Epidemiological survey in oral health of the residents of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil

Introduction: The epidemiological surveys aim to evaluate the distribution and state determinants or events in health in given populations. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, referred oral morbidity, self-perception, and oral health of inhabitants of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil. Material and methods: The studyfollowed the statements of the World Health Organization and the Brazilian National Epidemiological Survey (SB Brazil 2010). Questionnaires were applied, and in the clinical examination the following data were collected: dental trauma, edentulism, fluorosis, caries in deciduous teeth (dmft), caries in permanent teeth (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Periodontal Insertion Index (LPII). The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, and expresses in frequency tables. Results: Of the 108 inhabitants, 90 participated in the study. The socioeconomics conditions unfavorable were: low income and low schooling. The water supplying was not fluoridated. The perception of oral problems was reported by 82.2%; 48.9% declared to have had toothache in last the six months; the reason of search for care was predominantly for curative treatments. Almost 30% of the participants declared to be unsatisfied with their oral health. The  values of DMFT and dmtf indexes were 13.9 and 1.2, respectively. The greater demand for maxillary prosthesis occurred in 39.7% of the sample, while 34.2% needed mandibular prosthesis. Conclusion: The oral diseases illnesses and need of treatment were evidenced in the sample, as well as risk factors that deserve attention of the public power.Introduction: The epidemiological surveys aim to evaluate the distribution and state determinants or events in health in given populations. Objective: To conduct an epidemiological survey on the socioeconomic condition, use of dental services, referred oral morbidity, self-perception, and oral health of inhabitants of the Teixeira Island, Paraná, Brazil. Material and methods: The studyfollowed the statements of the World Health Organization and the Brazilian National Epidemiological Survey (SB Brazil 2010). Questionnaires were applied, and in the clinical examination the following data were collected: dental trauma, edentulism, fluorosis, caries in deciduous teeth (dmft), caries in permanent teeth (DMFT), Community Periodontal Index (CPI) and Loss of Periodontal Insertion Index (LPII). The data were analyzed with Statistical Package for Social Sciences software, version 21.0, and expresses in frequency tables. Results: Of the 108 inhabitants, 90 participated in the study. The socioeconomics conditions unfavorable were: low income and low schooling. The water supplying was not fluoridated. The perception of oral problems was reported by 82.2%; 48.9% declared to have had toothache in last the six months; the reason of search for care was predominantly for curative treatments. Almost 30% of the participants declared to be unsatisfied with their oral health. The  values of DMFT and dmtf indexes were 13.9 and 1.2, respectively. The greater demand for maxillary prosthesis occurred in 39.7% of the sample, while 34.2% needed mandibular prosthesis. Conclusion: The oral diseases illnesses and need of treatment were evidenced in the sample, as well as risk factors that deserve attention of the public power

Capital social e acesso aos serviços de saúde em uma população de adultos

Objetivo: Investigou-se a associação entre capital social e acesso aos serviços de saúde geral e odontológica de moradores do Distrito Ferraria, Campo Largo, Brasil. Materiais e métodos: Participaram 373 adultos que responderam a um questionário contendo informações sociodemográficas, socioeconômicas e de hábitos. Definiu-se o capital social a partir das dimensões: confiança social, apoio social, controle social informal, eficácia política e ação social. O acesso aos serviços de saúde foi avaliado pelo atendimento médico nos últimos 30 dias e última visita ao dentista. Foram exploradas associações entre as variáveis explicativas e as referidas dimensões (Teste do Qui-quadrado), seguida da regressão logística multinominal. Resultados: Indivíduos com idade mais avançada, não fumantes e com melhor autopercepção da saúde geral buscaram mais serviço médico nos 30 dias anteriores à pesquisa. A visita ao dentista nos últimos seis meses esteve associada de modo significativo aos jovens, aos casados ou em união estável, e que autopercebem melhor a condição de saúde bucal. Quanto às dimensões do capital social, apenas a eficácia política na categoria moderada aumentou a chance de o respondente acessar o serviço médico. Conclusão: O acesso ao serviço médico foi influenciado pelo capital social por meio da eficácia política

Analysis of the association between lactotransferrin (LTF) gene polymorphism and dental caries

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the association between lactotransferrin (LTF) gene polymorphism (exon 2, A/G, Lys/Arg) and dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A convenience sample of 110 individuals, 12 years old, was divided into: group 1, 48 individuals without caries experience (DMFT=0), and group 2, 62 subjects with caries experience (DMFT>;1). DNA was obtained from a mouthwash with 3% glucose solution, followed by a scrapping of the oral mucosa. After DNA purification, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was performed to access the study polymorphism. The LTF A/G (Lys/Arg) polymorphism had been previously reported as located in exon 1. RESULTS: Allele 1 of the study polymorphism was associated with low DMFT index and showed a protective effect against caries experience (OR=0.16, IC=0.03-0.76, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lactotransferrin A/G (exon 2, Lys/Arg) polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to dental caries in 12-year-old students

Grau de satisfação entre os usuários de uma unidade básica de saúde no estado do Paraná, Brasil

AIMS: To evaluate the users' degree of satisfaction with the structure and services provided in a Basic Health Unit of the Public Health System.METHODS: This cross-sectional study included individuals aged ≥18 years, of both genders, individually interviewed from March to May 2018 at the Ferraria Basic Health Unit, Campo Largo, Paraná, Brazil. A structured questionnaire contained sociodemographic information and questions adapted from the instrument used in the National Health Services Evaluation Program, regarding satisfaction with the staff, waiting time and local physical structure. Descriptive analysis of the data was followed by the Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis, Chi-square and Poisson regression tests. Values of p<0.05 were considered statistically significant.RESULTS: The sample consisted of 373 users who met the inclusion criteria, of whom 72.9% were female, 82.8% were white race/skin color, 69.0% had low income and 36.4% had low schooling.The health team was the best evaluated item (73.3% of answers in the categories "very good" and "good"); and the waiting time for service was the worst evaluated item (61.5% of answers "bad" or "very poor"). In the bivariate analysis, the health team care was not associated with any independent variables. In the general evaluation of the establishment, the categories "very good/good", "regular", "bad" and "very bad" were evaluated respectively by 84 (27.4%), 128 (41.7%), 67 (21.8%) and 28 (9.1%) white users; and 22 (34.9%), 34 (54.0%), 7 (11.1%) and 0 (0.0%) non-white users (p=0.006). In the Poisson regression model, low schooling was associated with a 1.5 times greater chance of not knowing where to complain in case of poor care.CONCLUSIONS: The degree of satisfaction of the users of the Ferraria Basic Health Unit was influenced by factors such as race/skin color, income and schooling. Non-white users expressed a higher degree of satisfaction than white users. Users with low schooling knew less where to complain if service was not satisfactory. Although the evaluation was generally positive, some items were identified as unsatisfactory, deserving corrective measures.OBJETIVOS: Avaliar o grau de satisfação dos usuários com a estrutura e os serviços prestados em uma unidade básica do Sistema Único de Saúde.MÉTODOS: Este estudo transversal incluiu indivíduos com idade ≥18 anos, de ambos os gêneros, entrevistados individualmente de março a maio de 2018 na unidade básica de saúde Ferraria, em Campo Largo, Paraná, Brasil. Um questionário estruturado continha informações sociodemográficas e questões adaptadas do instrumento utilizado no Programa Nacional de Avaliação de Serviços de Saúde, acerca da satisfação com a equipe, tempo de espera e estrutura física local. A análise descritiva dos dados foi seguida dos testes U de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, Qui-quadrado e regressão de Poisson, considerando como significativo p<0,05.RESULTADOS: A amostra foi constituída por 373 usuários que atenderam aos critérios de inclusão, sendo 72,9% do gênero feminino, 82,8% de raça/cor da pele branca, 69,0% com baixa renda e 36,4% com baixa escolaridade. A equipe de saúde foi o item melhor avaliado (73,3% das respostas nas categorias "muito bom" e "bom"); e o tempo de espera para o atendimento foi o item pior avaliado (61,5% "ruim" ou "muito ruim"). Na análise bivariada o atendimento da equipe de saúde não foi associado a nenhuma variável independente. Na avaliação geral do estabelecimento, as categorias "muito bom/bom", "regular", "ruim" e "muito ruim" foram avaliadas respectivamente por 84 (27,4%), 128 (41,7%), 67 (21,8%) e 28 (9,1%) brancos; e 22 (34,9%), 34 (54,0%), 7 (11,1%) e 0 (0,0%) não brancos (p=0,006). No modelo de regressão de Poisson, a baixa escolaridade foi associada a uma chance 1,5 vezes maior de não saber onde reclamar em caso de mau atendimento.CONCLUSÕES: O grau de satisfação dos usuários da unidade básica de saúde Ferraria foi influenciado por fatores como raça/cor da pele e escolaridade. Os usuários não brancos expressaram um grau de satisfação maior do que os usuários brancos; e aqueles com baixa escolaridade sabiam menos onde reclamar caso o atendimento não fosse satisfatório. Apesar da avaliação em geral ter sido positiva, alguns quesitos foram identificados como não satisfatórios, merecendo medidas corretivas

Analysis of the association between lactotransferrin (LTF) gene polymorphism and dental caries

OBJECTIVE: The present study evaluated the association between lactotransferrin (LTF) gene polymorphism (exon 2, A/G, Lys/Arg) and dental caries. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A convenience sample of 110 individuals, 12 years old, was divided into: group 1, 48 individuals without caries experience (DMFT=0), and group 2, 62 subjects with caries experience (DMFT>1). DNA was obtained from a mouthwash with 3% glucose solution, followed by a scrapping of the oral mucosa. After DNA purification, polymerase chain reaction (PCR), single strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) was performed to access the study polymorphism. The LTF A/G (Lys/Arg) polymorphism had been previously reported as located in exon 1. RESULTS: Allele 1 of the study polymorphism was associated with low DMFT index and showed a protective effect against caries experience (OR=0.16, IC=0.03-0.76, p=0.01). CONCLUSIONS: Lactotransferrin A/G (exon 2, Lys/Arg) polymorphism was associated with susceptibility to dental caries in 12-year-old students