Auditoría de cumplimiento en la gestión administrativa en una institución pública del sector vivienda, Lima - Perú

A presente pesquisa teve o objetivo geral de estabelecer como a auditoria de compliance influencia a gestão administrativa em uma instituição pública do setor habitacional, Lima-Peru. A população foi composta por 102 colaboradores de uma instituição estadual; que foram avaliados com o questionário de auditoría de conformidade e o questionário de gestão administrativa que foram submetidos à análise de confiabilidade alfa e validade de construto; consentimento prévio informado. A pesquisa foi básica, quantitativa e com método hipotético dedutivo; além disso, o desenho não experimental, transacional, correlacional-causal. Os resultados com a estatística de regressão logística mostraram significância de p = 0,363 e menor que o nível de significância de 0,05; Além disso, o pseudo-quadrado de Nalgerkeke foi de 66%, o que indica eficácia preditiva da probabilidade de ocorrência das dimensões da variável gestão administrativa. Por fim, conclui-se que existe uma relação entre a gestão administrativa e a auditoria de conformidade na unidade executora do setor habitacional - Lima 2021

Effector-mediated suppression of plant defense against biotrophs through activation of antagonistic defense against necrotrophs

Plant hormones are small molecules involved in the regulation of plant growth, development, reproduction and stress responses. Salicylic acid (SA) and jasmonates (JA) are essential for the activation of defence responses against pathogens. SA signaling is involved in triggering immunity against biotrophic pathogens while JA activates resistance against necrotrophic pathogens. The SA and JA pathways are mostly antagonistic: elevated biotroph resistance correlates with increased necrotroph susceptibility, and vice versa. Using transcriptomics to look for a functional overlap between plant gene silencing and type III-mediated plant responses we found that genes associated to JA signaling were overrepresented in the overlapping set, more so than SA-related genes. We present here the results of the ensuing analysis, showing effector-mediated activation of the JA pathway as a virulence mechanism, and establishing a novel role for gene silencing in the regulation of the JA pathway.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech - See more at: http://riuma.uma.es/xmlui/handle/10630/5393/submit/12176e8e39815b4d6112192a6815221718868c2f.continue#sthash.RYCQTkwy.dpu

PLANEACIÓN DIDÁCTICA GENERAL DE LA ASIGNATURA: LÓGICA

GUÍA DIDÁCTICA / PLANEACIÓN DIDÁCTICA (NMS

Molecular Diagnosis and Precision Therapeutic Approaches for Telomere Biology Disorders

Telomeres are nucleo-protein structures located at the end of chromosomes that protect them from degradation. Telomeres length is maintained by the activity of the telomerase complex. These structures are protected by a specialized protein complex named shelterin. In the absence of telomerase activity and/or protection telomeres are shortened after each round of DNA replication. When a critical size is reached, telomeres are recognized as damaged DNA by the cell p53-dependent DNA-repair system. Persistent activation of this pathway finally results in cell apoptosis or senescence

Caracterización de la hipotética proteína de defensa codificada por el gen At5G38850 en Arabidopsis thaliana

La defensa PTI (Pattern triggered immunity) en plantas evita la infección por parte de un gran número de patógenos. P. syringae suprime la PTI mediante proteínas (efectores) introducidas en el interior de la célula vegetal por un sistema de secreción tipo III. La ETI (Effector triggered immunity), detecta la actividad de los efectores, mediante receptores intracelulares denominados proteínas “R”. En plantas, los pequeños RNAs participan en regulación de la expresión mediante silenciamiento génico. Existen dos tipos de pequeños RNAs en silenciamiento génico: pequeños RNAs interferentes (siRNAs) y microRNAs (miRNAs). Los miRNAs son RNAs no codificantes de cadena sencilla que reducir la expresión de transcritos mediante la unión al complejo RISC (RNA-induced silencing complex) por un mecanismo dependiente de secuencia. Este mecanismo regula las respuestas de defensa frente a muchos patógenos. Nosotros trabajamos con miR825* de A. thaliana que presenta como dianas genes “R” aún por caracterizar. MiR825* regula la expresión de estos genes R y desencadena la generación de pequeños RNAs en fase (phasiRNAs) a partir de una de estas dianas. La activación de PTI determina una bajada en los niveles de miRNA825* , activándo así la expresión de estos genes R. Plantas con niveles alterados de miRNA825* muestran una PTI alterada. Hemos seleccionado una de las dianas reguladas por este miRNA, el gen AT5G38850, y hemos mostrado mediante fusiones a GFP y. microscopia confocal, que se localiza tanto en el núcleo como en el citoplasma. También hemos caracterizado el patrón de expresión del gen y del miRNA, demostrando que este último regula los niveles del primero en diferentes tejidos. La expresión inducible de la proteína en los fondos Col-0 (silvestre) y DCL234 (mutante afectado en la biogénesis de siRNAs) lleva a su acumulación solo en el fondo mutante , sugierendo un mecanismo de autorregulación mediado por phasiRNAs.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Molecular characterization of MicroRNA-silenced TNL-1 (MIST1) and its role in plant defense

miRNAs are sequence-dependent negative regulators of gene expression involved in many relevant plant processes, including immunity. Activation of defence genes can negatively impact plant fitness, and thus needs to be fine-tuned. miRNA-mediated regulation of gene expression is mediated by the activity of DCL proteins that induce cleavage of target transcripts. We have described miR825-5p as involved in the regulation of immunity. This miRNA specifically targets R genes of the TNL family. We have characterized the regulatory system formed by miRNA825-5p and its main target MIST1. This miRNA only triggers the RDR6-DCL4-dependent production of phasiRNAs from MIST1. MIST1 is the NLR gene from which the most phasiRNAs are produced in Arabidopsis. We reported that pri-miR825 is down-regulated after PAMP-perception and demonstrated that plants with altered levels of miR825-5p exhibit altered PTI-associated phenotypes. In addition, MIST1 has been described to be regulated by other mechanisms like nonsense mediated decay or polyubiquitination. We have characterized the expression pattern of both MIR825 and MIST1 and are currently studying the putative molecular role of MIST1 in defence apart from its demonstrated role as a miRNA825-5p-linked regulatory hub for TNLs regulation in Arabidopsis thaliana.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tec

The When and Where: How development modulates immunity through a miRNA-NLR-phasiRNA network

Plants possess a battery of dedicated intracellular immune receptors known as nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat proteins (NLRs) involved in recognition of pathogen-derived effectors and activation of effector-triggered immunity (ETI). In a recent work, we report a two-tiered regulatory network in Arabidopsis mediated by a microRNA (miR825-5p) and a wave of secondary NLR-derived phased small RNAs (phasi-NLRs) involved in silencing dozens of NLR genes encoding Toll/interleukin-1 NLRs (TNLs). In our model, targeting of MIST1 (microRNA-silenced TNL1) transcripts by miR825-5p, triggers the generation of phasi-NLRs that subsequently silence a wide network of TNL-encoding genes and reinforce the silencing of MIST1. Current knowledge regarding how these networks are modulated contribute to immunity during different developmental stages is scarce. Through generation of GUS-based A. thaliana reporter lines we have characterized the expression pattern of both MIR825 and MIST1 genes and the domain activity of miR825-5p. A comprehensive analysis of RNA and small RNA-seq datasets, unravelled a hitherto unknown connection between miR825-5p/phasi-NLR mediated regulation of NLRs and plant development. Further analysis supports the notion that the action of this regulatory mechanism is restricted to control NLR expression in leaves. We are working to understand how the changes on miRNA/phasi-NLR levels during developmental stages modulate the immune response and the biological impact of this developmental-dependent regulation on plant health. Our results point to a developmentally regulated sRNA-based control of NLR expression in Arabidopsis and shed light on how levels of these regulatory molecules (miRNAs and phasi-NLRs) are modulated during development or in an organ specific manner to fine-tune NLR expression.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

PLANEACIÓN DIDÁCTICA GENERAL DE LA ASIGNATURA DE LÓGICA

GUÍA DIDÁCTICA / PLANEACIÓN DIDÁCTICA (NMS

Animal Models of Rheumatoid Arthritis

Autoimmunity is a condition in which the host organizes an immune response against its own antigens. Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is an autoimmune disease of unknown etiology, characterized by the presence of chronic inflammatory infiltrates, the development of destructive arthropathy, bone erosion, and degradation of the articular cartilage and subchondral bone. There is currently no treatment that resolves the disease, only the use of palliatives, and not all patients respond to pharmacologic therapy. According to RA multifactorial origin, several in vivo models have been used to evaluate its pathophysiology as well as to identify the usefulness of biomarkers to predict, to diagnose, or to evaluate the prognosis of the disease. This chapter focuses on the most common in vivo models used for the study of RA, including those related with genetic, immunological, hormonal, and environmental interactions. Similarly, the potential of these models to understand RA pathogenesis and to test preventive and therapeutic strategies of autoimmune disorder is also highlighted. In conclusion, of all the animal models discussed, the CIA model could be considered the most successful by generating arthritis using type II collagen and adjuvants and evaluating therapeutic compounds both intra-articularly and systemically

Bioética. El final de la vida y las voluntades anticipadas

Esta obra contiene textos elaborados por investigadores de diferentes áreas del conocimiento: medicina, filosofía, derecho, entre otras especialidades, pertenecientes a distintos países: España, Chile y México. El objetivo principal de este libro es servir de referente teórico a otros investigadores de bioética, y especialmente a los que son o desean estar especializados en la comprensión del final de la vida y las voluntades anticipadas en el ámbito sanitario en cualquier país del mundo