El Magdaleniense Superior/Final en el País Vasco.

El tardiglaciar würmiense conoce en Euskal-Herria una ocupación, relativamente intensa, de grupos cazadores - recolectores, que habitan cuevas y abrigos naturales próximos a la costa y situados en alturas no superiores a los 350 m., desarrollando la cultura Magdaleniense en sus fases superior y final. Santimamiñe, Lumentxa, Urtiaga, Ekain, Aitzbitarte IV, Isturitz y Berroberria, son algunos de los yacimientos más importantes tanto por la potencia de los rellenos estratigráficos que contienen, como por la riqueza y variedad de sus equipamientos industriales. Los útiles más característicos son los buriles, que se cuentan en mayor número que los raspadores, y las laminillas y puntas de borde abatido. Los arpones, de una o dos hileras de dientes, son la principal innovación en el utillaje óseo, que conserva tipos heredados de períodos anteriores: azagayas, varillas, agujas y punzones. El arte rupestre sufre una recesión con respecto al Magdaleniense inferior y medio, aunque pueden admirarse espléndidas obras de arte mueble, como el hueso de Torre (Oiartzun, Gipuzkoa) o la plaqueta con caballos grabados de Lumentxa (Lekeitio, Bizkaia)

VLT/VIMOS integral field spectroscopy of luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies: 2D kinematic properties

We present and discuss the 2D kinematic properties of the ionized gas (Halpha) in a sample of 38 local (ultra) luminous infrared galaxies [(U)LIRGs] (31 LIRGs and 7 ULIRGs) observed with VIMOS at the VLT using integral field spectroscopy. This sample covers well the less studied LIRG luminosity range and includes isolated disks, interacting systems, and mergers. The majority of the galaxies have two main kinematically distinct components. One component (i.e., narrow or systemic) extends over the whole line-emitting region and is characterized by small to intermediate velocity dispersions (i.e., sigma from 30 to 160 km s^-1). It traces the overall velocity field. The second component (broad) has in general a larger velocity dispersion (up to 320 km s^-1), mainly found in the inner regions and generally blueshifted with respect to the systemic component. Most of the objects (76%) are dominated by rotation, more relevant in LIRGs than in ULIRGs. Isolated disks, interacting galaxies, and merging systems define a sequence of increasing mean velocity dispersion, and decreasing velocity field amplitude.The LIRGs classified as isolated disks have similar velocity amplitudes but larger mean velocity dispersions (44 vs. 24 km s^-1) than local spirals, implying a larger turbulence and thicker disks. Interacting systems and mergers have values closer to those of low velocity dispersion ellipticals/lenticular galaxies (E/SOs). The (U)LIRGs classified as mergers have kinematic properties similar to those shown by the Lyman break analogs (LBAs). The dynamical masses range from \sim 0.04 m* to 1.4 m* (i.e., m* = 1.4x10^{11} Msun), with ULIRGs (M{dyn} sim 0.5 +/- 0.2 m*) being more massive than LIRGs by, on average, a factor of about 2. The mass ratio of individual pre-coalescence galaxies is <2.5 for most of the systems, confirming that most (U)LIRG mergers involve sub-m* galaxies of similar mass.Comment: 66 pages, 5 figures plus 45 figures in App. A; accepted for publication in A&

MATLAB. Introducción a las operaciones con matrices

Guía básica para operar con MATLAB y realizar operaciones con matrice

Ajustes de modelos y operaciones con matrices en EXCEL

Se muestran algunas utilidades de las hojas de cálculo de Excel para ajustar series de datos a modelos matemáticos sencillos y cómo utilizar modelos matriciales con esta misma finalidad

Ionized gas outflows and global kinematics of low-z luminous star forming galaxies

We study the kinematic properties of the ambient ionized ISM and ionized gas outflows in a large and representative sample of local luminous and ultraluminous infrared galaxies (U/LIRGs) (58 systems, 75 galaxies), on the basis of integral field spectroscopy (IFS)-based high S/N integrated spectra at galactic and sub-galactic, i.e. star forming (SF) clumps, scales. Ambient ionized gas. The velocity dispersion of the ionized ISM in U/LIRGs ( ~ 70 kms-1) is larger than in lower luminosity local star forming galaxies ( ~ 25 kms-1). While for isolated disc LIRGs star formation appears to sustain turbulence, gravitational energy release associated to interactions and mergers plays an important role driving sigma in the U/LIRG range. We also find that the impact of an AGN in ULIRGs is strong, increasing sigma by a factor 1.5 on average. The observed weak dependency of sigma with SFR surface density for local U/LIRGs is in very good agreement with that measured in some high-z samples. Ionized outflows. The presence of ionized gas outflows in U/LIRGs seems universal based on the detection of a broad, usually blueshifted, Halpha line. AGNs in U/LIRGs are able to generate faster (x2) and more massive (x1.4) ionized gas outflows than pure starbursts. The derived ionized mass loading factors are in general below one, with only a few AGNs above this limit. Only a small fraction of the ionized material from low mass LIRGs (log(Mdyn/Msun) < 10.4) could reach the intergalactic medium, with more massive galaxies retaining the gas. The observed average outflow properties in U/LIRGs are similar to high-z galaxies of comparable SFR. In the bright SF clumps found in LIRGs, ionized gas outflows appear to be very common. For a given SFR surface density, outflows in LIRG clumps would be about one to two orders of magnitude less energetic than those launched by clumps in high-z SF galaxies.Comment: 36 pages, 20 figures, 6 tables. Accepted for publication in A&

Placa de hueso decorada de Laminak II (Berriatua, Bizkaia).

Se estudia un colgante de hueso con decoración de puntuaciones geométricas aparecido en un covacho, con yacimiento prehistórico, de Berriatua (Bizkaia). Su análisis tecnomorfológico y la industria que le acompaña, nos llevan a incluirlo en el Magdaleniense Final Cantábrico

Does rock type account for variation in mussel attachment strength? A test with Brachidontes rodriguezii in the southwestern Atlantic

Mussel attachment strength varies in space and time, frequently in association with variations in wave exposure. Yet, it remains uninvestigated whether different rock types can contribute to variation in mussel attachment. Here we compared the attachment strength of the mussel Brachidontes rodriguezii between soft and hard intertidal rock substrates that are typical of coastal Buenos Aires Province, Argentina: Pampean loess cemented by calcium carbonate and orthoquartzite, respectively. Overall comparisons of mussel attachment across natural platforms of either rock type (10 loess sites and 4 orthoquartzite sites) indicated stronger mussel attachment to orthoquartzite. However, mussel attachment strength did not differ when compared across natural loess platforms and introduced orthoquartzite blocks (i.e., groins and revetments) occurring within the same site. Mussels attaching to loess showed more byssal threads than those attaching to orthoquartzite at the same site. These findings suggest, first, that rock type does not influence mussel attachment strength in our study system, secondly, that overall differences in mussel attachment strength with rock type across natural platforms in our study range are due to confounding influences of co-varying factors (e.g., wave exposure) and, finally, that mussels can increase byssus production to counteract potential substrate failure when attaching to soft, friable rock. The latter likely explains the ability of mussels to maintain relatively stable cover across rocks of contrasting hardness.Fil: Gutierrez, Jorge Luis Ceferino. Universidad Nacional de Mar del Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Departamento de Biología; Argentina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Mar del Plata; ArgentinaFil: Bagur, María. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; ArgentinaFil: Arribas, Lorena Pilar. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Centro Nacional Patagónico. Instituto de Biología de Organismos Marinos; ArgentinaFil: Palomo, Maria Gabriela. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia"; Argentin

The evolution of multisensorial experience: Between art and every day life

El estudio del desarrollo histórico del sonido permite mostrar su capacidad para transmitir no sólo la dimensión temporal sino también los aspectos relacionados con el espacio y el movimiento. El sonido no es un mero canal sensorial aislado, sino que en su interacción con la dimensión visual genera una asociación espacio-temporal indisociable contribuyendo, en el arte y en la vida cotidiana, a la construcción del lugar, en un espaciotiempo dadoThe evolution of the concept of sound shows its ability to express the temporal dimensión, but also aspects related to space and movement. Sound is not just another sensorial cannel, since its interaction with the visual dimensión generates an undetachable association of space and time, an specific one for every moment and plac

INTEGRAL Spectroscopy of IRAS 17208-0014: Implications for the Evolutionary Scenarios of Ultraluminous Infrared Galaxies

New integral field optical fiber spectroscopy obtained with the INTEGRAL system, together with archival {\it {\it HST}} WFPC2 and NICMOS images, have been used to investigate the ultraluminous infrared galaxy IRAS 17208$-$0014, one of the coldest and most luminous objects in the IRAS 1 Jy sample. The 2D gas velocity field identifies the {\it optically faint} K-band nucleus as the {\it true} dynamical nucleus of the galaxy, and shows that the 3 kpc, tilted (i $\sim$ 35 degree) disk is rotating at $\Delta$Vsin$i$= 250 km s$^{-1}$. The kinematical, morphological and photometric evidence presented here supports the idea that in IRAS 17208-0014 we are witnessing a luminous, cool ULIRG which is at the final coalescence phase of a system composed of two spirals with m $\leq$ m$^*$, a mass ratio of 2:1, each consisting of a disk+bulge internal structure, that have been involved in a prograde encounter. This system will most likely evolve into an intermediate-mass ($\sim$ L$^*$) elliptical. The multifrequency empirical evidence gathered so far shows no trace of a luminous QSO, and indicates that starbursts dominate the energy output in this galaxy. Therefore IRAS 17208$-$0014 questions the universality of the ULIRG to QSO evolutionary scenario proposed by Sanders and collaborators, and supports the one recently proposed by Colina et al, where two low mass disk galaxies would produce luminous cool ULIRGs that would not evolve into a QSO phase. (abridge)Comment: Astrophysical Journal (in press