Cost Forecasting Model of Transmission Project based on the PSO-BP Method

In order to solve being sensitive to the initial weights, slow convergence, being easy to fall into local minimum and other problems of the BP neural network, this paper introduces the Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm into the Artificial Neural Network training, and construct a BP neural network model optimized by the particle swarm optimization. This method can speed up the convergence and improve the prediction accuracy. Through the analysis of the main factors on the cost of transmission line project, dig out the path and lead factors, topography and meteorological factors, the tower and the tower base materials and other factors. Use the PSO-BP model for the cost forecasting of transmission line project based on historical project data. The result shows that the method can predict the cost effectively. Compared with the traditional BP neural network, the method can predict with higher accuracy, and can be generalized and applied in cost forecasting of actual projects

Positive Solutions and Mann Iterative Algorithms for a Nonlinear Three-Dimensional Difference System

The existence of uncountably many positive solutions and Mann iterative approximations for a nonlinear three-dimensional difference system are proved by using the Banach fixed point theorem. Four illustrative examples are also provided

Propofol causes neuronal degeneration in neonatal mice and long-term neurocognitive consequences in adult mice

Purpose: To investigate the effect of propofol on brain development in neonatal mice and long-term neurocognitive impact in adult mice.Method: The offspring of female C57Bl/6 and male CD-1 mice were administered propofol at concentrations of 2.5 and 5.0 mg/kg (treatment group) or normal saline (control) on postnatal day 7. Thereafter, histological and immunohistochemical examinations were performed on the mice brain. Apoptotic assay, neuronal nuclei antigen immunohistochemistry (to assess neuron density), and behavioral and neurocognitive tests were conducted on the adult mice.Results: Propofol induced cellular degeneration and apoptosis in the brains of neonatal mice. It also modulated physiological parameters (pH, PO2, glucose and lactate), among which decreased blood glucose might be associated with cellular degeneration in the brain. Propofol also caused long-term neuronal deficits in adults, which showed impaired neurocognitive functions. Upon reaching adulthood, propofol-treated mice showed slow learning response and poor memory compared to controls.Conclusion: Propofol causes neurodegeneration in neonatal mice and has long-term neurocognitive consequences in adults, indicating that the use of propofol anesthetics in neonates requires careful consideration.Keywords: Anesthesia, Apoptosis, Brain injury, Neonate, Neurodegeneration, Propofo