213 research outputs found
The delay time distribution of supernovae from integral-field spectroscopy of nearby galaxies
Constraining the delay-time distribution (DTD) of different supernova (SN)
types can shed light on the timescales of galaxy chemical enrichment and
feedback processes affecting galaxy dynamics, and SN progenitor properties.
Here, we present an approach to recover SN DTDs based on integral field
spectroscopy (IFS) of their host galaxies. Using a statistical analysis of a
sample of 116 supernovae in 102 galaxies, we evaluate different DTD models for
SN types Ia (73), II (28) and Ib/c (15). We find the best SN Ia DTD fit to be a
power law with an exponent (50\% confidence interval),
and a time delay (between star formation and the first SNe) (50\% C.I.). For core collapse (CC) SNe, both of the
Zapartas et al. (2017) DTD models for single and binary stellar evolution are
consistent with our results. For SNe II and Ib/c, we find a correlation with a
Gaussian DTD model with and (50\% C.I.) respectively. This analysis demonstrates that
integral field spectroscopy opens a new way of studying SN DTD models in the
local universe
Recovering lost light: discovery of supernova remnants with integral field spectroscopy
We present results from a systematic search for broad ( 400 \kms) \ha\
emission in Integral Field Spectroscopy data cubes of 1200 nearby
galaxies obtained with PMAS and MUSE. We found 19 unique regions that pass our
quality cuts, four of which match the locations of previously discovered SNe:
one Type IIP, and three Type IIn, including the well-known SN 2005ip. We
suggest that these objects are young Supernova Remnants, with bright and broad
\ha\ emission powered by the interaction between the SN ejecta and dense
circumstellar material. The stellar ages measured at the location of these SNR
candidates are systematically lower by about 0.5 dex than those measured at the
location of core collapse SNe, implying that their progenitors might be shorter
lived and therefore more massive than a typical CC SN progenitor. The methods
laid out in this work open a new window into the study of nearby SNe with
Integral Field Spectroscopy.Comment: 16 pages, 10 figures, submitted to AAS journal
A metallicity dependence on the occurrence of core-collapse supernovae
Core-collapse supernovae (CCSNe) are widely accepted to be caused by the explosive death of massive stars with initial masses ≳8 M ⊙. There is, however, a comparatively poor understanding of how properties of the progenitors—mass, metallicity, multiplicity, rotation, etc.—manifest in the resultant CCSN population. Here, we present a minimally biased sample of nearby CCSNe from the All-Sky Automated Survey for Supernovae survey whose host galaxies were observed with integral-field spectroscopy using MUSE at the Very Large Telescope. This data set allows us to analyze the explosion sites of CCSNe within the context of global star formation properties across the host galaxies. We show that the CCSN explosion site oxygen abundance distribution is offset to lower values than the overall H ii region abundance distribution within the host galaxies. We further split the sample at 12+log10(O/H)=8.6 dex and show that within the subsample of low-metallicity host galaxies, the CCSNe unbiasedly trace the star formation with respect to oxygen abundance, while for the subsample of higher-metallicity host galaxies, they preferentially occur in lower-abundance star-forming regions. We estimate the occurrence of CCSNe as a function of oxygen abundance per unit star formation and show that there is a strong decrease as abundance increases. Such a strong and quantified metallicity dependence on CCSN production has not been shown before. Finally, we discuss possible explanations for our result and show that each of these has strong implications not only for our understanding of CCSNe and massive star evolution but also for star formation and galaxy evolution
The effect of discrete vs. continuous-valued ratings on reputation and ranking systems
When users rate objects, a sophisticated algorithm that takes into account
ability or reputation may produce a fairer or more accurate aggregation of
ratings than the straightforward arithmetic average. Recently a number of
authors have proposed different co-determination algorithms where estimates of
user and object reputation are refined iteratively together, permitting
accurate measures of both to be derived directly from the rating data. However,
simulations demonstrating these methods' efficacy assumed a continuum of rating
values, consistent with typical physical modelling practice, whereas in most
actual rating systems only a limited range of discrete values (such as a 5-star
system) is employed. We perform a comparative test of several co-determination
algorithms with different scales of discrete ratings and show that this
seemingly minor modification in fact has a significant impact on algorithms'
performance. Paradoxically, where rating resolution is low, increased noise in
users' ratings may even improve the overall performance of the system.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure
The delay time distribution of supernovae from integral-field spectroscopy of nearby galaxies
Constraining the delay time distribution (DTD) of different supernova (SN) types can shed light on the time-scales of galaxy chemical enrichment and feedback processes affecting galaxy dynamics, and SN progenitor properties. Here, we present an approach to recover SN DTDs based on integral-field spectroscopy (IFS) of their host galaxies. Using a statistical analysis of a sample of 116 SNe in 102 galaxies, we evaluate different DTD models for SN types Ia (73), II (28), and Ib/c (15). We find the best SN Ia DTD fit to be a power law with an exponent α = -1.1 +/- 0.3 (50 per cent confidence interval (C.I.)), and a time delay (between star formation and the first SNe) Δ = 50-35+100 Myr (50 per cent C.I.). For core collapse (CC) SNe, both of the Zapartas et al. DTD models for single and binary stellar evolution are consistent with our results. For SNe II and Ib/c, we find a correlation with a Gaussian DTD model with σ = 82-23+129 Myr and σ = 56-9+141 Myr (50 per cent C.I.), respectively. This analysis demonstrates that IFS opens a new way of studying SN DTD models in the local Universe
Examining the Properties of Low-Luminosity Hosts of Type Ia Supernovae from ASAS-SN
We present a spectroscopic analysis of 44 low-luminosity host galaxies of
Type Ia supernovae (SNe Ia) detected by the All-Sky Automated Survey for
Supernovae (ASAS-SN), using the emission lines to measure metallicities and
star formation rates. We find that although the star formation activity of our
sample is representative of general galaxies, there is some evidence that the
lowest-mass SN Ia host galaxies (log()) in our sample have
high metallicities compared to general galaxies of similar masses. We also
identify a subset of 5 galaxies with particularly high metallicities. This
highlights the need for spectroscopic analysis of more low-luminosity, low-mass
SN Ia host galaxies to test the robustness of these conclusions and their
potential impact on our understanding of SN Ia progenitors.Comment: 13 pages, 7 figures, 2 tables. Submitted to ApJ. Full versions of the
tables in the paper are available in machine-readable format as ancillary
file
LSQ13ddu: a rapidly evolving stripped-envelope supernova with early circumstellar interaction signatures
This paper describes the rapidly evolving and unusual supernova LSQ13ddu, discovered by the La Silla-QUEST survey. LSQ13ddu displayed a rapid rise of just 4.8 ± 0.9 d to reach a peak brightness of −19.70 ± 0.02 mag in the LSQgr band. Early spectra of LSQ13ddu showed the presence of weak and narrow HeI features arising from interaction with circumstellar material (CSM). These interaction signatures weakened quickly, with broad features consistent with those seen in stripped-envelope SNe becoming dominant around two weeks after maximum. The narrow HeI velocities are consistent with the wind velocities of luminous blue variables but its spectra lack the typically seen hydrogen features. The fast and bright early light curve is inconsistent with radioactive ⁵⁶Ni powering but can be explained through a combination of CSM interaction and an underlying ⁵⁶Ni decay component that dominates the later time behaviour of LSQ13ddu. Based on the strength of the underlying broad features, LSQ13ddu appears deficient in He compared to standard SNe Ib
Evidence for dark energy from the cosmic microwave background alone using the Atacama Cosmology Telescope lensing measurements
For the first time, measurements of the cosmic microwave background radiation
(CMB) alone favor cosmologies with dark energy over models without dark
energy at a 3.2-sigma level. We demonstrate this by combining the CMB lensing
deflection power spectrum from the Atacama Cosmology Telescope with temperature
and polarization power spectra from the Wilkinson Microwave Anisotropy Probe.
The lensing data break the geometric degeneracy of different cosmological
models with similar CMB temperature power spectra. Our CMB-only measurement of
the dark energy density confirms other measurements from
supernovae, galaxy clusters and baryon acoustic oscillations, and demonstrates
the power of CMB lensing as a new cosmological tool.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figures; replaced with version accepted by Physical Review
Letters, added sentence on models with non-standard primordial power spectr
The Atacama Cosmology Telescope: A Measurement of the Thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich Effect Using the Skewness of the CMB Temperature Distribution
We present a detection of the unnormalized skewness induced by the
thermal Sunyaev-Zel'dovich (tSZ) effect in filtered Atacama Cosmology Telescope
(ACT) 148 GHz cosmic microwave background temperature maps. Contamination due
to infrared and radio sources is minimized by template subtraction of resolved
sources and by constructing a mask using outlying values in the 218 GHz
(tSZ-null) ACT maps. We measure = -31 +- 6 \mu K^3 (measurement error
only) or +- 14 \mu K^3 (including cosmic variance error) in the filtered ACT
data, a 5-sigma detection. We show that the skewness is a sensitive probe of
sigma_8, and use analytic calculations and tSZ simulations to obtain
cosmological constraints from this measurement. From this signal alone we infer
a value of sigma_8= 0.79 +0.03 -0.03 (68 % C.L.) +0.06 -0.06 (95 % C.L.). Our
results demonstrate that measurements of non-Gaussianity can be a useful method
for characterizing the tSZ effect and extracting the underlying cosmological
information.Comment: 9 pages, 5 figures. Replaced with version accepted by Phys. Rev. D,
with improvements to the likelihood function and the IR source treatment;
only minor changes in the result
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