Beach Nourishment: A 21st Century Review

Long-term erosion is experienced by most of the coastlines worldwide, and it is usually attributed not only to sea level rise but also to the retention of sand in dams, the occupation of dry beaches by urbanized areas, the disturbance of the natural patterns of longshore drift, the mining of sand as building material for construction, and so on. Beach nourishment has evolved as the favored erosion-mitigation strategy in many areas of the world. The increasing number of people living on the coast, the safety of those people, and the high values of coastal property are all factors that have made beach nourishment a cost-effective strategy for managing erosion in many locations. However, a new scenario of sand scarcity and environmental care has arisen in recent decades. There have been a number of different and interesting cases of various aspects of beach nourishment in the last years. The purpose of this Special Issue has been to publish the different experiences and research related to this topic. After a careful review process, nine papers were included. Their thematic contributions include the use of field methods such as the use of remotely piloted aircraft systems (RPAS) or un-manned aerial vehicles (UAV) for faster and automated mapping of the coastal area or the acquisition of geomagnetic data in marine environments; the use of multi-approach methodologies to assess the interaction between coastal structures and beaches and in particular of submerged pipelines; the need to adopt a plan for the optimal use of limited resources of available sediment from a regional perspective and the assessment of the effectiveness of beach nourishments; the understanding of the role of submerged geological control of beach profiles together with the implementation of innovative beach nourishment strategies while facing the non-trivial challenge of visualizing and communicating mesoscale modeling assumptions, uncertainties and outcomes to both coastal specialists and decision makers; and the influence of sea-level rise and erosion on diminution of beach habitats

Single-parent families, educational gradient, and child deprivation: The cases of Italy and Spain

Producción CientíficaThis work examines whether the increase of single parenthood in Italy and Spain, specifically amongst women in an unfavourable socioeconomic position, has repercussions for child well-being, understood here as material deprivation. In particular, our main objective is to analyse the possible differential impact of single parenthood on children’s material deprivation in relation to mothers’ level of education. Using the 2014 EU-SILC Module on material deprivation, we identify five areas of child deprivation based on the EU-MODA approach: nutrition, clothing, education, leisure, and social life. In the case of Italy, our main results indicate that, compared to children from two-parent households, children of single mothers with a low level of education have a higher risk of nutrition and clothing deprivation. In Spain, living in a single-parent household is associated with a higher risk of deprivation in terms of social life for those children whose mothers do not have a high level of education. Therefore, the findings suggest that in both countries the growth of single parenthood amongst women with a lower educational level may have an impact on child well-being inequality. This article contributes empirical data to the growing literature on the rise of child poverty in Southern European countries.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (RTI2018-099666-B-I00)Publicación en abierto financiada por el Consorcio de Bibliotecas Universitarias de Castilla y León (BUCLE), con cargo al Programa Operativo 2014ES16RFOP009 FEDER 2014-2020 DE CASTILLA Y LEÓN, Actuación:20007-CL - Apoyo Consorcio BUCL

Aquatic Perceived Competence Analysis in Children: Development and Preliminary Validation of a Pictorial Scale

The aim of this study was to develop and validate a scale for measuring perceived motor of children in the water (also known as aquatic perceived competence). One hundred boys and girls four and five years old took part in the study and were given a picture questionnaire featuring a series of images of children engaged in a variety of water tasks. Factor analyses were conducted to test whether the ten-item scale is made up of two major dimensions, the first of them referring to willingness (predisposition or attitudes of the children towards water) and the second to the perceived skill competence in water. This instrument was shown to have suitable psychometric properties both on the overall scale (α = .92) and on the two sub-scales: willingness (α = .93) and motor capability (α = .85), with the eldest participants registering the highest values. The Aquatic Perceived Competence Pictorial Scale (APCPS) for children is recommended as an instrument of use to researchers and swimming instructors to use for assessing the aquatic perceived competence of their students

Legislación colombiana vigente acerca de garantías de seguridad personal para personas desmovilizadas de grupos armados ilegales

Con la presente investigación, se pretende hacer un aporte a la comunidad académica en general, a los gestores de paz, a las ramas ejecutiva, legislativa y judicial del Estado colombiano, con el fin de propiciar una negociación de paz más efectiva, justa con los integrantes de base de los grupos armados ilegales desmovilizados, que se pueda ver reflejada en la consecución de una paz real y duradera que propicie el desarrollo económico y una mejor calidad de vida de la sociedad colombiana

Conformation of the andalusian identity from the discourse. The journal Andalucía during its period of publication in Seville (1916-1917)

La consolidación de la prensa como medio de difusión de ideas y programas políticos durante las primeras décadas del siglo XX verifica la capacidad de las fuentes hemerográficas para estudiar la construcción de identidades políticas. Así sucede con la revista Andalucía, órgano de expresión andalucista durante la etapa regionalista/nacionalista del andalucismo histórico (1915/1919-1930). Este trabajo pretende aplicar el análisis crítico del discurso (ACD) elaborado por Van Dijk a Andalucía coincidiendo con su etapa de publicación en Sevilla (1916-1917). Partiendo de la bibliografía consolidada y el paradigma historiográfico del giro lingüístico, se examina la construcción de la identidad andalucista durante el epílogo de la Restauración (1898-1930), caracterizado, entre otros aspectos, por el surgimiento de los regionalismos y nacionalismos en determinados rincones de la geografía española. Desde esta perspectiva, se asiste a una aproximación distinta acerca de lo escrito sobre el andalucismo histórico, cuyo discurso reflejado en la prensa histórica indica una ideología conformada a partir de la interacción de distintas identidades que definen a lo andaluzThe consolidation of the press as a means of disseminating political ideas and programmes during the first decades of the 20th century verifies the capacity of newspaper sources to study the construction of political identities. This is the case of the journal Andalucía, an organ of Andalusians expression during the regionalist/nationalist stage of historical Andalusianism (1915/1919-1930). This paper aims to apply Van Dijk´s critical discourse analysis (CDA) to Andalucía coinciding with its period of publication in Seville (1916-1917). Based on the consolidated bibliography and the historiographical paradigm of the linguistic turn, it examines the construction of Andalusian identity during the epilogue of Restoration (1898- 1930), characterised, among other aspects, by the emergence of regionalisms and nationalisms in certain parts of Spain. From this perspective, we are witnessing a different approach to what is written about historical Andalusianism, whose discourse reflected in the historical press indicates an ideology shaped by the interaction of different identities that define Andalusiannes