Investigando la relación entre el autocontrol, la edad y el desajuste psicológico en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos españoles

Este estudio explora las tendencias evolutivas en el autocontrol y su relación con el desajuste psicológico en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 1,600 adolescentes y jóvenes adultos españoles de entre 12 y 34 años (M = 22.28, DT = 6.94) seleccionados aleatoriamente. Se administraron medidas de autocontrol, adicción a internet y síntomas de ansiedad-depresión. El sexo y la edad fueron utilizados como variables de control. Los resultados indicaron que los adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 15 y 19 años mostraron las puntuaciones más bajas en autocontrol, mientras que los participantes de más edad puntuaron más alto. Puntuaciones bajas en autocontrol estuvieron significativamente asociadas con mayor consumo de sustancias, más síntomas de ansiedad-depresión y puntuaciones más elevadas en la escala de adicción a internet. Además, los participantes con puntuaciones más altas en la escala de adicción puntuaron más bajo en autocontrol. Estos resultados evidencian las relaciones entre el autocontrol y algunos problemas emocionales y conductuales y sugieren la importancia de promover el autocontrol para prevenir la adicción a internet, el consumo de sustancias y los problemas de ansiedad-depresión en adolescentes y jóvenes adultos.This study explores the relationships of self-control with age and psychological maladjustment in adolescents and young adults. The sample consisted of 1,600 randomly selected Spanish adolescents and young adults, aged 12-34 years ( M = 22.28, SD = 6.94). Measures of self-control, Internet addiction, and anxiety-depressive symptoms were administered. Control variables included age and sex. Results indicated that adolescents between 15 and 19 years old showed the lowest self-control scores, while older participants showed greater scores. Low scores in self-control were significantly associated with greater substance consumption, more anxiety-depression symptoms, and higher scores on the Internet addiction scale. Also, participants with high scores on the addiction scale scored lower on self-control. These results evidence associations between self-control and some emotional-behavioral problems, and suggest the importance of promoting self-control to prevent Internet addiction, substance consumption, and anxiety-depression in adolescents and young adults.Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad PSI 2015-64211-RConsejería de Salud y Asuntos Sociales CONV2010-00

Demographic, social, and economic factors of internalizing problems in referred and non-referred adolescents

Depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation are common internalizing problems during adolescence. Numerous studies have explored the role of certain demographic, social, and economic factors in their development in referred or non-referred adolescents, but not simultaneously in both groups. In this study, we examined the association between age, gender, parents’ educational level, and socioeconomic status (SES) and depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in a referred group (n = 211) and a non-referred (n = 1401) group of adolescents. We also examined the moderating role that these factors play in the relationships between both internalizing problems. The results showed: higher levels of depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation in the referred group; an increase in both problems during early-to-middle adolescence in the non-referred group; an association between low SES and suicidal ideation in both groups; an association between low father’s education level and depressive symptoms in the non-referred group; and no gender differences in either of these two internalizing problems. The moderation analyses showed that age, in referred adolescents, and SES, in non-referred adolescents, moderated the relationship between depressive symptoms and suicidal ideation. This study contributes to the identification of groups of vulnerable adolescents that could constitute the target populations of preventive programs.Universidad de Sevill

Desarrollo de un Sistema de Publicidad utilizando Tecnologías Móviles Wearables y Computación Ubicua

Actualmente, las empresas realizan publicidad para poder brindar información a los usuarios de los productos que ofrecen. Según las empresas consultadas, la publicidad convencional no genera el impacto deseado en sus clientes y no se refleja de una manera determinante en sus ventas. Se buscó disminuir estos inconvenientes, mediante un sistema de publicidad virtual, la cual trabaja con geolocalización para poder mostrar al usuario promociones de lugares cercanos a él; también se cuenta con gestión de preferencias, con esto se buscó enviar promociones que generen un mayor impacto en el usuario. Se buscó que este sistema sea rápido y al mismo tiempo sólido, por lo que fue realizado con una arquitectura de tres capas, de esta manera, todo el procesamiento de datos es hecho mediante un servicio web ubicado en la nube, mientras la aplicación móvil actúa como entrada y salida de datos. Este software, fue realizado bajo la metodología ágil llamada programación extrema, para agilizar las etapas de desarrollo sin sacrificar el correcto planeamiento del proyecto. El resultado obtenido es el sistema de publicidad con todas las características anteriormente mencionadas, el 93% de los encuestados valoran que la aplicación en general funciona correctament

Valorization of forest by-products as bio-adsorbents for emerging contaminants

The use of forest by-products as bio-adsorbents allows the recycling of these materials and could reduce the risks of environmental pollution due to different contaminants. This study focuses on the adsorption and release of three antibiotics (ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin and trimethoprim) on pine and oak bark materials and how pHinfluences in these processes. The results showed that the highest adsorption potential corresponds to pine bark, where the Freundlich affinity coefficient varies between 126.6 and 2979.1 Ln µmol1− n kg− 1, while, for oak bark, between 283.9 and 806.9 Ln µmol1− n kg− 1. Both bio-adsorbents show some influence of the pH affectingadsorption. Of the three antibiotics, clarithromycin was the most mobile. In general, both by-products gave satisfactory results as bio-adsorbents for the antibiotics tested. Therefore, their potential use as decontaminants could help to face environmental issues due to these emerging pollutants, reducing human and ecological risk, while contributing to a zero-waste economy.Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018-099574-B-C21Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. RTI2018- 099574-B-C22Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C2021/46-GCRXunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481B-2022-081Ministerio de Universidades | Ref. FPU19/03758Agencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. IJC2020- 044426-IAgencia Estatal de Investigación | Ref. IJC2020-044197-IUniversidade de Vigo/CISU

Clarithromycin as soil and environmental pollutant: Adsorption-desorption processes and influence of pH

Financiado para publicación en acceso aberto: Universidade de Vigo/CISUGAntibiotics pollution is a growing environmental issue, as high amounts of these compounds are found in soil, water and sediments. This work studies the adsorption/desorption of the macrolide antibiotic clarithromycin (CLA) for 17 agricultural soils with different edaphic characteristics. The research was carried out using batch-type experiments, with an additional assessment of the specific influence of pH for 6 of the soils. The results show that CLA adsorption reaches between 26 and 95%. In addition, the fit of the experimental data to adsorption models provided values between 1.9 and 19.7 Ln μmol1−n kg−1 for the KF, Freundlich affinity coefficient, and between 2.5 and 10.5 L kg−1 for Kd, distribution constant of Linear model. Regarding the linearity index, n, it varied between 0.56 and 1.34. Desorption showed lower scores than adsorption, with an average of 20%, and with values of 3.1 and 93.0 Ln μmol1−n kg−1 for KF(des) and 4.4 and 95.0 L kg−1 for Kd(des). The edaphic characteristics with the highest influence on adsorption were the silt fraction content and the exchangeable Ca content, while in the case of desorption, they were the total nitrogen, organic carbon, and exchangeable Ca and Mg contents. Regarding the pH, within the range studied (between 3 and 10), its value did not decisively affect the adsorption/desorption process. Overall, the set of these results could be of help to program appropriate measures leading to the retention/elimination of this antibiotic when it reaches the environment as a pollutant.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacción y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-099574-B-C21Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED431C2021/46-GCRMinisterio de Universidades | Ref. FPU19/03758Xunta de Galicia | Ref. ED481B-2022-081Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación. | Ref. IJC2020- 044197-IUniversidade de Vigo/CISUGMinisterio de Ciencia, Innovacción y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-099574-B-C2

Photodegradation of ciprofloxacin, clarithromycin and trimethoprim: influence of pH and humic acids

In view of the rising relevance of emerging pollutants in the environment, this work studies the photodegradation of three antibiotics, evaluating the effects of the pH of the medium and the concentration of dissolved organic matter. Simulated light (with a spectrum similar to that of natural sunlight) was applied to the antibiotics Ciprofloxacin (Cip), Clarithromycin (Cla) and Trimethoprim (Tri), at three different pH, and in the presence of different concentrations of humic acids. The sensitivity to light followed the sequence: Cip > Cla > Tri, which was inverse for the half-life (Tri > Cla > Cip). As the pH increased, the half-life generally decreased, except for Cla. Regarding the kinetic constant k, in the case of Cip and Tri it increased with the rise of pH, while decreased for Cla. The results corresponding to total organic carbon (TOC) indicate that the complete mineralization of the antibiotics was not achieved. The effect of humic acids was not marked, slightly increasing the degradation of Cip, and slightly decreasing it for Tri, while no effect was detected for Cla. These results may be relevant in terms of understanding the evolution of these antibiotics, especially when they reach different environmental compartments and receive sunlight radiation.Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-099574-B-C21Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades | Ref. RTI2018-099574-B-C2