Die Wertstrommethode im Zeitalter von Industrie 4.0 - Studienreport

Im Zeitraum von Oktober bis Dezember 2016 wurde vom Lehrstuhl für Produktionswirtschaft der Brandenburgischen Technischen Universität Cottbus-Senftenberg die Studie mit dem Titel „Die Wertstrommethode im Zeitalter von Industrie 4.0“ als Online-Umfrage durchgeführt. 170 Personen beantworteten den Fragebogen vollständig, allesamt haben Erfahrungen mit Lean Production. Die zunehmende Volatilität der Märkte sowie die fortschreitende Digitalisierung werden als die größten Herausforderungen für Produktion/Produktionssystem gesehen. Als größter Nachteil der Wertstrommethode gilt, dass sie nur ein statisches Tool ist bzw. eine Momentaufnahme darstellt. Am meisten werden an der Wertstrommethode die Transparenz hinsichtlich Engpässen und Problemen sowie die Möglichkeit zur Ableitung von Verbesserungsthemen geschätzt. Knapp die Hälfte der Befragten aktualisiert Dokumente von Wertstromanalyse und -design höchstens einmal pro Jahr. Der Aufwand dafür ist höchst unterschiedlich und reicht von einem bis zu mehr als 20 Manntagen. Kurz- und mittelfristig wird eine autonome Produktionssteuerung in der Serien- und Massenfertigung nicht als realistisch angesehen. Die Bedeutung der Wertstrommethode wird damit weiterhin groß bleiben. Die große Mehrheit der Teilnehmer sieht überwiegend keine Widersprüche zwischen Industrie 4.0 und der Lean-Philosophie, hält Lean nach wie vor für wichtig und plädiert für eine Integration von Lean und Industrie 4.0. Als besonders groß wird bei der Integration von Lean und Industrie 4.0 das Potential zur Steigerung der Flexibilität angesehen. Ein Großteil der Experten ist der Meinung, dass künftige Herausforderungen der Produktion auch Auswirkungen auf die klassische Wertstrommethode haben werden. Zwei Drittel der Befragten halten eine Weiterentwicklung der Methode mit Industrie 4.0-Lösungen deshalb für sinnvoll. Von besonderem Interesse sind für die Studienteilnehmer dabei die Möglichkeit der Simulation, die Echtzeit-Integration von Produktions- und Maschinendaten sowie die Schaffung einer Schnittstelle zu ERP-/MES-Systemen. Dabei sollen die Aspekte Transparenz der Prozesse, die Einbeziehung aller Beteiligten sowie die Möglichkeit zur Ableitung von Verbesserungsthemen unbedingt berücksichtigt werden

Proteome profiling by label‐free mass spectrometry reveals differentiated response of Campylobacter jejuni 81–176 to sublethal concentrations of bile acids.

Purpose Bile acids are crucial components of the intestinal antimicrobial defense and represent a significant stress factor for enteric pathogens. Adaptation processes of Campylobacter jejuni to this hostile environment are analyzed in this study by a proteomic approach. Experimental design Proteome profiling by label-free mass spectrometry (SWATH-MS) has been used to characterize the adaptation of C. jejuni to sublethal concentrations of seven bile acids. Results The bile acids with the lowest inhibitory concentration (IC50), deoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acid, induce the most significant proteome changes. Overall a downregulation of all basic biosynthetic pathways and a general decrease in the transcription machinery are found. Concurrently, an induction of factors involved in detoxification of reactive oxygen species, protein folding, and bile acid exporting efflux pumps is detected. Exposure to deoxycholic and chenodeoxycholic acid results in an increased expression of components of the more energy-efficient aerobic respiration pathway, while the anaerobic branches of the electron transport chain are down-expressed. Conclusions and clinical relevance The results show that C. jejuni has a differentiated system of adaptation to bile acid stresses. The findings enhance the understanding of the pathogenesis of campylobacteriosis, especially for survival of C. jejuni in the human intestine, and may provide clues to future medical treatment

Theory for the reduction of products of spin operators

In this study we show that the sum of the powers of arbitrary products of quantum spin operators such as $(S^+)^l(S^-)^m(S^z)^n$ can be reduced by one unit, if this sum is equal to 2S+1, S being the spin quantum number. We emphasize that by a repeated application of this procedure \em all \em arbitrary spin operator products with a sum of powers larger than 2S can be replaced by a combination of spin operators with a maximum sum of powers not larger than 2S. This transformation is exact. All spin operators must belong to the same lattice site. By use of this procedure the consideration of single-ion anisotropies and the investigation of the magnetic reorientation within a Green's function theory are facilitated. Furthermore, it may be useful for the study of time dependent magnetic properties within the ultrashort (fsec) time domain.Comment: 11 pages, 1 table, uses rotatin

Hegemonic Masculinity, Health Administration, and Male Human Trafficking Victims inthe United States: A Public Health and Economic Analysis

Human trafficking remains a significant public health crisis in the United States, disproportionately affecting marginalized groups. Despite ongoing efforts, systemic shortcomings in U.S. anti-trafficking frameworks perpetuate the invisibility of male survivors, who constitute 25% of trafficking victims. This analysis investigates the role of hegemonic masculinity in shaping public health policies, revealing entrenched biases that hinder the identification and support of male victims. Cultural constructs of masculinity portray men as invulnerable, contributing to inequitable funding allocation, inadequate service provision, and the neglect of trauma-specific interventions. The analysis highlights how these oversights exacerbate health disparities, deepen homelessness, and impose substantial economic burdens on society. By addressing these systemic failures, the research advocates for transformative solutions—including equitable resource redistribution, targeted educational reforms, innovative policies, and comprehensive data collection. The study underscores the ethical imperative of dismantling gender biases to ensure inclusive anti-trafficking strategies that enhance resilience, promote health equity, and uphold human rights.

Modification of the ω\omega-Meson Lifetime in Nuclear Matter

The photo production of $\omega$ mesons on the nuclei C, Ca, Nb and Pb has been measured using the Crystal Barrel/TAPS detector at the ELSA tagged photon facility in Bonn. The dependence of the $\omega$ meson cross section on the nuclear mass number has been compared with three different types of models, a Glauber analysis, a BUU analysis of the Giessen theory group and a calculation by the Valencia theory group. In all three cases, the inelastic $\omega$ width is found to be $130-150 \rm{MeV/c^2}$ at normal nuclear matter density for an average 3-momentum of 1.1 GeV/c. In the restframe of the $\omega$ meson, this inelastic $\omega$ width corresponds to a reduction of the $\omega$ lifetime by a factor $\approx 30$. For the first time, the momentum dependent $\omega$N cross section has been extracted from the experiment and is in the range of 70 mb.Comment: 5 pages, 4 figure

High statistics study of the reaction γp→p 2π0\gamma p\to p\;2\pi^0

The photoproduction of 2$\pi^0$ mesons off protons was studied with the Crystal Barrel/TAPS experiment at the electron accelerator ELSA in Bonn. The energy of photons produced in a radiator was tagged in the energy range from 600\,MeV to 2.5\,GeV. Differential and total cross sections and $p\pi^0\pi^0$ Dalitz plots are presented. Part of the data was taken with a diamond radiator producing linearly polarized photons, and beam asymmetries were derived. Properties of nucleon and $\Delta$ resonances contributing to the $p\pi^0\pi^0$ final state were determined within the BnGa partial wave analysis. The data presented here allow us to determine branching ratios of nucleon and $\Delta$ resonances for their decays into $p\pi^0\pi^0$ via several intermediate states. Most prominent are decays proceeding via $\Delta(1232)\pi$, $N(1440)1/2^+\pi$, $N(1520)3/2^-\pi$, $N(1680)5/2^+\pi$, but also $pf_0(500)$, $pf_0(980)$, and $pf_2(1270)$ contribute to the reaction.Comment: 28 pages, 17 figures, 7 table

In-medium ω\omega mass from the γ+Nb→π0γ+X\gamma + Nb \to \pi^{0}\gamma + X reaction

Data on the photoproduction of $\omega$ mesons on nuclei have been re-analyzed in a search for in-medium modifications. The data were taken with the Crystal Barrel(CB)/TAPS detector system at the ELSA accelerator facility in Bonn. First results from the analysis of the data set were published by D. Trnka et al. in Phys. Rev. Lett 94 (2005) 192303 \cite{david}, claiming a lowering of the $\omega$ mass in the nuclear medium by 14$$ at normal nuclear matter density. The extracted $\omega$ line shape was found to be sensitive to the background subtraction. For this reason a re-analysis of the same data set has been initiated and a new method has been developed to reduce the background and to determine the shape and absolute magnitude of the background directly from the data. Details of the re-analysis and of the background determination are described. The $\omega$ signal on the $Nb$ target, extracted in the re-analysis, does not show a deviation from the corresponding line shape on a $LH_2$ target, measured as reference. The earlier claim of an in-medium mass shift is thus not confirmed. The sensitivity of the $\omega$ line shape to different in-medium modification scenarios is discussed.Comment: 13 pages and 11 figures, submitted for publicatio

Schwinger boson theory of anisotropic ferromagnetic ultrathin films

Ferromagnetic thin films with magnetic single-ion anisotropies are studied within the framework of Schwinger bosonization of a quantum Heisenberg model. Two alternative bosonizations are discussed. We show that qualitatively correct results are obtained even at the mean-field level of the theory, similar to Schwinger boson results for other magnetic systems. In particular, the Mermin-Wagner theorem is satisfied: a spontaneous magnetization at finite temperatures is not found if the ground state of the anisotropic system exhibits a continuous degeneracy. We calculate the magnetization and effective anisotropies as functions of exchange interaction, magnetic anisotropies, external magnetic field, and temperature for arbitrary values of the spin quantum number. Magnetic reorientation transitions and effective anisotropies are discussed. The results obtained by Schwinger boson mean-field theory are compared with the many-body Green's function technique.Comment: 14 pages, including 7 EPS figures, minor changes, final version as publishe

Photoproduction of meson pairs: First measurement of the polarization observable I^s

The polarization observable I^s, a feature exclusive to the acoplanar kinematics of multi-meson final states produced via linearly polarized photons, has been measured for the first time. Results for the reaction g p -> p pi0 eta are presented for incoming photon energies between 970 MeV and 1650 MeV along with the beam asymmetry I^c. The comparably large asymmetries demonstrate a high sensitivity of I^s to the dynamics of the reaction. Fits using Bonn-Gatchina partial wave analysis demonstrate that the new polarization observables carry significant information on the contributing partial waves.Comment: 11 pages, 6 figures, v2 to appear in Phys. Lett.