Prototipe Sistem Pendeteksi Kebocoran Gas LPG Menggunakan Sensor Gas MQ2, Board Arduino Duemilanove, Buzzer, Dan Arduino GSM Shield Pada PT. Alfa Retailindo ( Carrefour Pasar Minggu )

— To minimize the chances of fire caused by a gas leak, we need a monitoring and warning system that is easy to use. In accordance with the publicly use of a small microcontroller technology such as Arduino, researcher will try to develop a prototype of a detection gas leak system using gas sensor MQ2 with a feature of sound and sms warning when gas leak occurred. Using this easily found and bundled component such as Arduino GSM Shield and an ordinary PC, this system could be an efficient alternative for company that uses LPG gas for their business. This system consists of physical component to be positioned in the gas storage rooms and optional software component that can be installed on a PC connected to the Arduino board. Keyword — gas leak detection system, gas sensor MQ2, buzzer, Arduino Duemilanove, Arduino GSM Shiel

Kerangka Hukum Instrumen Ekonomi Lingkungan dalam Upaya Penurunan Emisi Gas Rumah Kaca

Salah satu permasalahan besar di bidang lingkungan hidup adalah kerusakan hutan. Untuk itulah pemerintah telah menyatakan komitmennya untuk menjaga hutan demi mengurangi laju emisi gas rumah kaca. Pemerintah Provinsi Sumatera Selatan melalui Kota Pagar Alam telah secara aktif ikut mengambil peran dalam uapaya penurunan emisi tersebut. Pencapaian target penurunan emisi GRK provinsi seringkali mengalami kendala atau hambatan, khususnya yang terkait dengan pendanaan. Salah satu instrumen yang dapat dimanfaatkan adalah instrumen ekonomi lingkungan hidup khususnya payment ecosystem services (PES). Untuk dapat dimanfaatkan secara optimal, harus ada kerangka hukum yang mendasarinya. Untuk itulah penelitian ini dilakukan demi menganalisis kerangka hukum instrument ekonomi lingkungan hidup PES khususnya di Kota Pagar Alam. Dengan menggunakan pendekatan analisis pustaka dari berbagai bentuk regulasi di level daerah dan nasional, data disimpulkan bahwa instrument ekonomi lingkungan hidup PES dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai pelengkap mekanisme command and control dalam pengelolaan hutan untuk mendukung percepatan penurunan emisi GRK Kota Pagar Alam, Provinsi Sumatera Selatan

A dynamic, ring-forming MucB / RseB-like protein influences spore shape in Bacillus subtilis.

How organisms develop into specific shapes is a central question in biology. The maintenance of bacterial shape is connected to the assembly and remodelling of the cell envelope. In endospore-forming bacteria, the pre-spore compartment (the forespore) undergoes morphological changes that result in a spore of defined shape, with a complex, multi-layered cell envelope. However, the mechanisms that govern spore shape remain poorly understood. Here, using a combination of fluorescence microscopy, quantitative image analysis, molecular genetics and transmission electron microscopy, we show that SsdC (formerly YdcC), a poorly-characterized new member of the MucB / RseB family of proteins that bind lipopolysaccharide in diderm bacteria, influences spore shape in the monoderm Bacillus subtilis. Sporulating cells lacking SsdC fail to adopt the typical oblong shape of wild-type forespores and are instead rounder. 2D and 3D-fluorescence microscopy suggest that SsdC forms a discontinuous, dynamic ring-like structure in the peripheral membrane of the mother cell, near the mother cell proximal pole of the forespore. A synthetic sporulation screen identified genetic relationships between ssdC and genes involved in the assembly of the spore coat. Phenotypic characterization of these mutants revealed that spore shape, and SsdC localization, depend on the coat basement layer proteins SpoVM and SpoIVA, the encasement protein SpoVID and the inner coat protein SafA. Importantly, we found that the ΔssdC mutant produces spores with an abnormal-looking cortex, and abolishing cortex synthesis in the mutant largely supresses its shape defects. Thus, SsdC appears to play a role in the proper assembly of the spore cortex, through connections to the spore coat. Collectively, our data suggest functional diversification of the MucB / RseB protein domain between diderm and monoderm bacteria and identify SsdC as an important factor in spore shape development