Uretrostomia pré-púbica vídeo-assistida : modelo experimental em coelhos

The purpose of this study was to develop a laparoscopic-assisted prepubic urethorstomy (PPU) technique using rabbits as an experimental model. Six male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) over six months old and weighing between 3 and 4kg (3.5kg ± 0.4) were used in this study. The animals underwent laparoscopic dissection of the pelvic urethra, which was then exposed for the laparoscopicassisted urethrostomy procedure. The proposed model for training of laparoscopic-assisted PPU in rabbits was considered effective and feasible. It proved to be a simple technique even for surgeons under basic endosurgery skills training, with possibilities of employing the technique for the treatment of cats with loss of function of the distal urethra.Este estudo objetivou o desenvolvimento de uma técnica de uretrostomia pré-púbica (UPP) vídeo-assistida, utilizando coelhos como modelo experimental. Foram utilizados seis coelhos Nova Zelândia (Oryctolagus cuniculus), machos, com peso médio de 3.5kg (± 0.4), com idade acima de seis meses. Os animais foram submetidos à dissecação laparoscópica da uretra pélvica e posterior exposição desta para a realização de uretrostomia vídeo-assistida. O modelo proposto para treinamento de UPP vídeo-assistida em coelho foi considerado eficaz e factível, mostrando-se uma técnica exequível mesmo por videocirurgiões iniciantes, havendo possibilidade de seu emprego no tratamento de gatos com perda na função da uretra distal

Disgerminoma bilateral e hiperplasia endometrial cística com piometra em cadela

Background:  :  : Ovarian tumors are considered rare both in dogs and cats. Germ cell neoplasms correspond to approximately 15% of the cases and can be classified into dysgerminomas, teratomas and teratocarcinomas. Reports of bilateral dysgerminoma in dogs and cats are rare. The aim of this work was to describe a case of bilateral dysgerminoma and cystic endometrial hyperplasia with pyometra in a bitch by presenting the clinical, surgical, pathological and immunohistochemical findings. Case: A 10-year-old female crossbred dog was presented with a history of vomiting, apathy and purulent vulvar discharge. Physical examination revealed hyperthermia and pain was observed on abdominal palpation. Ultrasound examination revealed cystic formation and increased echogenicity inside the uterus. The animal underwent ovariohysterectomy (OHE). Macroscopically, the ovaries were multinodular, spherical to ovoid in shape, measuring 6 cm in diameter, and with a dark red color; they exhibited a firm consistency and a hemorrhagic cut surface with cystic areas and foci of necrotic tissue. At microscopic evaluation of both ovaries, the neoplasm consisted of large and polyhedral cells with amphophilic cytoplasm which were arranged in cords separated by connective tissue. The cells exhibited an anaplastic appearance, with central nuclei, large amounts of granular chromatin and one or more evident nucleoli. Several mitotic figures, often incomplete and with consequent formation of multinucleated cells similar to giant cells, were observed. Immunohistochemical detection of cytokeratin and vimentin was performed for further examination. The ovarian tumor exhibited positive staining for cytokeratin and negative staining for vimentin. Discussion: Most ovarian tumors are asymptomatic and many times are considered incidental findings during spaying surgeries. On physical examination, affected animals may show palpable abdominal masses, ascites and systemic signs caused by hormonal disturbances. The macroscopic and microscopic findings seen in this case are in accordance with those found in the literature and confirm the diagnosis of bilateral dysgerminoma and cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra. Dysgerminoma should be differentiated from other neoplasias as lymphosarcoma, solid adenocarcinoma, solid granulosa cell tumor, theca cell tumor and teratoma. Diagnosis is performed by histopathological analysis. Immunohistochemistry can be performed to identify the origin of tumoral cells in order to assist the differential diagnosis for other neoplasias. Even though the immunohistochemical result can be positive for cytokeratin, this is not considered usual for dysgerminomas. The positive result for cytokeratin is related to the anaplastic characteristic of the tumor. Most cases of dysgerminomas are described in older dogs and cats, yet it can develop in younger animals. Dysgerminoma is a tumor that is typically unilateral and is hardly ever found in both ovaries. The rarity with which this neoplasia is observed in bitches can be related to the premature age at which OHE is performed

Brazilian consortium for the study on renal diseases associated with COVID-19 : a multicentric effort to understand SARS-CoV-2-related nephropathy

Kidney involvement appears to be frequent in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Despite this, information concerning renal involvement in COVID-19 is still scarce. Several mechanisms appear to be involved in the complex relationship between the virus and the kidney. Also, different morphological patterns have been described in the kidneys of patients with COVID-19. For some authors, however, this association may be just a coincidence. To investigate this issue, we propose assessing renal morphology associated with COVID-19 at the renal pathology reference center of federal university hospitals in Brazil. Data will come from a consortium involving 17 federal university hospitals belonging to Empresa Brasileira de Serviços Hospitalares (EBSERH) network, as well as some state hospitals and an autopsy center. All biopsies will be sent to the referral center for renal pathology of the EBSERH network. The data will include patients who had coronavirus disease, both alive and deceased, with or without pre-existing kidney disease. Kidney biopsies will be analyzed by light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy. Furthermore, immunohistochemical (IHC) staining for various inflammatory cells (i.e., cells expressing CD3, CD20, CD4, CD8, CD138, CD68, and CD57) as well as angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) will be performed on paraffinized tissue sections. In addition to ultrastructural assays, in situ hybridization (ISH), IHC and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) will be used to detect Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) in renal tissue. For the patients diagnosed with Collapsing Glomerulopathy, peripheral blood will be collected for apolipoprotein L-1 (APOL1) genotyping. For patients with thrombotic microangiopathy, thrombospondin type 1 motif, member 13 (ADAMTS13), antiphospholipid, and complement panel will be performed. The setting of this study is Brazil, which is second behind the United States in highest confirmed cases and deaths. With this complete approach, we hope to help define the spectrum and impact, whether immediate or long-term, of kidney injury caused by SARS-CoV-2

Laparoscopic-assisted prepubic urethrostomy: experimental model in rabbit

ABSTRACT: The purpose of this study was to develop a laparoscopic-assisted prepubic urethorstomy (PPU) technique using rabbits as an experimental model. Six male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) over six months old and weighing between 3 and 4kg (3.5kg ± 0.4) were used in this study. The animals underwent laparoscopic dissection of the pelvic urethra, which was then exposed for the laparoscopic-assisted urethrostomy procedure. The proposed model for training of laparoscopic-assisted PPU in rabbits was considered effective and feasible. It proved to be a simple technique even for surgeons under basic endosurgery skills training, with possibilities of employing the technique for the treatment of cats with loss of function of the distal urethra

<FONT FACE=Symbol>a</FONT>-Interferon therapy for HBV-related glomerulonephritis

We report a case of a patient with hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related membranous glomerulonephritis (MGN) who showed improvement after interferon-a (IFN-a) therapy. A 35-year-old man with nephrotic syndrome and HBV antigens received a 24-week course of IFN-a. At the end of therapy there was an elevation in the level of plasma aminotransferase and an increase in proteinuria, which were followed by antigen/antibody seroconversion. This "flare-up" before seroconversion suggests an increase in disease activity in the liver and kidney, demonstrating in vivo HBV involvement in MGN

Uretrostomia pré-púbica vídeo-assistida : modelo experimental em coelhos

The purpose of this study was to develop a laparoscopic-assisted prepubic urethorstomy (PPU) technique using rabbits as an experimental model. Six male New Zealand rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) over six months old and weighing between 3 and 4kg (3.5kg ± 0.4) were used in this study. The animals underwent laparoscopic dissection of the pelvic urethra, which was then exposed for the laparoscopicassisted urethrostomy procedure. The proposed model for training of laparoscopic-assisted PPU in rabbits was considered effective and feasible. It proved to be a simple technique even for surgeons under basic endosurgery skills training, with possibilities of employing the technique for the treatment of cats with loss of function of the distal urethra.Este estudo objetivou o desenvolvimento de uma técnica de uretrostomia pré-púbica (UPP) vídeo-assistida, utilizando coelhos como modelo experimental. Foram utilizados seis coelhos Nova Zelândia (Oryctolagus cuniculus), machos, com peso médio de 3.5kg (± 0.4), com idade acima de seis meses. Os animais foram submetidos à dissecação laparoscópica da uretra pélvica e posterior exposição desta para a realização de uretrostomia vídeo-assistida. O modelo proposto para treinamento de UPP vídeo-assistida em coelho foi considerado eficaz e factível, mostrando-se uma técnica exequível mesmo por videocirurgiões iniciantes, havendo possibilidade de seu emprego no tratamento de gatos com perda na função da uretra distal

Esofagectomia torácica parcial no tratamento de leiomioma em esfíncter esofágico inferior de cão

Tumores esofágicos em cães são raros e dentre estes, o leiomioma é o mais relatado. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns são disfagia, regurgitação e emaciação. Foi atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) um cão da raça Dálmata, macho, oito anos, apresentando sialorreia, regurgitação, vômito, algia abdominal e emaciação. No exame endoscópico visibilizou-se massa tumoral próxima ao esfíncter esofágico inferior e fundo gástrico, e foram coletadas amostras para análise histopatológica, obtendo-se resultado compatível com leiomioma esofágico e hiperplasia gástrica. Realizou-se ressecção esofágica e anastomose esôfago-gástrica. Decorridos três dias de pós-operatório o animal foi a óbito. Na necropsia não foram observadas alterações macroscopicamente significativas e microscopicamente sugeriu-se insuficiência renal. Este relato tem o objetivo de apresentar um caso de leiomioma em esfíncter esofágico inferior em um cão, no qual a terapêutica adotada foi a exerese tumoral por toracotomia

Partial thoracic esophagectomy in the treatment of leiomyoma in the lower esophagealsphincter of dogs

Tumores esofágicos em cães são raros e dentre estes, o leiomioma é o mais relatado. Os sinais clínicos mais comuns são disfagia, regurgitação e emaciação. Foi atendido no Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV) da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) um cão da raça Dálmata, macho, oito anos, apresentando sialorreia, regurgitação, vômito, algia abdominal e emaciação. No exame endoscópico visibilizou-se massa tumoral próxima ao esfíncter esofágico inferior e fundo gástrico, e foram coletadas amostras para análise histopatológica, obtendo-se resultado compatível com leiomioma esofágico e hiperplasia gástrica. Realizou-se ressecção esofágica e anastomose esôfago-gástrica. Decorridos três dias de pós-operatório o animal foi a óbito. Na necropsia não foram observadas alterações macroscopicamente significativas e microscopicamente sugeriu-se insuficiência renal. Este relato tem o objetivo de apresentar um caso de leiomioma em esfíncter esofágico inferior em um cão, no qual a terapêutica adotada foi a exerese tumoral por toracotomia.Esophageal tumors are rare in dogs, among these, leiomyoma is the most reported. The most common clinical signs are dysphagia, regurgitation and emaciation. An 8-year-old, Dalmatian male dog was referred to the Hospital de Clínicas Veterinárias (HCV), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS) presenting drooling, regurgitation, vomiting, abdominal pain and emaciation. Endoscopic examination revealed a growth near the lower esophageal sphincter and gastric fundus, and samples were collected for histopathological examination. The results were consistent with esophageal leiomyoma and gastric hyperplasia. Esophageal resection and esophageal-gastric anastomosis was conducted. Three days post-operative the animal died. At necropsy no changes were observed macroscopically, and microscopically significant renal insufficiency was suggested. This report aims at presenting a case of leiomyoma at lower esophageal sphincter in a dog, in which the adopted therapy was tumor exeresis by thoracotomy