Effect of Protein Restriction During Mid-to Late Gestation of Beef Cows on Female Offspring Fertility, Lactation Performance and Calves Development

Cow calf operation in Argentina are managed under extensive grazing condition and the quality of forages is often poor during second half of gestation. Protein restriction in bovine gestation affects production traits in progeny. The present work investigated the effects of two levels of crude protein (CP) provided to mature dams during late gestation on subsequent heifer’s growth postweaning, reproductive performance, milk production and grand offspring evolution. At 121 d prepartum, 68 multiparous Angus cows were randomly assigned to low protein (LP, 6% CP) or high protein (HP, 12% CP) at 12 pens per treatment group. Following calving, all cow/calf pairs were housed together until weaning, then female progeny were removed and maintained on pasture as a single group. At puberty (P = 0.01) and pregnancy determination (P = 0.05) the HP heifers were heavier than LP heifers. The LM area was greater at 20 mo of age in HP compared to LP heifers (P = 0.01) and the HP heifers had greater 12th rib fat thickness at 30 and 35 mo of age (P = 0.02). Serum IGF-1 concentration was greater in HP heifers compared to LP heifers (P = 0.05). No dam nutrition effects were found on offspring age at puberty (P = 0.98), final pregnancy rate (P = 0.28) or milk yield (P = 0.76) but heifers born to LP dams had greater milk protein percentage (P = 0.04) and tended to produce increased milk fat percentage (P = 0.08) compared with HP heifers. The LP grand offspring grew faster from birth until weaning compared with HP grand offspring (P < 0.01) with reduced insulin concentrations (P = 0.03) and tended to have increased glucose concentrations than HP calves (P = 0.09). Protein supplementation during late gestation does not affect reproductive performance of the offspring heifers but did impact their BW evolution, milk quality and grand offspring performance. Implications: The use of diet with low amount of protein which the female fetus is exposed in utero can affect her subsequent development and ability to nourish subsequent generations.EEA Cuenca del SaladoFil: Lopez Valiente, Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Maresca, Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Rodriguez, Alejandro Martin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Long, Nathan M. Clemson University. Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Quintans, Graciela I. Instituto Nacional de Investigación Agropecuaria (INIA); UruguayFil: Palladino, Rafael Alejandro. Universidad Nacional de Lomas de Zamora. Facultad de Ciencias Agrarias; ArgentinaFil: Palladino, Rafael Alejandro. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentin

Efectos de la inyección de cobre en vacas Angus al final de la gestación sobre el crecimiento fetal y posnatal de sus crías

Para determinar si la inyección de Cu durante el último tercio de gestación puede afectar el crecimiento fetal y posnatal de la progenie, se utilizaron 70 vacas Angus con 219 ± 15 días de gestación y se asignaron al azar a uno de dos tratamientos: Cu+ (n = 35), vacas a las cuales se les administró por vía subcutánea (SC) 160 mg de Cu en dos momentos (80 mg por momento) a los 64 ± 15 y 54 ± 15 días preparto; y vacas Cu- (n = 35), a las cuales se les administró por vía SC 16 ml de solución estéril de NaCl (9 g/L) en dos momentos (8 ml por momento) a los 64 ± 15 y 54 ± 15 días preparto. Al comienzo del experimento la concentración sérica de Cu de las vacas fue similar (P = 0,34) entre tratamientos y los valores reflejaron una deficiencia severa de Cu en el rodeo (Cu+ = 24,2 ± 1,5 μg/dl; Cu- = 22,2 ± 1,4 μg/dl). Sin embargo, al parto, la concentración sérica de Cu fue mayor (P 0,10) entre los tratamientos. Sin embargo, el PV del ternero ajustado a los 75 días de edad tendió a ser mayor (P = 0,10) en los terneros hijos de vacas Cu+ en comparación con los terneros de hijos de vacas Cu-. La ganancia diaria de peso (GDP) de terneros desde el nacimiento hasta los 75 días de edad fue mayor (P = 0,04) en terneros de vacas Cu+ en comparación con terneros de vacas Cu-. Durante el período de terminación, el PV de los novillos, el espesor de la grasa a la altura de la 12.a costilla y el área del músculo longuissimus no se vieron afectados (P> 0,10) por los tratamientos. En resumen, la inyección de Cu inorgánico durante el último tercio de gestación en vacas de cría con deficiencia severa de Cu permitió aumentar la concentración sérica de Cu en terneros desde el nacimiento hasta los 160 días de edad. Este evento se asoció con un aumento de la GDP y una tendencia a aumentar el PV durante los primeros 75 días de vida. Después de los 75 días de edad no se observó ningún efecto sobre el rendimiento de sus crías.EEA Cuenca del SaladoFil: Rodriguez, Alejandro Martin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Valiente, Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Mattioli, Guillermo Alberto. Universidad Nacional de La Plata. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias. Laboratorio de Nutrición Animal y Fisiología de la Reproducción; ArgentinaFil: Maresca, Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; Argentin

Exposure to toxic fescue during late gestation on beef cows: effects on cow performance and offspring performance from birth to weaning

To examine the effects of endophyte-infected tall fescue during late gestation on maternal and offspring performance, multiparous Angus cows (n = 40) were bred via AI and allocated into grazing treatments: toxic (E+) or nontoxic (E-) endophyte tall fescue. Cows body weight (BW), body temperature, body condition score (BCS), and respiration rate were recorded and blood samples collected on 180, 210 and 240 days of gestation. Calf's BW were recorded at birth and weaning. Cow/calf pairs were managed as one group on nontoxic pasture from calving until weaning (180 days of age). Body weight decreased (P = 0.022) and body temperature increased (P < 0.0001) at day 240 in E+ compared to E-cows. BCS did not differ (P = 0.891) between treatments. Respiratory frequency increased (P = 0.003) in E+ compared to E-cows. Ergovaline concentration of urine increased (P = 0.003) at day 210 and 240 in E+ compared to E-cows. Prolactin concentrations decreased (P < 0.0001) at day 210 in E+ compared to E-cows. Birth and weaning weight decreased (P < 0.05) in calves from E+ cows compared to E-cows. Overall, grazing endophyte-infected tall fescue reduced maternal and subsequent offspring BW.EEA BalcarceFil: McCarty, Keelee. Clemson University. Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences; Estados UnidosFil: Bence, Ángel. Universidad Nacional del Centro de la Provincia de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias; ArgentinaFil: Maresca, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; Argentina.Fil: Lopez Valiente, Sebastián. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; Argentina.Fil: Rodriguez, Alejandro. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; Argentina.Fil: Cantón, Germán José. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Long, Nathan M. Clemson University. Department of Animal and Veterinary Sciences; Estados Unido

Efecto de la vacunación contra el virus de la fiebre aftosa sobre la pérdida de preñez en un rodeo de bovinos para carne

Se realizó un estudio para evaluar el efecto de la vacunación contra el virus de la fiebre aftosa (FA), aplicada durante el periodo embrionario, sobre la pérdida de preñez en un rodeo de vacas Angus que habían sido inseminadas artificialmente a tiempo fijo (IATF). Treinta y dos días post IATF se realizó el diagnóstico de gestación. Doscientas noventa y tres hembras preñadas (vaquillonas, n = 108, vacas primíparas, n = 88 y vacas multíparas, n = 97) fueron asignadas al azar a uno de dos tratamientos: vacunadas (VAC; n = 147) contra el virus de FA a los 32 días post IATF, y sin vacunar (NOVAC; n = 146). Sesenta días post IATF se realizó un segundo diagnóstico de gestación y se cuantificó la pérdida de preñez. No se observaron diferencias significativas (P = 0,78) en el porcentaje de pérdida de preñez entre los 32 y 60 días post IATF entre VAC (4,76%) y NOVAC (5,48%). Bajo las condiciones del presente estudio, la aplicación de la vacuna contra el virus de la FA a los 32 días de gestación no tuvo efecto en la pérdida de preñez en bovinos Angus.A study was conducted to evaluate the effect of foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) virus vaccination, applied during the embryonic period, on pregnancy loss of Angus cows pregnant by fixed-time artificial insemination (FTAI). Thirty-two days after FTAI pregnancy diagnosis was carried out. Two hundred ninety three pregnant cattle (heifers, n = 108, primiparous cows, n = 88 and multiparous cows, n = 97) were randomly assigned to one of two treatments: FMD vaccinated (VAC, n = 147) at 32 days after FTAI, and without vaccinating (NOVAC, n = 146). Sixty days after FTAI pregnancy diagnosis was carried out in order to quantify pregnancy losses. No significant differences (P = 0.78) in the percentage of pregnancy losses between 32 and 60 days after fixedtime AI between VAC (4.76%) and NOVAC (5.48%) were observed. Under the conditions of the present study, the application of FMD vaccination at 32 days of gestation had no effect on pregnancy loss in Angus cattle.EEA Cuenca del SaladoFil: Rodriguez, Alejandro Martin. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Guzman, Cesar Federico. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Lopez Valiente, Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Maletti, Ernesto Juan. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; ArgentinaFil: Canton, German Jose. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Balcarce; ArgentinaFil: Maresca, Sebastian. Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA). Estación Experimental Agropecuaria Cuenca del Salado; Argentin

Measurement and interpretation of same-sign W boson pair production in association with two jets in pp collisions at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

This paper presents the measurement of fducial and diferential cross sections for both the inclusive and electroweak production of a same-sign W-boson pair in association with two jets (W±W±jj) using 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data recorded at a centre-of-mass energy of √s = 13 TeV by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. The analysis is performed by selecting two same-charge leptons, electron or muon, and at least two jets with large invariant mass and a large rapidity diference. The measured fducial cross sections for electroweak and inclusive W±W±jj production are 2.92 ± 0.22 (stat.) ± 0.19 (syst.)fb and 3.38±0.22 (stat.)±0.19 (syst.)fb, respectively, in agreement with Standard Model predictions. The measurements are used to constrain anomalous quartic gauge couplings by extracting 95% confdence level intervals on dimension-8 operators. A search for doubly charged Higgs bosons H±± that are produced in vector-boson fusion processes and decay into a same-sign W boson pair is performed. The largest deviation from the Standard Model occurs for an H±± mass near 450 GeV, with a global signifcance of 2.5 standard deviations

Studies of new Higgs boson interactions through nonresonant HH production in the b¯bγγ fnal state in pp collisions at √s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A search for nonresonant Higgs boson pair production in the b ¯bγγ fnal state is performed using 140 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at a centre-of-mass energy of 13 TeV recorded by the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. This analysis supersedes and expands upon the previous nonresonant ATLAS results in this fnal state based on the same data sample. The analysis strategy is optimised to probe anomalous values not only of the Higgs (H) boson self-coupling modifer κλ but also of the quartic HHV V (V = W, Z) coupling modifer κ2V . No signifcant excess above the expected background from Standard Model processes is observed. An observed upper limit µHH &lt; 4.0 is set at 95% confdence level on the Higgs boson pair production cross-section normalised to its Standard Model prediction. The 95% confdence intervals for the coupling modifers are −1.4 &lt; κλ &lt; 6.9 and −0.5 &lt; κ2V &lt; 2.7, assuming all other Higgs boson couplings except the one under study are fxed to the Standard Model predictions. The results are interpreted in the Standard Model efective feld theory and Higgs efective feld theory frameworks in terms of constraints on the couplings of anomalous Higgs boson (self-)interactions

Combination of searches for heavy spin-1 resonances using 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at s = 13 TeV with the ATLAS detector

A combination of searches for new heavy spin-1 resonances decaying into different pairings of W, Z, or Higgs bosons, as well as directly into leptons or quarks, is presented. The data sample used corresponds to 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collisions at = 13 TeV collected during 2015–2018 with the ATLAS detector at the CERN Large Hadron Collider. Analyses selecting quark pairs (qq, bb, , and tb) or third-generation leptons (τν and ττ) are included in this kind of combination for the first time. A simplified model predicting a spin-1 heavy vector-boson triplet is used. Cross-section limits are set at the 95% confidence level and are compared with predictions for the benchmark model. These limits are also expressed in terms of constraints on couplings of the heavy vector-boson triplet to quarks, leptons, and the Higgs boson. The complementarity of the various analyses increases the sensitivity to new physics, and the resulting constraints are stronger than those from any individual analysis considered. The data exclude a heavy vector-boson triplet with mass below 5.8 TeV in a weakly coupled scenario, below 4.4 TeV in a strongly coupled scenario, and up to 1.5 TeV in the case of production via vector-boson fusion

Combination of searches for invisible decays of the Higgs boson using 139 fb−1 of proton-proton collision data at root s=13 TeV collected with the ATLAS experiment

Many extensions of the Standard Model predict the production of dark matter particles at the LHC. Sufficiently light dark matter particles may be produced in decays of the Higgs boson that would appear invisible to the detector. This Letter presents a statistical combination of searches for H→invisible decays where multiple production modes of the Standard Model Higgs boson are considered. These searches are performed with the ATLAS detector using 139 fb−1of proton–proton collisions at a centre–of–mass energy of √s=13TeV at the LHC. In combination with the results at √s=7TeV and 8TeV, an upper limit on the H→invisible branching ratio of 0.107 (0.077) at the 95% confidence level is observed (expected). These results are also interpreted in the context of models where the 125GeV Higgs boson acts as a portal to dark matter, and limits are set on the scattering cross-section of weakly interacting massive particles and nucleons