2 O 3

The NMR/MRI techniques are applicable to the studies of motion of granular solids, providing information on the velocities, effective diffusivities and correlation times of the moving particles. The studies of transport of granular solids reported to-date are based on the detection of the 1H NMR signal of the liquid phase of liquid-containing solid materials. Yet, the solid phase of many granular solids contains magnetic nuclei, providing in principle an opportunity to study motion of such solids by directly detecting the NMR signal of the solid phase. In this paper, we demonstrate that this can be performed with the use of conventional echo pulse sequences in combination with the conventional motion encoding schemes. The detection of the 27Al NMR signal of the Al2O3 powder was used to obtain velocity maps of the powder packed in a spinning cylinder, and to measure the velocity distribution (average propagator) for the gravity driven transport of the same powder in a vertical pipe