36 research outputs found
Learning to Predict Charges for Criminal Cases with Legal Basis
The charge prediction task is to determine appropriate charges for a given
case, which is helpful for legal assistant systems where the user input is fact
description. We argue that relevant law articles play an important role in this
task, and therefore propose an attention-based neural network method to jointly
model the charge prediction task and the relevant article extraction task in a
unified framework. The experimental results show that, besides providing legal
basis, the relevant articles can also clearly improve the charge prediction
results, and our full model can effectively predict appropriate charges for
cases with different expression styles.Comment: 10 pages, accepted by EMNLP 201
Improving first order temporal fact extraction with unreliable data
In this paper, we deal with the task of extracting first order temporal facts from free text. This task is a subtask of relation extraction and it aims at extracting relations between entity and time. Currently, the field of relation extraction mainly focuses on extracting relations between entities. However, we observe that the multi-granular nature of time expressions can help us divide the dataset constructed by distant supervision to reliable and less reliable subsets, which can help to improve the extraction results on relations between entity and time. We accordingly contribute the first dataset focusing on the first order temporal fact extraction task using distant supervision. To fully utilize both the reliable and the less reliable data, we propose to use curriculum learning to rearrange the training procedure, label dropout to make the model be more conservative about less reliable data, and instance attention to help the model distinguish important instances from unimportant ones. Experiments show that these methods help the model outperform the model trained purely on the reliable dataset as well as the model trained on the dataset where all subsets are mixed together
Experimental and physical model of the melting zone in the interface of the explosive cladding bar
AbstractLocal melting zone encountered in sections of the cladding interface is a distinguished phenomenon of the explosive cladding technique. The thickness and morphology of the melting zone in the Ti/NiCr explosive cladding bar are investigated by means of optical microscopy. Results show that the distribution of the melting zone in the interface of the Ti/NiCr explosive cladding bar is uniform and axisymmetric, and boundaries of the melting zone are circular arcs, whose center points to the center of the NiCr bar. The bamboo-shaped cracks generate in the melting zone. The thickness of the melting zone decreases with reducing of the stand-off distance and the thickness of the explosive. A physical model of the melting zone in the interface of the explosive cladding bar is proposed
Integrating Relation Constraints with Neural Relation Extractors
Recent years have seen rapid progress in identifying predefined relationship
between entity pairs using neural networks NNs. However, such models often make
predictions for each entity pair individually, thus often fail to solve the
inconsistency among different predictions, which can be characterized by
discrete relation constraints. These constraints are often defined over
combinations of entity-relation-entity triples, since there often lack of
explicitly well-defined type and cardinality requirements for the relations. In
this paper, we propose a unified framework to integrate relation constraints
with NNs by introducing a new loss term, ConstraintLoss. Particularly, we
develop two efficient methods to capture how well the local predictions from
multiple instance pairs satisfy the relation constraints. Experiments on both
English and Chinese datasets show that our approach can help NNs learn from
discrete relation constraints to reduce inconsistency among local predictions,
and outperform popular neural relation extraction NRE models even enhanced with
extra post-processing. Our source code and datasets will be released at
https://github.com/PKUYeYuan/Constraint-Loss-AAAI-2020.Comment: Accepted to AAAI-202
Playing 20 Question Game with Policy-Based Reinforcement Learning
The 20 Questions (Q20) game is a well known game which encourages deductive
reasoning and creativity. In the game, the answerer first thinks of an object
such as a famous person or a kind of animal. Then the questioner tries to guess
the object by asking 20 questions. In a Q20 game system, the user is considered
as the answerer while the system itself acts as the questioner which requires a
good strategy of question selection to figure out the correct object and win
the game. However, the optimal policy of question selection is hard to be
derived due to the complexity and volatility of the game environment. In this
paper, we propose a novel policy-based Reinforcement Learning (RL) method,
which enables the questioner agent to learn the optimal policy of question
selection through continuous interactions with users. To facilitate training,
we also propose to use a reward network to estimate the more informative
reward. Compared to previous methods, our RL method is robust to noisy answers
and does not rely on the Knowledge Base of objects. Experimental results show
that our RL method clearly outperforms an entropy-based engineering system and
has competitive performance in a noisy-free simulation environment.Comment: Accepted by EMNLP 201
Topological linear magnetoresistivity and thermoconductivity induced by noncentrosymmetric Berry curvature
The Berry curvature plays a key role in the magnetic transport of topological
materials. Yet, it is not clear whether the Berry curvature by itself can give
rise to universal transport phenomena with specific scaling behaviors. In this
work, based on the semiclassical Boltzmann formalism and the symmetry analysis,
we show that the noncentrosymmetric distribution of the Berry curvature
generally results in linear magnetoresistivity and thermoconductivity both
exhibiting the B-scaling behavior. We then study such kind of topological
linear magnetoresistivity in the 2D MnBi2Te4 flakes and the 3D
spin-orbit-coupled electron gas, the former showing good agreement with the
experimental observations. The difference between our mechanism and the
conventional anisotropic magnetoresistance is elucidated. Our theory proposes a
universal scenario for the topological linear magnetoresistivity and
thermoconductivity and predicts such effects to occur in various materials,
which also provides a reasonable explanation for the recent observations of
linear magnetoresistivity
Multi-choice Question Answering System of WIP at NTCIR-12 QA Lab-2
ABSTRACT This paper describes a multi-choice question answering system we designed for the . This system aims at analysing and answering world history multi-choice questions in the Japanese National Center Test (in English). Our system utilizes preliminary results from an information retrieval baseline as a starting point, and improves by taking structured knowledge base as well as additional time constraints into consideration. In the final evaluation, we achieved 34 points on the 2011 test dataset. Team Name WIP Subtasks National Center Tests, Formal Run (English