5,093 research outputs found
KamLAND and Solar Antineutrino Spectrum
We use the recent KamLAND observations to predict the solar antineutrino
spectrum at some confidence limits. We find that a scaling of the antineutrino
probability with respect to the magnetic field profile --in the sense that the
same probability function can be reproduced by any profile with a suitable peak
field value-- can be utilised to obtain a general shape of the solar
antineutrino spectrum. This scaling and the upper bound on the solar
antineutrino event rate, that can be derived from the data, lead to: 1) an
upper bound on the solar antineutrino flux, 2) the prediction of their energy
spectrum, as the normalisation of the spectrum can be obtained from the total
number of antineutrino events recorded in the experiment. We get
or at 95% CL, assuming Gaussian or Poissonian statistics,
respectively. And for 90% CL these become and . It shows an
improvement by a factor of 3-5 with respect to existing bounds. These limits
are quite general and independent of the detailed structure of the magnetic
field in the solar interior.Comment: Based on talk given at NANP'03, JINR Dubna, Russia, June 2003. To be
published in "Physics of Atomic Nuclie
Scattering processes could distinguish Majorana from Dirac neutrinos
It is well known that Majorana neutrinos have a pure axial neutral current
interaction while Dirac neutrinos have the standard vector-axial interaction.
In spite of this crucial difference, usually Dirac neutrino processes differ
from Majorana processes by a term proportional to the neutrino mass, resulting
in almost unmeasurable observations of this difference. In the present work we
show that once the neutrino polarization evolution is considered, there are
clear differences between Dirac and Majorana scattering on electrons. The
change of polarization can be achieved in astrophysical environments with
strong magnetic fields. Furthermore, we show that in the case of unpolarized
neutrino scattering onto polarized electrons, this difference can be relevant
even for large values of the neutrino energy.Comment: 12 pages, 5 figure
Use of neural networks for the identification of new z>=3.6 QSOs from FIRST-SDSS DR5
We aim to obtain a complete sample of redshift > 3.6 radio QSOs from FIRST
sources having star-like counterparts in the SDSS DR5 photometric survey
(r<=20.2). We found that simple supervised neural networks, trained on sources
with SDSS spectra, and using optical photometry and radio data, are very
effective for identifying high-z QSOs without spectra. The technique yields a
completeness of 96 per cent and an efficiency of 62 per cent. Applying the
trained networks to 4415 sources without DR5 spectra we found 58 z>=3.6 QSO
candidates. We obtained spectra of 27 of them, and 17 are confirmed as high-z
QSOs. Spectra of 13 additional candidates from the literature and from SDSS DR6
revealed 7 more z>=3.6 QSOs, giving and overall efficiency of 60 per cent. None
of the non-candidates with spectra from NED or DR6 is a z>=3.6 QSO,
consistently with a high completeness. The initial sample of z>=3.6 QSOs is
increased from 52 to 76, i.e. by a factor 1.46. From the new identifications
and candidates we estimate an incompleteness of SDSS for the spectroscopic
classification of FIRST 3.6<=z<=4.6 QSOs of 15 percent for r<=20.2.Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures accepted for publication in MNRA
Muon anomalous magnetic moment in supersymmetric scenarios with an intermediate scale and nonuniversality
We analyze the anomalous magnetic moment of the muon (a_{\mu}) in
supersymmetric scenarios. First we concentrate on scenarios with universal soft
terms. We find that a moderate increase of a_{\mu} can be obtained by lowering
the unification scale M_{GUT} to intermediate values 10^{10-12} GeV. However,
large values of \tan \beta are still favored. Then we study the case of
non-universal soft terms. For the usual value M_{GUT}~10^{16} GeV, we obtain
a_{\mu} in the favored experimental range even for moderate \tan \beta regions
\tan\beta ~ 5$. Finally, we give an explicit example of these scenarios. In
particular, we show that in a D-brane model, where the string scale is
naturally of order 10^{10-12} GeV and the soft terms are non universal, a_{\mu}
is enhanced with low \tan\beta.Comment: Final version to appear in Phys. Rev. D. Conventions clarified,
results in the figures improve
A model for fermion masses and lepton mixing in SO(10) x A4
The discrete flavor symmetry A4 explains very well neutrino data at low
energy, but it seems difficult to extend it to grand unified models since in
general left-handed and right-handed fields belong to different A4
representations. Recently it has been proposed a model where all the fermions
equally transform under A4. We study here a concrete SO(10) realization of such
a model providing small neutrino masses through the seesaw mechanism. We fit at
tree level the charged fermion masses run up to the unification scale. Some
fermion masses properties come from the SO(10) symmetry while lepton mixing
angles are consequence of the A4 properties. Moreover, our model predicts the
absolute value of the neutrino masses, these ones are in the range .Comment: 15 pages. V2: Final version to appear in the journa
Initial Scales, Supersymmetric Dark Matter and Variations of Neutralino-Nucleon Cross Sections
The neutralino-nucleon cross section in the context of the MSSM with universal soft supersymmetry-breaking terms is compared with the limits from dark matter detectors. Our analysis is focussed on the stability of the corresponding cross sections with respect to variations of the initial scale for the running of the soft terms, finding that the smaller the scale is, the larger the cross sections become. For example, by taking GeV rather than , which is a more sensible election, in particular in the context of some superstring models, we find extensive regions in the parameter space with cross sections in the range of -- pb, i.e. where current dark matter experiments are sensitive. For instance, this can be obtained for \tan\beta\gsim 3
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