Conocer personas - una ciencia, un arte: una breve descripción de la experiencia en el pregrado de medicina de la EPM-UNIFESP

Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP) Escola Paulista de Medicina Departamento de PsiquiatriaUNIFESP-EPM Departamento de PsiquiatriaUNIFESP-EPM Centro de História e Filosofia das Ciências da SaúdeUNIFESP, EPM, Depto. de PsiquiatriaUNIFESP, EPM Depto. de PsiquiatriaUNIFESP, EPM Centro de História e Filosofia das Ciências da SaúdeSciEL

Integrated basic clinical skills: a curricular experience with early, comprehensive exposure to clinical practice

An early clinical exposure program was developed with the aim of avoiding fragmentation and stereotyped behaviors during medical training. Second-year medical students received an introductory course on Integrated Basic Clinical Skills (BCS), which included hospital rounds followed by case discussions led jointly by faculty members from medical psychology and various clinical areas (internal medicine, pediatrics, obstetrics, gynecology, and geriatrics). Special care was taken to provide a model in which medical students could learn about biological, psychological, and social aspects of illness within the same format. The article discusses the objectives, logistics, and staff of the course, based on the experience at the Federal University in São Paulo. The model offers an integrated model for both students and faculty. Further studies are necessary to evaluate these preliminary findings.Para evitar a fragmentação e a estereotipia e favorecer uma aproximação antecipada da pratica médica, foi introduzido o curso de Semiologia Integrada no programa do segundo ano do curso médico da UNIFESP. Este curso inclui a realização de anamneses no hospital, seguidas de discussões que contam com a participação conjunta dos professores de Psicologia Médica e de professores de diferentes áreas da Semiologia (Clínica Médica, Pediatria, Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Geriatria). Foi dada atenção especial para apresentar ao estudante de Medicina um modelo que integrasse os aspectos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais do adoecer. Este artigo apresenta o projeto e as observações preliminares, que sugerem um importante potencial integrador tanto para os alunos quanto para os professores. São necessárias avaliações futuras para comprovar essas observações.Universidade Federal de São Paulo (UNIFESP)UNIFESP, EPM, São Paulo, BrazilSciEL

A Clinical Rationale for Assessing the Impact of Childhood Sexual Abuse on Adjunctive Subcutaneous Esketamine for Treatment-Resistant Depression

Background: A history of child sexual abuse (CSA) is related to higher suicide rates and poor treatment outcomes in depressed adult patients. Twenty years after the first study investigating the effects of ketamine/esketamine on depression and suicide, there is a lack of data on the CSA effects on this emerging treatment. Here, we assess the impact of CSA on adjunctive subcutaneous (SC) esketamine for treatment-resistant depression (TRD). Methods: A directed acyclic graphic (DAG) was designed to identify clinical confounders between CSA and esketamine predictors of response. The confounders were applied in a statistical model to predict depression symptom trajectory in a sample of 67 TRD outpatients. Results: The patient sample had a relatively high prevalence rate of CSA (35.82%). Positive family history of first-degree relatives with alcohol use disorder and sex were clinical mediators of the effects of esketamine in a CSA adult population. Overall, the presence of at least one CSA event was unrelated to esketamine symptom reduction. Conclusions: Unlike responses to conventional antidepressants and psychotherapy, CSA does not appear to predict poor response to esketamine.publishedVersio

Avaliação de empatia em residentes de especialidades clínicas e cirúrgicas da Universidade Federal de São Paulo

No campo da saúde, a empatia é definida como um atributo com dimensões emocionais e cognitivas que possibilita uma compreensão das experiências interiores e da perspectiva do paciente como um indivíduo singular, somada à capacidade de comunicar esse entendimento ao paciente. A função da empatia médica seria identificar e compreender os sentimentos do doente, promovendo aumento na confiança, na lealdade e no respeito entre médico e paciente. Este estudo teve como meta avaliar a empatia de residentes entre o terceiro e o quinto ano da Universidade Federal de São Paulo, buscando verificar as possíveis diferenças entre a empatia dos clínicos e cirurgiões e sua relação com o perfil profissional

Semiologia integrada: uma experiência curricular de aproximação antecipada e integrada à prática médica

Para evitar a fragmentação e a estereotipia e favorecer uma aproximação antecipada da pratica médica, foi introduzido o curso de Semiologia Integrada no programa do segundo ano do curso médico da Unifesp. Este curso inclui a realização de anamneses no hospital, seguidas de discussões que contam com a participação conjunta dos professores de Psicologia Médica e de professores de diferentes áreas da Semiologia (Clínica Médica, Pediatria, Ginecologia, Obstetrícia e Geriatria). Foi dada atenção especial para apresentar ao estudante de Medicina um modelo que integrasse os aspectos biológicos, psicológicos e sociais do adoecer. Este artigo apresenta o projeto e as observações preliminares, que sugerem um importante potencial integrador tanto para os alunos quanto para os professores. São necessárias avaliações futuras para comprovar essas observações

The needs of members of the families of general hospital inpatients

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: The needs of members of the families of intensive care unit patients have been studied, but little is known about the needs of members of the families of general hospital inpatients, especially patients with chronic diseases. The aim of this study was to identify the needs of members of the families of general hospital inpatients and investigate associations between these needs and the patients' clinical and psychiatric profiles. DESIGN AND SETTING: Descriptive study, in a public teaching hospital. METHODS: A random sample of 47 patients and members of their families was studied. Family members' needs were investigated using the critical care family needs inventory and the patients' clinical profiles were investigated using the hospital anxiety and depression scale, confusion assessment method and Karnofsky performance status. The frequencies of family members' needs were described and the patients' clinical and psychiatric characteristics were correlated with the needs using the chi-squared test. RESULTS: Chronic patients predominated and the needs for reassurance and information were indicated as the most important by all members of their families. No associations were found between the patients' characteristics and the needs of members of their families during the hospitalization. CONCLUSIONS: The needs indicated by members of the families of general hospital inpatients were similar to those of members of the families of patients in intensive care units: they considered it very important to be reassured and kept informed throughout the hospitalization