First measurement of the K−n →Λπ−non-resonant transition amplitude below threshold

We present the analysis of K−absorption processes on He4 leading to Λπ−final states, measured with the KLOE spectrometer at the DAΦNE e+e−collider and extract, for the first time, the modulus of the non-resonant K−n →Λπ−direct production amplitude about 33 MeV below the K‾N threshold. This analysis also allows to disentangle the K−nuclear absorption at-rest from the in-flight capture, for K−momenta of about 120 MeV. The data are interpreted with the help of a phenomenological model, and the modulus of the non-resonant K−n →Λπ−amplitude for K−absorption at-rest is found to be |AK−n→Λπ−|=(0.334±0.018stat−0.058+0.034syst)fm

On the K - Absorptions in Light Nuclei by AMADEUS

The aim of the AMADEUS collaboration is to provide experimental information on the low-energy strong interaction of antikaons with nucleons, exploiting the absorptions of low momentum K - mesons (pK∼ 127 MeV/c) produced at the DA Φ NE collider, in the materials composing the KLOE detector setup, used as an active target. The K - single and multi-nucleon absorptions in light nuclei (4He and 12C) are investigated by reconstructing hyperon–pion, hyperon–nucleon/nucleus pairs, emitted in the final state of the reactions. In this paper the results obtained from the study of Λ π-, Λ p and Λ t correlated production are presented

Measurement of Warfarin in the Oral Fluid of Patients Undergoing Anticoagulant Oral Therapy

BACKGROUND: Patients on warfarin therapy undergo invasive and expensive checks for the coagulability of their blood. No information on coagulation levels is currently available between two controls. METHODOLOGY: A method was developed to determine warfarin in oral fluid by HPLC and fluorimetric detection. The chromatographic separation was performed at room temperature on a C-18 reversed-phase column, 65% PBS and 35% methanol mobile phase, flow rate 0.7 mL/min, injection volume 25 µL, excitation wavelength 310 nm, emission wavelength 400 nm. FINDINGS: The method was free from interference and matrix effect, linear in the range 0.2-100 ng/mL, with a detection limit of 0.2 ng/mL. Its coefficient of variation was <3% for intra-day measurements and <5% for inter-day measurements. The average concentration of warfarin in the oral fluid of 50 patients was 2.5±1.6 ng/mL (range 0.8-7.6 ng/mL). Dosage was not correlated to INR (r = -0.03, p = 0.85) but positively correlated to warfarin concentration in the oral fluid (r = 0.39, p = 0.006). The correlation between warfarin concentration and pH in the oral fluid (r = 0.37, p = 0.009) confirmed the importance of pH in regulating the drug transfer from blood. A correlation between warfarin concentration in the oral fluid and INR was only found in samples with pH values ≥7.2 (r = 0.84, p = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS: Warfarin diffuses from blood to oral fluid. The method allows to measure its concentration in this matrix and to analyze correlations with INR and other parameters

Peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and infants: NEonate and Children audiT of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe: A prospective European multicentre observational study

BACKGROUND: Little is known about current clinical practice concerning peri-operative red blood cell transfusion in neonates and small infants. Guidelines suggest transfusions based on haemoglobin thresholds ranging from 8.5 to 12 g dl-1, distinguishing between children from birth to day 7 (week 1), from day 8 to day 14 (week 2) or from day 15 (≥week 3) onwards. OBJECTIVE: To observe peri-operative red blood cell transfusion practice according to guidelines in relation to patient outcome. DESIGN: A multicentre observational study. SETTING: The NEonate-Children sTudy of Anaesthesia pRactice IN Europe (NECTARINE) trial recruited patients up to 60 weeks' postmenstrual age undergoing anaesthesia for surgical or diagnostic procedures from 165 centres in 31 European countries between March 2016 and January 2017. PATIENTS: The data included 5609 patients undergoing 6542 procedures. Inclusion criteria was a peri-operative red blood cell transfusion. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The primary endpoint was the haemoglobin level triggering a transfusion for neonates in week 1, week 2 and week 3. Secondary endpoints were transfusion volumes, 'delta haemoglobin' (preprocedure - transfusion-triggering) and 30-day and 90-day morbidity and mortality. RESULTS: Peri-operative red blood cell transfusions were recorded during 447 procedures (6.9%). The median haemoglobin levels triggering a transfusion were 9.6 [IQR 8.7 to 10.9] g dl-1 for neonates in week 1, 9.6 [7.7 to 10.4] g dl-1 in week 2 and 8.0 [7.3 to 9.0] g dl-1 in week 3. The median transfusion volume was 17.1 [11.1 to 26.4] ml kg-1 with a median delta haemoglobin of 1.8 [0.0 to 3.6] g dl-1. Thirty-day morbidity was 47.8% with an overall mortality of 11.3%. CONCLUSIONS: Results indicate lower transfusion-triggering haemoglobin thresholds in clinical practice than suggested by current guidelines. The high morbidity and mortality of this NECTARINE sub-cohort calls for investigative action and evidence-based guidelines addressing peri-operative red blood cell transfusions strategies. TRIAL REGISTRATION: ClinicalTrials.gov, identifier: NCT02350348

Governance della sostenibilità e informazione al mercato

Il presente Rapporto si concentra sulla quantità e qualità della sola informazione resa pubblica dai 40 emittenti quotati in Italia a più elevata capitalizzazione, in merito alle soluzioni di governo societario, e più in generale di articolazione interna all’impresa, dagli stessi ideate e implementate per la gestione dei temi di sostenibilità, come rappresentate nei documenti societari e nella reportistica disponibile

Smoke from regional wildfires alters lake ecology

Wildfire smoke often covers areas larger than the burned area, yet the impacts of smoke on nearby aquatic ecosystems are understudied. In the summer of 2018, wildfire smoke covered Castle Lake (California, USA) for 55 days. We quantified the influence of smoke on the lake by comparing the physics, chemistry, productivity, and animal ecology in the prior four years (2014?2017) to the smoke year (2018). Smoke reduced incident ultraviolet-B (UV-B) radiation by 31% and photosynthetically active radiation (PAR) by 11%. Similarly, underwater UV-B and PAR decreased by 65 and 44%, respectively, and lake heat content decreased by 7%. While the nutrient limitation of primary production did not change, shallow production in the offshore habitat increased by 109%, likely due to a release from photoinhibition. In contrast, deep-water, primary production decreased and the deep-water peak in chlorophyll a did not develop, likely due to reduced PAR. Despite the structural changes in primary production, light, and temperature, we observed little significant change in zooplankton biomass, community composition, or migration pattern. Trout were absent from the littoral-benthic habitat during the smoke period. The duration and intensity of smoke influences light regimes, heat content, and productivity, with differing responses to consumers.Fil: Scordo, Facundo. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; Argentina. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Chandra, Sudeep. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Suenaga, Erin. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Kelson, Suzanne J.. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Culpepper, Joshua. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Scaff, Lucia. University of Saskatchewan; CanadáFil: Tromboni, Flavia. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Caldwell, Timothy J.. University Of Nevada; Estados UnidosFil: Seitz, Carina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Bahía Blanca. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía. Universidad Nacional del Sur. Instituto Argentino de Oceanografía; ArgentinaFil: Fiorenza, Juan Esteban. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Parque Centenario. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Agronomía. Instituto de Investigaciones Fisiológicas y Ecológicas Vinculadas a la Agricultura; ArgentinaFil: Williamson, Craig E.. Miami University; Estados UnidosFil: Sadro, Steven. University of California at Davis; Estados UnidosFil: Rose, Kevin C.. Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute; Estados UnidosFil: Poulson, Simon R.. University Of Nevada; Estados Unido

A novel approach to the measurement of the hyperon nucleon/s interaction by AMADEUS

The AMADEUS collaboration is investigating the low-energy antikaon interactions with nucleons and nuclei, taking advantage of the lowmomentum antikaons beam provided by the DAΦNE collider at LNF-INFN. In this work a novel technique is outlined for the measurement of the hyperonnucleon two and three body scattering cross sections. The method consists in producing hyperons by antikaons atomic captures in light nuclear targets, and extrapolating the cross sections from the measurement of the yields of the corresponding elastic final state interactions of the hyperons. The feasibility of this kind of analyses is shown by comparison of calculated Σ0 production in 4He by K− absorption on three nucleons, with a sample of K−12C absorption measured by AMADEUS in collaboration with KLOE. The feasibility of a dedicated high statistics measurement is discussed

Low energy kaon-nuclei interaction studies at DAΦNEDA\Phi NE

The aim of the AMADEUS experiment is to investigate the lowenergy antikaon interaction with nucleons and nuclei, exploiting the unique lowmomentum beam of kaons produced by the DAΦNE collider at LNF-INFN, to constrain hadronic nuclear physics models in the strangeness -1 sector. As a first step the data collected in 2004/2005 by the KLOE collaboration, consisting in a complex of K− absorptions in H, 4He, 9Be and 12C, was analyzed, leading to the first invariant mass spectroscopic study with very low momentum (about 100 MeV) in-flight K− captures. A dedicated pure Carbon target was also implemented in the central region of the KLOE detector, providing a high statistic reference sample of pure at-rest K− nuclear interaction. The first measurement of the non-resonant transition amplitude $\left| {{T_{{K^ - }n \to \Lambda {\pi ^ - }}}} \right|$ at $\sqrt s = 33$ MeV below the {\text{\bar KN}} threshold is presented, in relation with the Λ(1405) properties studies

First Simultaneous K−^-p →(Σ0/Λ) π0\rightarrow (Σ^0/Λ) \, π^0 Cross Sections Measurements at 98 MeV/c

We report the first simultaneous and independent measurements of the K$^{-}$p $\rightarrow \Sigma^0 \, \pi^{0}$ and K$^{-}$p $\rightarrow \Lambda \, \pi^{0}$ cross sections around 100 MeV/c kaon momentum. The kaon beam delivered by the DA$\Phi$NE collider was exploited to detect K$^-$ absorptions on Hydrogen atoms, populating the gas mixture of the KLOE drift chamber. The precision of the measurements ($\sigma_{K^- p \rightarrow \Sigma^0 \pi^0} = 42.8 \pm 1.5 (stat.) ^{+2.4}_{-2.0}(syst.) \ \mathrm{mb}$ and $\sigma_{K^- p \rightarrow \Lambda \pi^0} = 31.0 \pm 0.5 (stat.) ^{+1.2}_{-1.2}(syst.) \ \mathrm{mb}\,$) is the highest yet obtained in the low kaon momentum regime