Effects of an elementary two way bilingual Spanish-English immersion school program on junior high and high school student achievement

2014 Spring.This study explores the effects of a Two-Way Bilingual Immersion (TWBI) program on language majority and minority students. The fundamental hypothesis was that the process of receiving instruction in two languages (English and Spanish) throughout elementary school (i.e., attendance at a TWBI school) would help the native Spanish-speaking students and not have a negative effect on the native English-speaking students in the performance of core academic areas (reading, mathematics, writing), and that this beneficial effect would carry through Junior High and High School in which instruction was delivered through a "business as usual" English-only model. This is a longitudinal quasi-experimental study with an ex post facto, non-randomized, matched-pairs design. A multi-level matching procedure was used to match students from the TWBI elementary school (treatment group) with comparable students from throughout the school district (control group) beginning in third grade. Eleven annual cohorts of students from the treatment school were matched on a student-by-student basis on seven variables - cohort year, student's primary language, years of enrollment in the program, ethnicity, gender, socioeconomic status, and 3rd grade performance - with comparable students from within the school district. These eleven cohorts of 3rd graders were then tracked to the end of elementary school, middle and high school and measured on their reading, writing, and math achievement scores at each year. ACT scores were also collected in 11th grade. We found that students who graduated from the TWBI program had significantly higher CSAP reading, writing and math scores at the end of their elementary school when compared with their matched pairs. We also observed a consistent main effect on program type over time across all three outcome domains, indicating the strength and breadth of the intervention across Junior High and High School. Native Spanish-speaking students who graduated from the TWBI program achieved significantly better in reading and math, and somewhat better in writing across Junior High through 10th grade than the matched control group. Native English-speaking students who graduated from the treatment program achieved as well as their matched counter parts in writing and math across Junior High through 10th. Furthermore, in the reading area, native English-speaking students who graduated from the treatment program achieved significantly better than their matched controls. We found that the overall program main effect was small in all three CSAP areas (reading, writing, and math), with at least three interesting trends. First, effect sizes (ESs) tended to be higher for native Spanish-speaking than for native English-speaking students in all three domains, and especially in grades 8, 9 and 10. Second, ESs tended to get bigger for native Spanish-speaking students and smaller for native English-speaking students across Junior High and High School (time) in all three domains. Third, ESs for native Spanish-speaking students in math were the biggest ones at each grade level, with only the exception of 9th grade. Also, math ESs for Spanish-speaking students were bigger than reading and writing ESs for this language group. ESs for native Spanish-speaking students in math were bigger than all ESs for English-speaking students. The treatment program had its biggest effect in the math area for native Spanish-speaking students. Results also indicate that all students who attended the TWBI program performed better in ACT English, reading, and math scores when compared with their matched pairs. ACT Reading scores were significantly higher for native Spanish-speaking students than for their matched pairs (d = .72), but this was not the case for English, math and science. Native English-speaking students from the treatment group performed equal to or better than their matched counterparts. Furthermore, students from the treatment program obtained mean ACT scores significantly higher than the control group in English (d = .28), reading (d = .36), and math (d = .35) but not science (d = .22). Effect sizes were medium and large for native Spanish-speaking students in English and Reading while they were small to medium for native English-speaking students in these areas, a pattern that is similar to the one that was observed in grades 6 to 10. Findings suggest consistent support for the two-way immersion program over matched control students across all three achievement areas in Junior High and in three of the four areas evaluated in High School. It appears the greatest effect for native English speakers may be in reading, while native Spanish speakers may benefit more in writing and mathematics. Limitations to generalizability and causal inferences due to the small sample sizes and inherent weaknesses of the research design are noted. The analysis of attrition revealed that native Spanish speakers from the TWBI program were more likely to stay in the school district than native Spanish speakers from other programs. This was an unexpected but important finding. It could be possible that native Spanish speakers who attended the TWBI program received the benefits of a coherent and theory-based program that successfully helped them improve their academic achievement and allowed them to pursue and navigate their secondary level of instruction

El Movimiento Animalista en Costa Rica y la lucha por la ley para penalizar el maltrato animal : oportunidades y representaciones simbólicas

Entre 2015 y 2017 Costa Rica vivió un ciclo de movilizaciones en favor de causas animalistas, la mayoría tenía por intención presionar para aprobar una ley que penalizara el maltrato hacia los animales con énfasis en las mascotas. En este texto se busca generar un análisis del Movimiento Animalista en Costa Rica centrado en la coyuntura de la lucha por la ley para penalizar el maltrato animal, dado que no existen investigaciones previas al respecto. El artículo se divide en siete acápites: la introducción, una recopilación histórica, tres secciones dedicadas a las teorías abordadas -teoría de nuevos movimientos sociales, estudios de fronteras simbólicas y teorías de performatividad-, luego se presenta el análisis y se finaliza con las conclusiones. Se parte de un estudio de caso con base en la revisión documental de libros y artículos académicos, que se ha complementado con entrevistas semiabiertas a activistas que han ocupado posiciones de liderazgo. Fueron identificadas las principales oportunidades que le permitieron a los liderazgos bienestaristas llevar la lucha por la ley contra el maltrato animal hasta su aprobación efectiva. Se identificaron sus motivaciones y las representaciones simbólicas que hicieron de estas, al tiempo que se hizo un esbozo inicial de los mismos elementos por parte de los sectores abolicionistas. La constitución del Movimiento Animalista giró en torno a la lucha por la obtención de la ley para penalizar el maltrato hacia los animales, lo cual refleja una predilección por la vía institucional. Los grupos abolicionistas son los que pueden reactivar el Movimiento luego de la aprobación de la ley, y las organizaciones bienestaristas han de ofrecerles su guía sin actitudes paternalistas, a la vez que deberán presionar al Estado para hacer cumplir la Ley N°9458 en medio de un ambiente político marcado por la austeridad fiscal.Between 2015 and 2017, Costa Rica witnessed a period of mobilizations in favour of animal causes, most of which were directed towards passing a law to penalize animal abuse, with an emphasis on pets. This research seeks to produce an analysis of the Costa Rican Animal Movement focused on the circumstances of the struggle for the law against animal abuse, given that it has never before been investigated. The article is divided into seven parts: the introduction, a historical summary, three sections for the theories being addressed - the new social movements theory, the studies on symbolic boundaries, and theories on performativity -, the analysis, and finally, the conclusions. It is based on a case study involving a documentary review of academic books and articles, which has been supplemented with semi-structured interviews with activists that have held leadership positions. It identifies the main opportunities that allowed welfarist leaderships to bring the struggle for the law against animal abuse to effective approval. It identifies their motives and the symbolic representations made of them at the time when an initial outline of these elements was made about the abolitionist sectors. The formation of the Animal Movement revolves around the struggle for obtaining the law to penalize animal abuse, reflecting a preference for institutional means. Abolitionist groups are those that can revive the movement following the passing of the law, and welfarist organisations must offer guidance in a non-paternalistic way, while at the same time pressure the state to enforce Law N°9458 amid a political environment troubled by fiscal austerity

Characterizing the continuum in Narrow Line Seyfert 1 galaxies

Fil: Oio, Gabriel. Conicet. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Fil: Vega Neme, Luis. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Ferreiro, Diego. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Observatorio Astronómico de Córdoba; Argentina.Fil: Ferreiro, Diego. Conicet. Instituto de Astronomía Teórica y Experimental; Argentina.Abstract: Narrow Line Seyfert 1 (NLS1) active galactic nuclei (AGN) are a subclass of AGN with Seyfert 1 characteristics but without prominent broad lines. In this work we approach the determination of the non-stellar continuum using the spectral synthesis technique. We chose a sample of 130 NLS1 available in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS). This sample comprehend all the objects of such class catalogued on the local universe (z<0.1). With this method we determined (a) central black hole masses, (b) accretion rates, (c) electronic densities in the narrow line region. We found and analyzed possible relations between this parameters.http://adsabs.harvard.edu/abs/2014RMxAC..44..194OpublishedVersionAstronomía (incluye Astrofísica y Ciencias del Espacio

Testing mixed-signal cores: a practical oscillation-based test in an analog macrocell

A formal set of design decisions can aid in using oscillation-based test (OBT) for analog subsystems in SoCs. The goal is to offer designers testing options that do not have significant area overhead, performance degradation, or test time. This work shows that OBT is a potential candidate for IP providers to use in combination with functional test techniques. We have shown how to modify the basic concept of OBT to come up with a practical method. Using our approach, designers can use OBT to pave the way for future developments in SoC testing, and it is simple to extend this idea to BIST.European Union 2635

Currículo y aseguramiento de la calidad en la educación superior

174 p. Recurso ElectrónicoEl presente libro titulado Currículo y aseguramiento de la calidad en la educación superior, es el resultado del Proyecto de Investigación denominado: El currículo en las políticas de aseguramiento de la calidad de la educación superior en América Latina. Estudio de caso: Colombia, Chile. Costa Rica y México, de la Línea de Investigación en Currículo y Universidad del Grupo de Investi gación en Currículo, Universidad y Sociedad de la Universidad del Tolima.Los capítulos están confi gurados a través de la metodología de análisis de contenido complementado con la emergencia y construcción conceptual basada en la teoría fundamentada, así como con el apoyo de investigaciones realizadas por el propio grupo de investigación además de los desarrollos académicos de diversos autores tanto nacionales como internacionales especialmente en el ámbito latinoamericano

On-chip evaluation of oscillation-based-test output signals for switched-capacitor circuits

This work presents a simple and low-cost method for on-chip evaluation of test signals coming from the application of the Oscillation-Based-Test (OBT) technique. This method extracts the main test signal features (amplitude, frequency and DC level) in the digital domain requiring just a very simple and robust circuitry. Experimental results obtained from an integrated chip demonstrate the feasibility of the approac

Is energy intensity a driver of structural change? Empirical evidence from the global economy

Producción CientíficaInput–output tables (IOTs) provide a relevant picture of economic structure as they represent the composition and interindustry relationships of an economy. The technical coefficients matrix (A matrix) is considered to capture the technological status of an economy; so, it is of special relevance for the evaluation of long-term, structural transformations, such as sustainability transitions in integrated assessment models (IAMs). The A matrix has typically been considered either static or exogenous. Endogenous structural change has rarely been applied to models. The objective of this paper is to analyze energy intensity, a widely used variable in IAMs, and its role as a driver of structural change. We therefore identify the most relevant technical coefficients in the IOTs time series and estimate an econometric model based on the energy intensity of five different final end-use energy sources. The results of this analysis show that energy intensity has a significant influence on the evolution of the A matrix and should therefore be taken into consideration when analyzing endogenous structural change in models.Ministerio de Asuntos Económicos y Transformación Digital, project MODESLOW (grant ECO2017-85110-R)European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program. Project “Low Carbon society: An enhanced modelling tool for the transition to sustainability (LOCOMOTION) grant award H2020-LC-CLA-01-2018, n. 82110

Influencia de las estrategias de marketing digital en el comportamiento de compra de comida rápida en la empresa KFC en la zona de Lima Centro en tiempos de COVID-19

La presente investigación tiene como objetivo identificar cuál de las estrategias de marketing digital empleadas por Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) es la que está teniendo mayor impacto en la decisión de compra de los consumidores considerando el entorno actual de la pandemia del COVID-19. Se tomará en cuenta para este estudio el email marketing y el marketing de redes sociales. Se propone determinar cuál es la estrategia de marketing digital con un mayor grado de influencia en la decisión de compra de los clientes de la empresa KFC en la zona de Lima Centro durante los tiempos de COVID-19. El enfoque con el cuál se ha diseñado la investigación es de tipo Cuantitativo, teniendo un alcance transeccional correlacional y un diseño no experimental. El instrumento empleado para establecer la validez de las hipótesis fue una encuesta aplicada a una muestra de 196 personas entre hombres y mujeres que se encuentren entre el rango de edad de 18 a 30 años y que residan en los distritos perteneciendo a la zona de Lima Centro. Luego del análisis de los resultados obtenidos del instrumento se puede concluir que la estrategia de marketing digital que tiene un mayor grado de influencia en la decisión de compra de los clientes es el marketing de redes sociales, representados por un 87.5% del total de encuestados.The present research aims to identify which of the digital marketing strategies used by Kentucky Fried Chicken (KFC) is the one that is having the greatest impact on the purchase decision of consumers considering the current environment of the COVID-19 pandemic. Email marketing and social media marketing will be taken into account for this study. It is proposed to determine which is the digital marketing strategy with a greater degree of influence on the purchase decision of the customers of the KFC company in the Central Lima area during the times of COVID-19. The approach with which the research has been designed is Quantitative, having a correlational transectional scope and a non-experimental design. The instrument used to establish the validity of the hypotheses was a survey applied to a sample of 196 people between men and women who are between the age range of 18 to 30 years and who reside in the districts belonging to the Central Lima area. After analyzing the results obtained from the instrument, it is concluded that the digital marketing strategy with the most degree of influence on the purchase decision of customers is social media marketing, with 87.5% of the respondents indicating this

Métodos de medición de la presión arterial.

La hipertensión arterial es una de las enfermedades más prevalentes a nivel mundial, por lo cual es una de los padecimientos con más estudios realizados para su conocimiento en la epidemiología, fisiopatología y sus riesgos asociados. Es fundamental que todo personal que trabaje en el ámbito de la salud tenga conocimiento básico de esta patología. En la actualidad hay cuatro maneras de medir la presión arterial (PA), dos de ellas es durante la consulta médica y las otras dos no se asocian en el momento de la visita médica. Cada una ellas tienen sus beneficios y sus desventajas, incluso se pueden complementar, lo más importante es saber cuándo utilizar un método u otro dependiendo de la situación y el paciente que estemos valorando

Estrategias de Marketing Digital en los clientes del restaurante Pitahaya Andean Lounge, distrito de Miraflores, Lima, 2021

El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo general percibir las estrategias de marketing digital en los clientes del restaurante Pitahaya Andean Lounge, distrito de Miraflores, Lima, 2021. La teoría de las 4F del Marketing Digital fundamento este estudio, la cual busca ayudar a que las metas trazadas por una entidad logren ser alcanzadas a través de las ventas. La metodología que se trabajó para alcanzar el objetivo del presente estudio fue el enfoque cuantitativo de nivel descriptivo simple, tipo aplicada y diseño no experimental. El estudio determinó que las estrategias de marketing digital en los clientes del restaurante Pitahaya Andean Lounge, ubicado en el distrito de Miraflores, con un método estadístico de la media aritmética obtuvo como resultado un 100% en cuanto a su variable. De igual manera se evidenció un alto nivel de percepción en cuanto al Flujo de Información de 55,8%, la Funcionalidad presentó un alto nivel de percepción de 81,7%, Feedback mostró un mediano nivel de percepción de 86,7% y en cuanto a la fidelización mostró un alto nivel de percepción del 100% mediante las estrategias del marketing digital