A construção do pensamento complexo num grupo de pesquisa em educação: primeiros passos

O presente trabalho busca analisar a constituição e dinâmica de dois grupos de pesquisa da UFSCar/CNPq- “Formação de Professores, Ambientalização Curricular e Educação em Ciências” e “Grupo de Estudo e Pesquisa em Educação Científica” - à luz da teoria dos grupos operativos de Pichon-Rivière e da teoria da complexidade. Para isso foram realizadas análises qualitativas das gravações em áudio dos encontros dos grupos e dos resumos das atividades dos mesmos. A partir das análises observaram- se aproximações entre a dinâmica do grupo de pesquisa com algumas características específicasdos grupos operativos na perspectiva Pichoniana. Na relação com o paradigma da complexidade, a principal dificuldade do grupo foi o rompimento com paradigmas anteriores, porém também pode-se observar aproximações e avanços do grupo com a construção do pensamento complexo

Light field HEVC-based image coding using locally linear embedding and self-similarity compensated prediction

Light field imaging is a promising new technology that allows the user not only to change the focus and perspective after taking a picture, as well as to generate 3D content, among other applications. However, light field images are characterized by large amounts of data and there is a lack of coding tools to efficiently encode this type of content. Therefore, this paper proposes the addition of two new prediction tools to the HEVC framework, to improve its coding efficiency. The first tool is based on the local linear embedding-based prediction and the second one is based on the self-similarity compensated prediction. Experimental results show improvements over JPEG and HEVC in terms of average bitrate savings of 71.44% and 31.87%, and average PSNR gains of 4.73dB and 0.89dB, respectively.info:eu-repo/semantics/acceptedVersio

Cabernet Sauvignon in tropical semi-arid climate (Pernambuco - Brasil): adaptation of some clones and their affinity to different rootstocks.

The variety Cabemet Sauvignon has revealed in the São Francisco Valley (9°02' S; 40°11' W) a high potential of quality, but with some limitations on its adaptation to this "terroir". The rootstocks with effective aftinity are yet unknown and the material with many virus infections makes difficult its culture, particularly in terms ofyield, which generally is very low. With the objective to maximize the behaviour ofthis variety in this terroir, a field trial was installed in Vinibrasil - Vinhos do Brasil, SA to compare the relations "variety x rootstock", with 5 clones (15, 169, 191,337 and 685) combined with 6 rootstocks (IAC-313, IAC-572, 1103-P, 420-A, 101-14 e S04). After seven harvests (two per year) consistent differences in yield were observed, mainly due to the rootstock. These disparities are due to the number of clusters and their medium weight. Autochthonous rootstocks (obtained at the Instituto Agronômico de Campinas), were those that generated the highest yield, with the IAC-313 the most productive. With regard to rootstocks commonly used in temperate climates, the 1103-P was one that showed behaviour closer to the Brazilian rootstock. The rootstocks with lower yields were generally the 101-14 Mgt and 420-A. At the qualitative level, we found only minor differences and not always in the same direction between the different rootstocks. There were no significant differences in average yield or quality among the different clones. Overall, the sensory analysis of wines produced from the clones, indicates the clones 337 and 685 as being the most agreeable, especially in the parameters of the aroma. The colour intensity is another parameter where those two clones have higher comparative values. In another way, the clone with lower colour intensity is the 191, which shows the lower content of red anthocyanins. These results show the possibility to growth C. Sauvignon in tropical semi-arid climate, with acceptable yields and high quality. On the another hand, in the establishment of new vineyards it is essential to choose the correct combination (clone x rootstock) and especially the appropriate rootstock

Iron-mediated stabilization of soil carbon amplifies the benefits of ecological restoration in degraded lands

Recent observations across a 14‐year restoration chronosequence have shown an unexpected accumulation of soil organic carbon in strip‐mined areas of central Brazil. This was attributed to the rapid plant colonization that followed the incorporation of biosolids into exposed regoliths, but the specific mechanisms involved in the stabilization of carbon inputs from the vegetation remained unclear. Using isotopic and elemental analyses, we tested the hypothesis that plant‐derived carbon accumulation was triggered by the formation of iron‐coordinated complexes, stabilized into physically protected (occluded) soil fractions. Confirming this hypothesis, we identified a fast formation of microaggregates shortly after the application of iron‐rich biosolids, which was characterized by a strong association between pyrophosphate‐extractable iron and plant‐derived organic matter. The formation of microaggregates preceded the development of macroaggregates, which drastically increased soil carbon content (~140 Mg C/ha) a few years after restoration. Consistent with previous theoretical work, iron‐coordinated organic complexes served as nuclei for aggregate formation, reflecting the synergistic effect of biological, chemical, and physical mechanisms of carbon stabilization in developing soils. Nevertheless, iron was not the only factor affecting soil carbon content. The highest carbon accumulation was observed during the period of highest plant diversity (\u3e30 species; years 3–6), declining significantly with the exclusion of native species by invasive grasses (years 9–14). Furthermore, the increasing dominance of invasive grasses was associated with a steady decline in the concentration of soil nitrogen and phosphorus per unit of accumulated carbon. These results demonstrate the importance of interdependent ecological and biogeochemical processes, and the role of soil–plant interactions in determining the success of restoration efforts. In contrast with previous but unsuccessful attempts to restore mined areas through nutrient application alone, iron‐mediated stabilization of vegetation inputs favored the regeneration of a barren stable state that had persisted for over five decades since disturbance. The effectiveness of coupled organic matter and iron “fertilization,” combined with management of invasive species, has the possibility to enhance terrestrial carbon sequestration and accelerate the restoration of degraded lands, while addressing important challenges associated with urban waste disposal

The spatiotemporal domains of natural climate solutions research and strategies for implementation in the Pacific Northwest, USA

Natural climate solutions have been proposed as a way to mitigate climate change by removing CO2 and other greenhouse gases from the atmosphere and increasing carbon storage in ecosystems. The adoption of such practices is required at large spatial and temporal scales, which means that local implementation across different land use and conservation sectors must be coordinated at landscape and regional levels. Here, we describe the spatiotemporal domains of research in the field of climate solutions and, as a first approximation, we use the Pacific Northwest (PNW) of the United States as a model system to evaluate the potential for coordinated implementations. By combining estimates of soil organic carbon stocks and CO2 fluxes with projected changes in climate, we show how land use may be prioritized to improve carbon drawdown and permanence across multiple sectors at local to regional scales. Our consideration of geographical context acknowledges some of the ecological and social challenges of climate change mitigation efforts for the implementation of scalable solutions

Eccentric Exercise Leads To Glial Activation But Not Apoptosis In Mice Spinal Cords.

The aim of this investigation was to evaluate the effects of 3 overtraining (OT) protocols on the glial activation and apoptosis in the spinal cords of mice. Rodents were divided into control (C; sedentary mice), overtrained by downhill running (OTR/down), overtrained by uphill running (OTR/up) and overtrained by running without inclination (OTR). The incremental load test, ambulation test, exhaustive test and functional behavioural assessment were used as performance evaluation parameters. 36 h after the exhaustive test, the dorsal and ventral parts of the lumbar spinal cord (L4-L6) were dissected for subsequent protein analysis by immunoblotting. The OT protocols led to similar responses of some performance parameters. The ventral glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) protein levels were diminished in the OTR/up and OTR compared to CT and OTR/down groups. The ventral ionized calcium binding adaptor molecule 1 (Iba-1), and the dorsal GFAP and Iba-1 protein levels were increased in the OTR/down compared to the other groups. The ratio between the cleaved capase-3/caspase-3 and cleaved caspase-9/caspase-9 measured in the spinal cord were not sensitive to the OT protocols. In summary, the OTR/down activated the glial cells in the motor (i. e. Iba-1) and sensory (i. e. GFAP and Iba-1) neurons without leading to apoptosis