Effect of Electrochemical Treatment on Electrical Conductivity of Conical Carbon Nanotubes

Interaction of conical carbon nanotubes (CNTs) with hydrogen during electrochemical treatment and its effect on their electronic properties was studied. The temperature dependencies of electroconductivity of initial and electrochemically hydrogenated conical CNTs were investigated by using four-probe van der Pauw method. The studies revealed that the electrochemical hydrogen absorption leaded to a significant reduction in the electroconductivity of conical carbon nanotubes. We assume that these changes can be associated with a decrease in the concentration of charge carriers as a result of hydrogen localization on the carbon π-orbitals, the transition from sp2 to sp3 hybridization of conical CNTs band structure, and, therefore, a metal-semiconductor-insulator transition

Short-Lived Electron Excitations in FeTe1 – xSex as Revealed by Microwave Absorption

Abstract: The Fe1 + yTe1 – xSex single crystals with the various Se/Te ratios were studied by the microwave absorption and direct current resistivity measurements. The comparison of the microwave absorption data and the resistivity versus temperature made it possible to separate the contributions of two types of spin fluctuations. One of them is due to the anisotropic magnetic (nematic) fluctuations. It is observed over the wide temperature range from ~30 to 150 or 200 K. In FeSe it has the maximum close to the structural transition temperature. Another MWA anomaly is located in the narrow temperature range above the superconducting transition. It is likely due to the antiferromagnetic fluctuations. Annealing of a sample at the temperature around 300°C in the oxygen atmosphere made it possible to exclude the effect of excess iron on the observed anomalies. © 2019, Pleiades Publishing, Inc

Accelerated Recovery Protocol in Extended Combined and Single-Stage Surgery for Pelvic Cancer

Introduction. The study aimed to evaluate a routine accelerated recovery management in patients with extended combined pelvic surgery.Materials and methods. We surveyed the records and outcomes in various oncological patients following the accelerated recovery protocol after a routine extended combined pelvic surgery at the Moscow City Oncology Hospital No. 1 during 2018–2020.Results and discussion. Locally advanced tumours comprised 37 (75.5 %) cases, and the remaining 12 (24.5 %) were nonpelvic resections due to metastasis. Radical surgery was achieved in 41 (83.7 %) cases, while the other 8 (16.3 %) were symptomatic due to the emerged complications of intestinal permeability disruption, bleeding, urinary obstruction, paracancrotic abscess, internal fistulae or pain syndrome. Postoperative complications were evaluated in the Clavien-Dindo classification.Conclusion. The results obtained suggest the feasibility of an accelerated recovery protocol-based practice in extended combined pelvic surgery

Ion beam synthesis and investigation of nanocomposite multiferroics based on barium titanate with 3d metal nanoparticles

Samples of nanocomposite multiferroics have been synthesized by implantation of Co+, Fe+, and Ni+ ions with an energy of 40 keV into ferroelectric barium titanate plates to doses in the range (0.5-1.5) × 1017 ions/cm2. It has been found that nanoparticles of metallic iron, cobalt, or nickel are formed in the barium titanate layer subjected to ion bombardment. With an increase in the implantation dose, the implanted samples sequentially exhibit superparamagnetic, soft magnetic, and, finally, strong ferromagnetic properties at room temperature. The average sizes of ion-synthesized 3d-metal nanoparticles vary in the range from 5 to 10 nm depending on the implantation dose. Investigation of the orientation dependence of the magnetic hysteresis loops has demonstrated that the samples show a uniaxial ("easy plane") magnetic anisotropy typical of thin granular magnetic films. Ferromagnetic BaTiO3: 3d metal samples are characterized by a significant shift of the ferromagnetic resonance signal in an external electric field, as well as by a large (in magnitude) magnetodielectric effect at room temperature. These results indicate that there is a strong magnetoelectric coupling between the ferroelectric barium titanate matrix and ion-synthesized nanoparticles of magnetic metals. © 2013 Pleiades Publishing, Ltd

ВАРИАНТЫ ЛОКАЛЬНОГО ЛЕЧЕНИЯ ОЛИГОМЕТАСТАТИЧЕСКОГО ПОРАЖЕНИЯ ПЕЧЕНИ ПРИ КОЛОРЕКТАЛЬНОМ РАКЕ: ОБЗОР ЛИТЕРАТУРЫ

Liver metastases is the most common type of colorectal cancer progression. Patients who have undergone surgical resection of liver metastases and received systemic antineoplastic therapy demonstrate the highest survival rates. Recog‑ nizing the oligometastatic disease as an individual entity has allowed identification of patients with advanced cancer who may benefit the most from the use of local treatment options. There are several methods of local treatment that can be currently used for the treatment of liver metastases: surgical resection, stereotactic radiation therapy, radiofrequency or microwave ablation, irreversible electroporation, and cryodestruction. The aim of our review is to provide a comparative assessment of the effectiveness, advantages and disadvantages of these techniques.Метастазирование в печень является наиболее частым вариантом прогрессирования рака толстой кишки. Наивысшие показатели выживаемости отмечаются у пациентов, которые успешно переносят хирургическое удаление метастазов и системную противоопухолевую терапию. Выделение олигометастатической болезни как отдельного феномена позволило дифференцировать в группе больных диссеминированным раком пациентов, у которых применение локальных методов воздействия на метастазы наиболее оправдано. В современном арсенале клинического онколога имеется несколько инструментов локального деструктивного воздействия на метастатические очаги в печень: резекция, стереотаксическая лучевая терапия, радиочастотная или микроволновая абляция, необратимая электропорация, криодеструкция. Целью нашего обзора является сравнительная оценка эффективности вышеперечисленных методик, их преимуществ и недостатков

Стереотаксическая лучевая терапия при олигометастазах колоректального рака в печень: систематический обзор литературы

The purpose of the systematic review is to summarize the data regarding safety and efficacy of stereotactic body radiation therapy in patients with oligometastases of colorectal cancer to the liver.Published scientific articles on the topic were identified by searching the databases mEDLInE, Pubmed, EmBASE. The review includes publications reporting on the results of treatment of patients undergoing stereotactic radiation therapy for. The systematic review includes all retrospective and prospective studies found over the past 15 years with at least 10 patients with liver metastases of colorectal origin included and standardized methodology of radiation therapy. We included into the review 20 studies comprising 919 patients. Comparative analysis was complicated because of the absence of control groups in all of the studies. moreover, 16 studies were single-center with heterogeneous groups of patients and various regimens of stereotaxic radiation therapy. Despite this, the researchers achieved 60–100 % rates of one-year local control, 56–100 % one-year overall survival with median overall survival up to 45 months and the number of clinically significant complications less than 10 %.From our point of view, the results of published studies support the safety and efficacy of stereotactic radiation therapy in patients with colorectal cancer and oligometastatic liver disease. we consider stereotactic body radiation therapy to be one of the local control options in case of careful patient selection and the use of modern radiation therapy options. further randomized controlled trials are needed.Целью систематического обзора является обобщение мирового опыта применения стереотаксической лучевой терапии у больных с олигометастазами колоректального рака в печень.Опубликованные научные статьи по теме были идентифицированы путем поиска в базах данных mEDLInE, Pubmed, EmBASE. В обзор включены публикации, сообщающие о результатах лечения пациентов, которым проводилась стереотаксическая лучевая терапия по поводу метастатического поражения печени при колоректальном раке. В систематический обзор включены все найденные ретроспективные и проспективные исследования за последние 15 лет с участием не менее 10 больных и стандартизованной методикой лучевой терапии.В результате поиска отобрано 20 исследований, включавших 919 больных. Проведение сравнительного анализа затрудняется тем, что все найденные работы не имеют групп контроля, при этом 16 из них являются одноцентровыми исследованиями с разнородными группами больных и режимами стереотаксической лучевой терапии. Исследователями достигнуты показатели однолетнего локального контроля 60–100 % при однолетней общей выживаемости 56–100 % и медиане общей выживаемости до 45 мес при числе клинически значимых осложнений до 10 %. с нашей точки зрения, результаты опубликованных исследований свидетельствуют о безопасности и эффективности данной методики у больных с олигометастатическим поражением печени при колоректальном раке. стереотаксическая лучевая терапия может применяться как один из вариантов локального терапевтического воздействия при тщательном определении показаний, отборе пациентов и применении современных вариантов лучевой терапии. Необходимо проведение дальнейших рандомизированных контролируемых исследований

Опыт применения стереотаксической лучевой терапии при олигометастазах колоректального рака в печени

Introduction: The problem of treating patients with unresectable liver metastases of colon cancer is currently far f rom being solved. One possible approach is the use of stereotactic body radiotherapy.The purpose of this study was to evaluate the immediate and long-term results of stereotactic radiotherapy in patients with colorectal cancer and oligometastatic liver metastases.Methods: This study was designed as a retro-prospective, open-label, controlled, non-randomized clinical trial. We assessed one-year local control, one-year overall survival, progression-free survival, and toxicity in 60 patients with oligometastatic liver disease from colorectal cancer who underwent stereotactic body radiotherapy, with median dose of 54 Gy.Results: The median follow-up was 20,1 months. One-year local control (LC) was 73,7 % (95 % CI = 62,7–86,6 %). Oneyear overall survival (OS) was 92,8 % (95 % CI = 86,3–99,9 %), one-year progression-free survival (PFS) was 31,3 % (95 % CI = 21,1–46,4 %) with a median of 8,1 months. Grade ≥ 3 toxicity was not noted. No cases of radiation-induced liver failure were observed. Radiation dose (HR = 0.88, 95 % CI = 0.81–0.95, p = 0.00087), metastasis size (HR = 1.51, 95 % CI = 1.07–2.12, p = 0.01858) and their number (HR = 1.8, 95 % CI = 1.01–3.22, p = 0.04669) are significant risk factors for LC. Metastasis size > 3 cm is a significant risk factor for LC (HR = 5.5, 95 % CI = 1.7–17.9, p = 0.005) and OS (HR = 3.8, 95 % CI = 1.3–11.7, p = 0.02).Conclusion: Stereotactic body radiotherapy is an effective and safe method of providing local control of oligometastatic liver metastases in colorectal cancer as part of a combined treatment approach. Further studies are required to individualize the indications for this treatment method.Обоснование: Проблема лечения больных с нерезектабельными метастазами рака толстой кишки в печени в настоящее время далека от решения. Один из возможных подходов – применение стереотаксической лучевой терапии.Цель исследования: Оценка непосредственных и отдаленных результатов стереотаксической лучевой терапии в рамках комбинированного лечения рака толстой кишки с олигометастатическим поражением печени.Методы: Данное исследование проведено как ретроспективное открытое контролируемое нерандомизированное клиническое исследование. Одногодичный локальный контроль, одногодичная общая выживаемость, выживаемость без прогрессирования и токсичность были оценены у 60 больных с олигометастатическим поражением печени на фоне колоректального рака, которым проводилась стереотаксическая лучевая терапия, медиана суммарной очаговой дозы 54 Гр.Результаты: Медиана наблюдения составила 20,1 мес. Одногодичный локальный контроль (ЛК) достиг 73,7 % (95 %ДИ = 62,7–86,6 %). Одногодичная общая выживаемость (ОВ) составила 92,8 % (95 % ДИ = 86,3–99,9 %), одногодичная выживаемость без прогрессирования (ВБП) – 31,3 % (95 %ДИ = 21,1–46,4 %) с медианой 8,1 мес. Токсичности 3 степени и выше не отмечено. Случаев радиационно индуцированной печеночной недостаточности не наблюдалось. Было установлено, что доза облучения (HR = 0,88, 95 % ДИ = 0,81–0,95, p = 0,00087), размер метастазов (HR = 1,51, 95 % ДИ = 1,07–2,12, р = 0,01858) и их число (HR = 1,8 95 % ДИ = 1,01–3,22, р = 0,04669) являются значимыми факторами риска для ЛК. Размер метастазов > 3 см является значимым фактором риска по снижению показателя локального контроля (HR = 5.5, 95 % ДИ = 1.7–17.9, p = 0.005) и ОВ (HR = 3.8, 95 % ДИ = 1.3–11.7, p = 0.02).Заключение: Стереотаксическая лучевая терапия – эффективный и безопасный метод обеспечения локального контроля над олигометастатическим поражением печени при колоректальном раке в рамках комбинированного подхода к лечению. Требуется проведение дальнейших исследований для индивидуализации показаний к проведению данного метода лечения и оптимизации его методологии.

An Integrated TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource to Drive High-Quality Survival Outcome Analytics

For a decade, The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) program collected clinicopathologic annotation data along with multi-platform molecular profiles of more than 11,000 human tumors across 33 different cancer types. TCGA clinical data contain key features representing the democratized nature of the data collection process. To ensure proper use of this large clinical dataset associated with genomic features, we developed a standardized dataset named the TCGA Pan-Cancer Clinical Data Resource (TCGA-CDR), which includes four major clinical outcome endpoints. In addition to detailing major challenges and statistical limitations encountered during the effort of integrating the acquired clinical data, we present a summary that includes endpoint usage recommendations for each cancer type. These TCGA-CDR findings appear to be consistent with cancer genomics studies independent of the TCGA effort and provide opportunities for investigating cancer biology using clinical correlates at an unprecedented scale. Analysis of clinicopathologic annotations for over 11,000 cancer patients in the TCGA program leads to the generation of TCGA Clinical Data Resource, which provides recommendations of clinical outcome endpoint usage for 33 cancer types

Genomic, Pathway Network, and Immunologic Features Distinguishing Squamous Carcinomas

This integrated, multiplatform PanCancer Atlas study co-mapped and identified distinguishing molecular features of squamous cell carcinomas (SCCs) from five sites associated with smokin