A experiência da Quinta da Malagueira (1977): ensinamentos e cautelas na concretização da habitação de custos-controlados, para uma arquitectura avisada

Retomando o tema da procura de soluções habitacionais que considerem os desejos e necessidades dos seus habitantes, não descurando as relações família/vizinhança e ainda comunidade/cidade, votadas maioritariamente a estratos populacionais carenciados, mas com alguma capacidade económica para aceder a uma habitação não precária – ainda que sustentada em apoios sociais (públicos ou comunitários) –, pretende-se nesta comunicação analisar a Quinta da Malagueira (Évora, 1977), projectada por Álvaro Siza, enquanto projecto de intervenção habitacional que visa uma integração urbana coesa. Trata-se de um Projecto Habitacional de custos-controlados, de referência na arquitectura portuguesa, não só pelas suas tácitas implicações ideológicas, éticas e políticas, mas também por abordar o tema da “casa” com soluções que se prendem nomeadamente com uma análise metodológica de tipologias adequadas e evolutivas, numa estreita relação com a morfologia do bairro perante uma leitura coerente do lugar, e com a experiência de um processo participativo de sucesso. Mas será que a Quinta da Malagueira é um modelo exemplar, ou um caso único? Afinal, que lições se retiram da experiência da Quinta da Malagueira? Em suma, nesta comunicação pretende-se dar resposta a estas e outras questões que visam dar a ver a importância dos valores da arquitectura, na defesa de uma prática profissional que pretende ir além do desenho charmoso e apelativo ou da cega vontade de inovar, aferindo o papel da arquitectura na nossa sociedade contemporânea.Este trabalho tem o apoio financeiro do projecto UID/AUR/04509 e da FCTMEC através dos Fundos Nacionais e quando aplicável do confinanciamento do FEDER, no âmbito do novo acordo de parceria PT2020.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

In pursuit of a healthy city: Bouça Housing Complex by Álvaro Siza (1977), a lesson to retain

Being interested in improving the physical and mental well-being of an urban society means, above all, being concerned about the state of health of the people and their cities. If we believe that health results mainly from the influence of the physical and social environments, which promotes a certain lifestyle, then the role of the city in generating health is extremely relevant. We’re aware that a healthy city is much more than a city that has good health care services, with decent houses and safe surroundings. It also has to provide the community with a variety of experiences and resources. There’s no doubt that safety and accessibility are vital criteria, but aren’t community and identity also relevant? What makes a city healthy? How can we improve that health? What are the available mechanisms from the architectural point of view? The Bouça Housing Complex was designed by Álvaro Siza (1973-77), promoted by a governmental program (SAAL), to create social housing for poor people in Porto, Portugal. It´s a housing solution of duplex apartments, arranged through patios and landscaped spaces, in the center of the city. Although it was made with controlled costs, the architect managed a housing solution that´s still a success. What is its secret? Nowadays, it’s mostly inhabited by young couples and middle class families living together with the old inhabitants, creating a renovated neighborhood with character and identity, providing mutual support. But how relevant is these people’s connection with the city? What is the real meaning of neighborliness, concerning urban health? In this paper I intent to reflect about the main decisions of this example by Álvaro Siza, to enhance the importance of the relationship between the physical and the social environment, promoting connectedness and neighborliness as parameters that embody a likely solution for an eminent health problem that cities are facing, gauging the role of architecture in our contemporary society.info:eu-repo/semantics/submittedVersio

Repercussões e interferências da mulher na conformação da Arquitectura Doméstica: as palavras de Eleonor Raymond, Maria José Marques da Silva e Alison Smithson

A interferência de certas clientes na concretização de muitas das casas mais carismáticas dos nossos Mestres do Movimento Moderno é hoje uma evidência se atendermos às histórias que consolidam a História da Arquitectura Doméstica do século XX. De Edith Farnsworth a Truus Shröder, de Vanna Venturi a Marie Gullichsen, é fácil provar os seus contributos na conformação das suas habitações. Por este motivo é já consensual que Mies van der Rohe, Gerrit Rietveldt, Robert Venturi ou Alvar Aalto foram inegavelmente inspirados, influenciados, ou até, por vezes, manipulados pelas suas clientes. Estes exemplos constituirão o mote para o desenvolvimento desta reflexão. Focando-se nas suas casas, nos seus lares, não só pretenderam implementar mudanças, alterando o próprio conceito de domesticidade, como também participaram no processo criativo, motivando novas soluções arquitectónicas. Parece agora uma evidência que as suas participações, com especial ênfase no domínio do doméstico, não advêm de nenhuma característica particular destas mulheres, mas antes, tratou-se de uma natural resposta às alterações de certos valores sociais e culturais que se despoletaram no decorrer do século passado, no que respeita designadamente ao comportamento e ao papel da mulher na sociedade. Mas certo é que a “casa” hoje é herdeira de muitas das particularidades resultantes das suas intervenções, das suas exigências, dos seus desejos, das suas intenções, das suas sensibilidades. Logo, aqui pretende-se demonstrar a importância e respectivas repercussões, destes e de outros exemplos, na evolução, caracterização e concretização da “casa” dos dias de hoje. Contudo, curiosamente, estas transformações sociais também induziram a um exponencial aumento de mulheres arquitectas, não só ligadas à prática, mas também ao ensino e à investigação em Arquitectura. Agora, muitas mulheres enchem as universidades de todo o mundo, dispondo de igualdade de circunstâncias, de meios e formação, discutindo os lugares cimeiros das qualificações. O que nos leva a interrogar: Será que a acção de projecto difere consoante o género? Que instrumentos metodológicos se dispõem para aferir o verdadeiro impacto do pensamento arquitectónico feminino, no acto de projecto? Será que mais do que uma interferência metodológica ou operativa no acto de composição e conformação do projecto, a maior divergência se verifica na procura de soluções, na abordagem ao tema, na sensibilidade, na interpretação dos propósitos? Estas e outras questões serão centrais nesta comunicação. Em suma, aqui pretende-se dar a ver a importância dos valores introduzidos pela mulher na redefinição do espaço doméstico e do próprio conceito de “casa”, as suas repercussões matriciais arquitectónicas, que ao desafiarem convenções e valores pré-estabelecidos, fizeram realçar o poder da Arquitectura e a sua interferência na vida de cada um, no seu quotidiano, questionando o papel da Arquitectura na nossa sociedade contemporânea.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Towards an architecture of emotions: the example of SESC|Pompeia by Lina Bo Bardi

ABSTRACT In SESC|Pompeia designed by Lina Bo Bardi, there’s a big atrium that links several exhibit, reading and living spaces, a stream where the water reflects the zenithal light, and a fireplace that not only warms up the air but also entertains. It’s a public covered "plaza" where one can play around, read in silence, stare at the reflections of the water or the fire, or simply seize the moment in peace, right in the center of the city. All these elements (light, water and fire) convey an absolutely peaceful atmosphere, interfering subtly with the state of mind of the users. Somehow its architecture dictates the rules, imposing harmony. So we wonder: In what way can architecture interfere with the state of mind of its inhabitant? How does architecture use space, light and matter to affect one’s mood? What methodological tools are available to measure emotional effects caused by an architectural experience? SESC|Pompeia is a Culture and Leisure Center located in Vila Pompeia (São Paulo-Brazil), built in 1982, where each detail emphasizes Lina’s intentions to reconcile the traditional techniques (evident in the rehabilitated expression of the pre-existences) with a Modern language (expressed in the “new” concrete buildings). It was a visionary and sensitive type of architecture, rooted in simplicity. Lina's intention wasn’t the submission of architecture to the site but rather the enrichment of both through its profound comprehension, adding some vernacular culture and poetry. Lina's architecture always had a social purpose, being extremely humanized, resulting from a comprehensive look at the city, its daily life, its rituals, its organization and its needs, but never neglecting the site, the context and the users. What are the elements that make her architecture so powerful, inducing emotional impact on people? In this paper we aims to scrutinize Lina Bo Bardi’s architecture, to understand how emotions impact the perception of architecture, gauging its role in our society and its effective influence on the life of each one of us.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Redefining cooperativa bandim for sustainable impact: how is bandim structured and what are its core pain points

Currently, Cooperativa Bandim is dedicated to uplifting migrant women through the development of products and services in the handcraft creative industry, aiming at their financial stability. However, Bandim faces a critical issue: existing activities are not generating equitable income opportunities for all cooperants due to root problems within the organization. This project redefines Bandim’s mission, aligning with the commitment to poverty alleviation. The focus is on redefining the core activities, marketing, and organizational structure, unlocking the potential for financial sustainability, concluding with a clear path to measure social impact, and ensuring a meaningful difference in the lives of migrant women

Leadership and supervision in pre-service Economics and Accounting teacher education in Portugal

[EN] The process of leadership and pedagogical supervision in preservice teacher education is a determining factor in the relationship that needs to be established between the higher education institution (HEI) and the cooperating school (CS) where the future teacher carries out his supervised pedagogical practice. This study intends to analyze this process of leadership and supervision, understanding this relationship in a perspective of effective collaboration, reflection and sharing of practices, assuming the teacher of the CS as a fundamental element of the process. Based on this assumption, it will be important to provide teaching and learning situations with individual and joint reflections, in order to promote autonomy and shared interaction, contributing to professional development and to the co-construction of knowledge. Methodologically, this is a case study with participant observation, within the scope of the Master's Degree in Teaching Economics and Accounting of the Institute of Education of the University of Lisbon, the only master's degree in Portugal that gives professional qualification for teaching in secondary education in Economics and Accounting. With this study hope to obtain a characterization of the leadership and supervision process developed and to delineate the main functions of the mentor teacher as a fundamental part of the process of collaborative supervision, in the context of the current model of teacher training.Rodrigues, AL. (2020). Leadership and supervision in pre-service Economics and Accounting teacher education in Portugal. Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València. 101-110. https://doi.org/10.4995/INN2019.2019.10103OCS10111

The legitimation of innovative ideas in the process of architectural design

In the architectural practice, the correct ideas - being property of all - are naturally assimilated and its validation is guaranteed by the evidence of the facts in the building. This way, the good ideas result in good practice, decoding a “modus faciendi” inherent to the discipline of architecture, where the passage of time does lead to its own tradition. But when the craving of innovative and different ideas, absurd ideas arise, what legitimacy has the architect to persuade the client, or even being persuaded by the client, to effective them? What methodological tools are available to measure and avoid incongruous and even counterproductive actions and effects for the sake of good architecture? When Aires Mateus Architects chose a sandbox to consolidate the floor of the living room in the weekend house "Casas na Areia” (2010, Comporta_Portugal), appealing to the particular characteristics of this material, read mostly through a sensitive and poetic context, characterizes an absurd idea when read from a functional and operational perspective, taking into account the values contained in the concept of home. Therefore this example will be the motto for the development of this reflection. To sum up, this paper aims to make visible the importance of values in architecture, in defense of a professional practice that aims to go beyond the charming and pleasing design or the blind will to innovate, gauging the role of architecture in our contemporary society

Analysis of a resilient housing project. Quinta da Malagueira (1977) by Álvaro Siza. A lesson to retain

Back in 1974-75, Portugal had to face a huge housing problem: half a million of Portuguese people had to be reintegrated in the Portuguese society. The decolonization imposed by the end of the dictatorship (called Estado Novo), which stopped controlling the former Portuguese African colonies (Angola, Mozambique, etc.), was the reason behind the return of 500 thousand people to such a small country in less than a year. In fact, they did it honourably. Besides many other solutions, resultant of the generosity of the native people, some housing cost-controlled programs were settle by the Portuguese Government and took place with pragmatism but without thoughtfulness, from the architectural point of view. But some intervention were remarkable. The Quinta da Malagueira (in Évora, 1977) designed by the architect Álvaro Siza was one of those examples. Sustained in a mere economic support (public, private and community help), facing a coherent reading of the place and addressing solutions related to a methodological analysis of suitable and evolving typologies, streaked to a close relationship with the vernacular materials and techniques, this Social Housing Project became an amazing example of success, right from the beginning. Forty years later it is still a success from social, architectural and urbanistic points of view. So what can we learn with the experience of Quinta da Malagueira? What methodological tools did the architect use that should be retained for the sake of consistent and sustainable Architecture? Concerning namely the inevitable housing crisis resulting from post-conflict scenarios of nowadays, this paper aims to analyse the Quinta da Malagueira Project in order to make visible the key of success of this resilient Housing Project, which has been able to deal with the pressure of the adverse circumstances through times, finding architectural, structural and constructive solutions to face it all. To sum up, this paper aims to scrutinize the methodological process in which this project was achieved, to retain the main lessons, seeking the dwelling for the dignity of mankind

O papel das telecomunicações no crescimento económico : uma aplicação empírica

Mestrado em EconomiaA presente dissertação propõe-se analisar o contributo das infra-estruturas de telecomunicações como determinante do crescimento económico de 25 países membros da União Europeia durante o período de 2000 a 2008. Após uma breve caracterização do sector de telecomunicações é feito o enquadramento teórico e a revisão de literatura relevante que associa o desenvolvimento de infra-estruturas ao crescimento económico. Em seguida é utilizada a técnica econométrica de análise de dados em painel no sentido de obter evidência que permita confirmar a importância das telecomunicações nas políticas de desenvolvimento económico. ABSTRACT: This dissertation proposes to examine the contribution of telecommunications infrastructure as a determinant of economic growth of 25 member countries of the European Union during the period 2000 to 2008. After a brief characterization of telecommunications industry is made the theoretical framework and review of relevant literature linking the development of infrastructure to economic growth. Then is used the econometric technique panel data analysis in order to obtain evidence to confirm the role of telecommunications in economic development policies