25 research outputs found
The influence of polleniser on biological properties and quality of apple (Malus domestica Borkh.) fruits
Istraživanjima u okviru ove doktorske disertacije ispitan je uticaj opraÅ”ivaÄa na
bioloÅ”ke osobine novointrodukovanih sorti jabuke: āGala Mustā, āRed Elstarā, āRajkaā i
āTopazā u agroekoloÅ”kim uslovima ÄaÄka. ProuÄavane su fizioloÅ”ke osobine (fenofaza
cvetanja, fenofaza opraÅ”ivanja i oploÄenja, i fenofaza zrenja plodova), pomoloÅ”ke
osobine (morfometrijske, hemijske i organoleptiÄke) i produktivne osobine (prinos po
stablu i prinos po jedinici povrŔine) navedenih sorti jabuke u kombinacijama
meÄusobnih opraÅ”ivanja, kao i u varijanti slobodnog opraÅ”ivanja.
Fenofaza cvetanja i zrenja ploda je utvrÄena standardnim metodama za ovu vrstu
istraživanja. Ispitana je klijavost polena in vitro prouÄavanih sorti jabuke, kvantitativna
efikasnost rasta polenovih cevÄica (broj polenovih cevÄica i njihov rast u pojedinim
delovima stubiÄa) metodom fluorescentne mikropskopije, kao i inicijalno i finalno
zametanje plodova u zavisnosti od opraÅ”ivaÄa. Morfometrijski parametri ploda (masa,
visina, Ŕirina, indeks oblika, dužina peteljke i broj semenki u plodu), kao i hemijske
osobine ploda (sadržaj ukupnih i rastvorljivih suvih materija, sadržaj ukupnih, invertnih
Å”eÄera i saharoze, sadržaj ukupnih kiselina, pH vrednost soka ploda i sadržaj ukupnih
mineralnih materija) utvrÄeni su standardnim laboratorijskim metodama. OrganoleptiÄka
ocena ploda (intenzitet dopunske boje pokožice, atraktivnost, ukus, aroma i konzistencija
ploda) utvrÄena je poentiranjem u skladu sa UPOV metodologijom navedenom u
uputstvima za priznavanje i zaŔtitu sorti jabuke. Prinos ispitivanih sorti jabuke u
zavisnosti od opraÅ”ivaÄa utvrÄen je raÄunskim putem.
Sorta āRajkaā pripada grupi srednjeranocvetnih, dok ostale sorte pripadaju grupi
srednjepoznocvetnih sorti jabuke. Po vremenu zrenja sorte āGala Mustā i āRed Elstarā su
jesenje, dok su sorte āRajkaā i āTopazā zimske sorte jabuke. Kvantitativni parametri
rasta polenovih cevÄica u stubiÄu tuÄka ispitivanih sorti jabuke ukazuju na postojanje
uticaja genotipa opraÅ”ivaÄa, ali i njegovog zahteva u pogledu temperaturnih uslova. Kod
svih kompatibilnih kombinacija ukrŔtanja Ŕest dana nakon opraŔivanja konstatovan je
prodor polenovih cevÄica u bazu stubiÄa, izuzev kod varijante slobodnog opraÅ”ivanja sorte āGala Mustā, kao i u kombinaciji āRajkaā āGala Mustā u drugoj godini
ispitivanja. Kod svih kombinacija opraÅ”ivanja utvrÄen je visok procenat inicijalnog i
finalnog zametanja plodova, uslovljen sortom opraÅ”ivaÄem i godinom ispitivanja...The influence of pollenisers on biological properties of the newly introduced
apple cultivars āGala Mustā, āRed Elstarā, āRajkaā and āTopazā grown in the region of
ÄaÄak were investigated within the scope of this doctoral dissertation. Among the crosspollination,
as well as in an open pollination variants within the cultivars abovementioned,
the following parameters were studied: physiological properties (flowering
phenophase, pollination and fertilisation phenophase, and fruit ripening phenophase),
pomological properties (morphometric, chemical and organoleptic) and production
properties (yield per tree and yield per unit land area).
Flowering and fruit ripening phenophases were determined by using standard
method. In vitro pollen germination rate of the studied apple cultivars, as well as
quantitative efficacy of pollen tubes growth (number of pollen tubes and characteristics of
their growth in particular regions of the style) monitored by fluorescent microscopy and
the initial and final fruit set depending on polleniser, were analysed. Morphometric
parameters of the fruit (weight, length, width, shape index, stalk length and seed number)
along with chemical properties of the fruit (total and soluble solids content, total, inverted
sugars and sucrose content, total acids, fruit juice pH value and total minerals content)
were determined by standard methods. Organoleptic assessment of the fruit (over colour
intensity, attractiveness, flavour, aroma and fruit consistency) involved grading based on
UPOV instructions stated in cultivar release and apple cultivars protection procedures.
Yield of the studied apple cultivars as influenced by polleniser was calculated manually.
āRajkaā belongs to the group of mid-early flowering cultivars, whereas the other
assessed cultivars are classified as mid-late flowering. As regards harvest maturity,
āGala Mustā and āRed Elstarā belong to the group of autumn cultivars, while āRajkaā and
āTopazā are winter cultivars. Quantitative parameters of pollen tubes growth in the style
suggest not only the influence of polleniser genotype, but also point to temperature
dependence of this influence. Six days after pollination pollen tubes were observed to
penetrate the style base in all compatible pollination variants, except the cross āRajkaā āGala Mustā and open pollinated āGala Mustā in the second year of the study. High
initial and final fruit set were recorded in all pollination variants, and depended on
polleniser and year of study..
Uticaj BA i BA+GA4+7 na formiranje prevremenih granÄica na jednogodiÅ”njim sadnicama sorti jabuke
This study presents the influence of BA (6-benzyladenine) and BA+GA4+7 (6-benzyladenine + gibberellic acids 4 and 7) on feathering of one-year-old apple trees of two cultivars Jonagold and Äadel. Different concentrations of BA (300, 600, 1,200 and 1,800 mg L-1) and BA+GA4+7 (500, 1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 mg L-1) were applied, and two treatments for both chemicals were performed. The first treatment was applied at 70-cm height of nursery trees and the second 2 weeks later. Comparison was performed in relation to untreated control. An application of BA and BA+GA4+7 did not affect both rootstock and nursery tree diameter at 10 cm above the grafting union. Nursery trees of cultivar Jonagold were not influenced by treatments applied, whereas in cultivar Äadel, the treatment with BA+GA4+7 decreased apical growth of nursery trees. The development of sylleptic shoots in both cultivars tested was influenced by the type of growth regulator and concentration applied. Treatment with BA at 300 mg L-1 concentration in both cultivars tested did not influence total length and number of sylleptic shoots, as well as the number of sylleptic shoots longer than 20 cm. The most positive influence on all studied parameters was observed on nursery trees treated with the concentration of 1,200 mg L-1 BA. The lowest concentration of BA+GA4+7 (500 mg L-1) caused the low feathering of both studied cultivars. The higher concentrations (1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 mg L-1) similarly increased the number and total length of sylleptic shoots of nursery trees.U ovom radu je ispitivan uticaj BA (6-benziladenin) i BA+GA4+7 (6-benziladenin + giberelinska kiselina 4 i 7) na boÄno grananje jednogodiÅ”njih sadnica dve sorte jabuke Jonagold i Äadel. Primenjene su razliÄite koncentracije BA (300, 600, 1.200 i 1.800 mg L-1) i BA+GA4+7 (500, 1.000, 1.500 i 2.000 mg L-1) pri Äemu su kod oba hemijska jedinjenja tretmani izvedeni dva puta. Prvi tretman je izveden kada su sadnice bile visine 70 cm, a drugi tretman je izveden dve nedelje kasnije. Kontrola je bila bez tretiranja. Primena BA i BA+GA4+7 nije ispoljila uticaj na preÄnik podloge i sadnice na visini od 10 cm iznad spojnog mesta. Kod sadnica sorte Jonagold nisu registrovane razlike u vrÅ”nom porastu pod uticajem primenjenih tretmana, dok je kod sorte Äadel tretman sa BA+GA4+7 uticao na smanjenje vrÅ”nog porasta sadnica. Ustanovljeno je da su tip hemijskog regulatora i primenjena koncentracija uticali na razvoj prevremenih granÄica kod obe ispitivane sorte. Tretman sa BA u koncentraciji od 300 mg L-1 nije ispoljio uticaj na ukupnu dužinu i broj prevremenih granÄica, kao i na broj prevremenih granÄica dužih od 20 cm. Najpozitivniji uticaj na sve ispitivane parametre je zabeležen kod sadnica tretiranih sa BA u koncentraciji od 1.200 mg L-1. Najniža koncentracija BA+GA4+7 (500 mg L-1) je izazvala slabo grananje sadnica kod obe ispitivane sorte. VeÄe koncentracije (1.000, 1.500 i 2.000 mg L-1) su uslovile sliÄno poveÄanje broja i ukupne dužine prevremenih granÄica na sadnicama
Properties of some Late Season Plum Hybrids from Fruit Research Institute ÄaÄak
Since 1979 to 2012 fifteen plum cultivars were named and released in Fruit Research Institute, ÄaÄak. Some of these cultivars, such as ÄaÄanska Lepotica, ÄaÄanska Rodna and ÄaÄanska Najbolja are grown in most important plum growing countries in Europe. Also, these cultivars are used as parent cultivars in many plum breeding programs. In addition to the cultivars, large number of promising hybrids are created in Fruit Research Institute, ÄaÄak and some of them, in this moment, are candidates for new cultivars. Therefore, in 2014 and 2015, we investigated the most important properties of four promising late season hybrids and standard cultivar āStanleyā. All four hybrids were harvested since beginning of September (34/41/87) until the beginning of the third decade of September (10/23/87). The earliest flowering time was recorded in hybrid 34/41/87 and the latest in standard cultivar āStanleyā. Hybrids 10/23/87 and 26/54/87 generally had the highest fruit weight and all three fruit dimensions. Also these hybrids had the highest content of total sugars and sucrose and highest pH value, but poorest total acids content. The highest content of invert sugars and total acids was recorded in hybrid 22/17/87. This hybrid also, had the highest yield per tree and per hectare while the hybrid 34/41/87 had the lowest these values. Standard cultivar āStanleyā had the largest stone weight and the highest amount of soluble solids
The influence of chemical characteristics of precipitation on tree health in Banjica Forest (Belgrade, Serbia)
The most represented tree species in the Banjica Forest are Acer negundo, Quercus robur, Acer pseudoplatanus, Populus nigra, Fraxinus pennsylvanica, Fraxinus ornus and Robinia pseudoacacia. According to the ICP Forests combined assessment (degree of defoliation and decolorization), endangered species are Populus nigra (64.3% of heavily damaged trees), Quercus robur (45.5%), Fraxinus pennsylvanica (37.0%) and Acer negundo (26.6%), while the situation is much better for Acer pseudoplatanus and Fraxinus ornus. For Robinia pseudoacacia, 83% of trees are without decolorization, however, defoliation is established. In the period from April to October 2009, the average pH of rainwater was 5.46, and 5.18 in the period from November 2009 to March 2010. The concentration of SO42- in the period from April to October 2009 amounted to an average of 24.21 mg/l, and 28.87 mg/l in the period from November 2009 to March 2010. The concentration of SO42- and pH values is a possible explanation for the condition of the trees
The relationship between the carcass characteristics and meat composition of young Simmental beef cattle
The objective was to study the relationships between the carcass characteristics and meat composition of young Simmental beef, classified with regard to conformation and degree of fatness scores, and total lipid content, depending on gender. For this purpose, 90 animals (60 male and 30 female Simmental beef cattle) were analysed. The results of the study showed that gender affected carcass measurement scores and chemical composition of meat through its important effect on overall animal fatness. Referring to correlations, male carcass conformation score was negatively related to slaughter weight, total lipid content and fatness score. On the other hand, slaughter weight, hot and cold carcass weight, dressing percentage and carcass conformation was positively related to fatness score, all of them being significant. However, female carcass conformation score was positively related to slaughter weight, total lipid content and fatness score. Hot and cold carcass weights of female Simmental beef cattle were positively correlated to slaughter weight, total lipid content and carcass conformation score. Carcass conformation score and fatness score were affected by gender of young Simmental beef cattle
How Can Tufa Deposits Contribute to the Geotourism Offer? The Outcomes from the First UNESCO Global Geopark in Serbia
The study focuses on the present state and the assessments of geotourism development of the two most representative tufa deposits in the Djerdap National Parkāthe first UNESCO Global Geopark in Serbia. The findings were designated through implementing the freshly upgraded methodologyāM-GAM-1-2 based on an early modified geosites assessment model (M-GAM). To overcome the limitations of the previous model, the authors implemented additional enhancements and involved members of the local community (residents and authorities) in the study to comprehensively evaluate the observed sites. The outcomes revealed that the attitudes of all stakeholders should be taken into consideration in order to develop geotourism properly, additionally attract visitors, and preserve tufa deposits for future generations of locals and visitors. Moreover, geotourism at the observed sites can be one of the vital activities of the population, as well as a type of compensation for various limitations in the development, which are imposed by the regimes of natural and cultural heritage protection within the recently established UNESCO Global Geopark
Physicochemical and sensory characteristics of promising plum (Prunus domestica L.) genotypes bred at fruit research institute, ÄaÄak
Five plum hybrids (38/62/70, IV/63/81, 32/21/87, 34/41/87 and 22/17/87) and newly released cultivar āNadaā, obtained by planned hybridisation and singled out within breeding programme at Fruit Research Institute, ÄaÄak, were assessed for the main physical (fruit and stone weight and flesh percentage), chemical (soluble solids content, total and inverted sugars content, sucrose content, total acids content, pH value of fruit juice, ratio of soluble solids and total acids content and ratio of total sugars and total acids content) and sensorial (attractiveness, taste, aroma and consistency) traits compared with the standard cultivar Ź»ÄaÄanska LepoticaŹ¼. Results showed that the studied plum genotypes differed significantly in all of the assessed traits. Regarding the physical features, the best results were shown by hybrid 38/62/70, which had the highest fruit weight (56.92 g) and flesh percentage (96.91%), as well as by the new cultivar āNadaā, for which a larger fruit was observed in comparison to the standard (45.54 g and 42.24 g, respectively). Also, āNadaā had better sensorial properties such as attractiveness, taste, aroma and consistency in relation to the other promising hybrids and the standard cultivar. From the aspect of all the studied sensorial characteristics, in addition to āNadaā, only hybrid 38/62/70 was aligned with the standard cultivar. Out of the studied genotypes, late ripening hybrid 22/17/87 had the best values of parameters of fruit chemical composition such as the soluble solids content (17.01%), total and inverted sugars contents (12.31% and 8.96%, respectively). The highest sucrose content (3.39%), pH value of fruit juice (3.51), as well as the highest ratio between soluble solids and total acids content (43.72) and ratio between total sugars and total acids content (32.58) were found in cultivar āNadaā. The highest total acids content (1.42%) was recorded in hybrid 32/21/87. Compared to Ź»ÄaÄanska LepoticaŹ¼, the same or better results in terms of the fruit chemical composition were determined in cultivar āNadaā and hybrids 34/41/87 and 22/17/87. The study revealed existence of significant correlations between individual studied parameters of the fruit physical, chemical and sensorial properties
āUrban geositesā as an alternative geotourism destination - evidence from Belgrade
The research aimed at testing the combination of GAM/M-GAM models (Geosite Assessment Model/Modified Geosite Assessment Model) on selected geoheritage sites (geosites) of great scientific significance and geotourism potential. Testing was done on eight sites in the City of Belgrade (Serbian capital), an area which has significant potential for geotourism development in typical urban conditions. For this purpose, an assessment scale was used to highlight differences and similarities between main and additional values of the observed geosites. The modification of the original GAM model is based on the inclusion of visitorsā opinions regarding the importance of indicators in the assessment process. The assessment was done by using both GAM/M-GAM and its results were analyzed and compared afterwards. The analysis has successfully identified locations and features of geosites that require action for maintaining or increasing their overall value and function. Moreover, the principal aim of the paper was to analyze the relevance of each sub-indicator for the assessment process by introducing the importance factor in the modified model. The authors were able to point out those values of principal importance for geosite visitors, as well as to attach a different relevance to sub-indicators, which can influence the position of the geosites in the GAM/M-GAM matrices
The influence of BA and BA+GA4+7 on formation of sylleptic shoots on one-year-old apple nursery trees
This study presents the influence of BA (6-benzyladenine) and BA+GA4+7
(6-benzyladenine + gibberellic acids 4 and 7) on feathering of one-year-old
apple trees of two cultivars Jonagold and Äadel. Different concentrations of
BA (300, 600, 1,200 and 1,800 mg L-1) and BA+GA4+7 (500, 1,000, 1,500 and
2,000 mg L-1) were applied, and two treatments for both chemicals were
performed. The first treatment was applied at 70-cm height of nursery trees
and the second 2 weeks later. Comparison was performed in relation to
untreated control. An application of BA and BA+GA4+7 did not affect both
rootstock and nursery tree diameter at 10 cm above the grafting union.
Nursery trees of cultivar Jonagold were not influenced by treatments applied,
whereas in cultivar Äadel, the treatment with BA+GA4+7 decreased apical
growth of nursery trees. The development of sylleptic shoots in both
cultivars tested was influenced by the type of growth regulator and
concentration applied. Treatment with BA at 300 mg L-1 concentration in both
cultivars tested did not influence total length and number of sylleptic
shoots, as well as the number of sylleptic shoots longer than 20 cm. The most
positive influence on all studied parameters was observed on nursery trees
treated with the concentration of 1,200 mg L-1 BA. The lowest concentration
of BA+GA4+7 (500 mg L-1) caused the low feathering of both studied cultivars.
The higher concentrations (1,000, 1,500 and 2,000 mg L-1) similarly increased
the number and total length of sylleptic shoots of nursery trees. [Projekat
Ministarstva nauke Republike Srbije, br. TR31063 i br. III46008
Unruptured retroperitoneal pregnancy implanted in the left broad ligament: A case report
Introduction. Retroperitoneal ectopic pregnancy is extremely rare, but potentially fatal condition due to possible massive hemorrhage, representing a great challenge to clinicians. Case report. We presented early retroperitoneal pregnancy in a patient with previous caesarean section, diagnosed at the sixth gestational week, located in the left broad ligament, primary treated by laparoscopy, which had to be converted to laparotomy due to massive intraoperative bleeding from the implantation site. Conclusion. High index of suspicion, combined with carefully interpreted clinical and ultrasound findings are crucial for the timely diagnosis of retroperitoneal pregnancy, before the occurrence of severe bleeding. The rising, even plateau of serum Ī²-human chorionic gonadotropin (Ī²-HCG) levels without identification of uterine or ectopic (tubal) pregnancy should cause suspicion on ectopic pregnancy in unusual location