Thalassemia: essential radiographic and clinical features of interest to dentistry

Thalassemia is a type of hereditary anemia that predominantly affects individuals born in or descendents of countries bathed by the Mediterranean Sea, such as Italy and Greece. Also known as Cooley’s anemia and Mediterranean anemia, the disease causes alterations in hemoglobin formation and malformations of the cranium, long bones, maxilla and mandible. It presents two distinct clinical conditions: one severe, called “major” thalassemia, and the other mild, denominated “minor” thassalemia. Hematologic exam diagnoses the two forms of the disease. Its clinical and radiographic manifestations include hepatosplenomegalia, lymphadenopathy, augmented mandible, increase in medullary spaces, thick bone trabeculae and in lower quantity, resembling a “spider web”, displacement of the mandibular canal, with loss of detail of its superior and inferior corticals and a radiographic aspect of “hair standing on end” at the surface of the cranium. Some of these manifestations are so characteristic and capable of being observed in radiographs that they form part of the dentist’s routine. This case report discusses the alterations observed in the panoramic radiograph of a patient with thalassemia diagnosed by means of hematologic exam

ANÁLISE DE CRESCIMENTO DA CULTIVAR DE FEIJÃO BR IPAGRO 44 GUAPO BRILHANTE CULTIVADA NA SAFRINHA EM QUATRO DENSIDADES DE SEMEADURA EM SANTA MARIA-RS

Common bean cultivar BR-IPAGRO 44 Guapo Brilhante, type II, was grown during the summer season of 2001 in Santa Maria-RS, in four plant populations (200, 300, 400, and 500 thousand plants ha-1) with the objective of observing the behavior of some physiological traits, through the growth analysis technique. The experimental design was a randomized complete block, with four replications. Dry matter accumulation tended to be the same sometime among the populations. Leaf Area Index (LAI) and Net Assimilation Rate (NAR) were inversely related, but not at the same magnitude. The increase of plant density causes a thinner and denser leaf layer at the upper part of the canopy.A cultivar de feijoeiro comum BR- IPAGRO 44 Guapo brilhante, tipo II, foi cultivada durante a safrinha de 2001 em Santa Maria - RS, em quatro populações de plantas (200, 300, 400 e 500 mil plantas ha-1) com o objetivo de observar variações no comportamento de algumas características morfofisiológicas, por meio da análise de crescimento. O delineamento experimental utilizado foi o de blocos ao acaso com quatro repetições. Foi observado que o acúmulo de matéria seca tende a ser igual para as populações, em algum momento do ciclo da cultura. O comportamento do Índice de Área Foliar (IAF) e Taxa de Assimilação Liquida (TAL) são inversamente proporcionais, mas não na mesma magnitude. O aumento da densidade causa a formação de uma camada mais fina e mais densa de folhas na parte superior do dossel

Embedding Pulmonary Rehabilitation for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease in the Home and Community Setting: A Rapid Review

This paper presents a rapid review of the literature for the components, benefits, barriers, and facilitators of pulmonary rehabilitation for chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) people in-home and community-based settings. seventy-six studies were included: 57 home-based pulmonary rehabilitation (HBPR) studies and 19 community-based pulmonary rehabilitation (CBPR) studies. The benefits of HBPR on exercise capacity and health-related quality of life were observed in one-group studies, studies comparing HBPR to usual care, and studies comparing to hospital-based pulmonary rehabilitation, although the benefits were less pronounced in the latter. HBPR reduced hospital admissions compared to usual care and was more cost-effective than hospital pulmonary rehabilitation. Most HBPRs were designed with low-density or customized equipment, are minimally supervised, and have a low intensity of training. Although the HBPR has flexibility and no travel burden, participants with severe disease, physical frailty, and complex comorbidities had barriers to complying with HBPR. The telerehabilitation program, a facilitator for HBPR, is feasible and safe. CBPR was offered in-person supervision, despite being limited to physical therapists in most studies. Benefits in exercise capacity were shown in almost all studies, but the improvement in health-related quality of life was controversial. Patients reported the benefits that facilities where they attended the CBPR including social support and the presence of an instructor. They also reported barriers, such as poor physical condition, transport difficulties, and family commitments. Despite the minimal infrastructure offered, HBPR and CBPR are feasible, safe, and provide clinical benefits to patients with COPD. Home and community settings are excellent opportunities to expand the offer of pulmonary rehabilitation programs, as long as they follow protocols that ensure quality and safety following current guidelines

Efeitos da estimulação tatil-cinestésica e vestibular no recém-nascido de baixo peso e avaliação da melhor técnica: uma revisão sistemática e metanálise / Effects of tactile-kinesthetic and vestibular stimulation in low weight newborns and evaluation of best technique: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Durante anos a prematuridade tem se tornado um grande desafio dentro das Unidades de Terapia Intensiva Neonatal (UTIN), pois afeta o desenvolvimento e crescimento dos recém-nascidos (RN) decorrendo de deficiências que começariam a assumir funções normais para sua idade. A estimulação precoce tem como objetivo, devolver ao RN, seu desenvolvimento perfeito ou chegar o mais próximo da normalidade, utilizando condutas especificas, pois logo após o nascimento o cérebro apresenta uma intensa neuroplasticidade. A estimulação tátil-cinestésica proporciona ao RNPTBP, ganho de peso diário e redução do tempo de internação, pois para o recém-nascido a estimulação tátil nos seus primeiros dias de vida é maior do que qualquer outro estímulo sensorial. O objetivo do presente trabalho, foi analisar os efeitos da técnica de estimulação tátil-cinestésica com os efeitos da estimulação vestibular no recém-nascido pré-termo de baixo peso, para fazer uma comparação sobre qual será a melhor para ser aplicada no RNPTBP dentro da UTIN. Este estudo foi realizado de acordo com as recomendações dos relatórios de análises sistemáticas e metanálises (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta- analyses PRISMA). Foram realizadas buscas nas seguintes bases de dados: LiLASC, SCOPUS, PUBMED, PEDro, MEDLINE, Web of Science; Cochrane Libary e Google Scholar. Os períodos abrangidos da pesquisa foram a partir do ano de 2.015 até o ano de 2020. Com base nas análises realizadas neste presente estudo é incontestável que a assistência à neonatos devem ser realizada de forma criteriosa e atenta as necessidades individuais de cada um, pois se essa assistência for prestada de forma inadequada, omissa, e deficiente ao recém-nascido, principalmente em condição prematura e de baixo peso, devido ao seu alto grau de vulnerabilidade, poderá acarretar sérias consequências em seu desenvolvimento que influenciará, por toda a sua vida

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio