Copulas, Chaotic Processes and Time Series: a Survey

In this work we summarize some of recent and classical results on the role played by copulas in the analysis of chaotic processes and univariate time series. We review some aspects of the copulas related to chaotic process, its properties and applications. We also present a review on classical and modern approaches to understand the relationship among random variables in Markov processes as well as short and long memory time series as well as ergodic properties of copula-based Markov processes

Experiences Situating Mathematical Problem Solving At The Core Of Early Childhood Classrooms

Our goal in this article is to discuss the importance of problems in early childhood education for the child’s development and engagement with the mathematics existing in childhood culture. Our assumption is that an important task for young children’s education is to create a democratic and critical environment, in which multiplicity of perspectives is celebrated, along with diversity of concepts and practices, with movement between imaginary and real worlds. In light of this, the goal of this article is to defend a perspective for curriculum and for the role of the mathematics educator, promoting the learning of mathematics through problem solving in early childhood years. In order to discuss and illustrate this perspective we describe the pedagogical practices of two teachers who teach 4- and 5-years-olds, who create for their students an environment rich in problem solving and investigations. In both classrooms, all children individually succeeded in sharing their unique solutions and new knowledge constructed as a result of their inquiries. The experience provides evidence that problem solving affords children the opportunity to raise conjectures, to discuss possibilities and to draw conclusions, even if partial ones, that are then vetted by the group as the authors share their solutions. In this way, the work with problem solving nurtures cooperative learning and promotes the exploration of a diversity of ideas. © 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.45225125

The subscapular artery and the thoracodorsal branch: an anatomical study

The motive for this research was the use of the muscles of the scapular region in transposition, transplantation and reparative surgery and the need for more detailed knowledge of the blood supply to these muscles. In addition, the subscapular arterial tree may be used as a source of microvascular grafts to replace damaged or diseased portions of arteries, particularly in the hand and forearm. The research was conducted on 60 sides of corpses of adults of both sexes. It was noticed that the subscapular artery was present in 96.7% of cases and originated laterally to the pectoralis minor muscle in 76.7% of cases. The average calibre was 5.0 mm, and in 73.2% of cases it measured between 4.0 and 5.9 mm. The average length was 18.0 mm, ranging from 10.0 to 29.9 mm (76.7%). It presented in its course important relations with the axillary nerve (69%) and with the radial nerve (82.8%). Its branches were collateral (subscapular muscle - 61.3%) and terminal (except for the circumflex scapular artery), leading to the following muscles: serratus anterior (43.9%), latissimus dorsi (27.6%), and subscapular (23.3%). The thoracodorsal artery, one of the terminal branches, most frequently showed a calibre of between 2.0 and 3.9 mm (70.3%), collateral branches in 85.0%, was mainly distributed to the subscapular muscle (36.7%) and to the serratus anterior muscle (29.0%) and had terminal branches to the following muscles: latissimus dorsi (44.1%), serratus anterior (40.5%) and the subscapular (12.5%). The serratus anterior muscle received one branch in 39.5% and two branches in 41.9%, while the latissimus dorsi muscle received one branch in 66.7% and two branches in 23.1%. (Folia Morphol 2008; 67: 58-62

Fatores genéticos na variação inter-fratrias das componentes do somatótipo

Esta pesquisa pretende determinar a influência de fatores genéticos e ambientais na variação inter-fratrias nas componentes do somatótipo, bem como apresentar, de modo didático, um conjunto de etapas associados a pesquisa de Genética Quantitativa. A amostra foi constituída por 366 pares de irmãos dos 10 aos 18 anos de idade residentes no nordeste de Portugal Continental. As componentes do somatótipo foram estimadas com base no protocolo descrito por CARTER & HEATH (1990), a partir de 10 medidas somáticas. A análise exploratória dos dados foi efetuada nos “softwares” SPSS e PEDSTATS. As estimativas dos fatores genéticos foram obtidas no “software” SAGE. Os resultados salientaram uma elevada qualidade da informação (erro técnico de medida ≈1%). A componente mesomorfia é a mais elevada qualquer que seja a estrutura das irmandades: irmão-irmão, irmã-irmã, ou irmão-irmã. Mesmo depois de ajustadas para diferentes covariáveis as estimativas dos fatores genéticos são elevadas: 0,49 para a endomorfia, 0,55 para a mesomorfia, e 0,71 para e ectomorfia. Estes resultados sugerem a presença de fatores genéticos substanciais a governar a variação no somatótipo no seio da população

Adequação de uma cidade à smart city com a implementação de um fablab – uma fabcity

Estima-se que mais de 50% da população mundial vive em áreas urbanas e a projeção é que até o ano de 2030 esse número ultrapasse a casa dos 60%. Outro dado interessante é que cerca de metade da população mundial reside nas chamadas cidades de médio porte (aquelas com até 500 mil habitantes), e muitas das cidades que apresentam esse crescimento urbano são estes estabelecimentos urbanos menores. Essas cidades enfrentarão grandes desafios já que é previsto que 95% desse crescimento urbano programado aconteça nelas. Devido ao crescimento das cidades, torna-se cada vez maior a demanda por soluções para problemas mais críticos da sociedade devido à falta de planejamento urbano e recursos cada vez mais escassos e para resolução desses problemas sociais, o conceito de Smart city está sendo disseminado pelo mundo com o objetivo de propor soluções inteligentes para as diversas áreas como: saúde, educação e segurança. Ao contrario do que muitos acreditam, estudos recentes apontam que uma cidade só se torna inteligente quando a relação entre governança e seus habitantes tornam-se mais estreitas, promovendo uma troca de conhecimento de parte a parte. O objetivo do presente trabalho é a elaboração de um documento elencando os procedimentos necessários primeiramente para a criação de um FabLab aberto ao público para que as pessoas tenham um lugar para acolher, desenvolver e prototipar suas ideias com o intuito de melhorar a sociedade em que vivem e posteriormente fazer com que a cidade se torne uma cidade inteligente utilizando o FabLab como seu principal meio de desenvolvimentos de ideias que beneficiem de maneira imediata a vida das pessoas (FabCity).info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Análise e interpretação dos níveis de actividade física de crianças: um tutorial baseado na modelação hierárquica ou multinível

Este tutorial pretende apresentar, de modo didáctico, uma forma alternativa de análise de dados sobre os níveis de actividade física de crianças a partir da modelação hierárquica ou multinível. São mencionadas as diferentes etapas da modelação, os resultados são interpretados com base nos output's do software utilizado – o HLM 6.02. Em cada etapa do percurso são lançadas as hipóteses mais importantes em grau de complexidade crescente. A sua importância é referida a partir dos resultados disponíveis

First Microsatellite Markers Developed From Cupuassu Ests: Application In Diversity Analysis And Cross-species Transferability To Cacao

The cupuassu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. is a fruitful species from the Amazon with great economical potential, due to the multiple uses of its fruit's pulp and seeds in the food and cosmetic industries, including the production of cupulate, an alternative to chocolate. In order to support the cupuassu breeding program and to select plants presenting both pulp/seed quality and fungal disease resistance, SSRs from Next Generation Sequencing ESTs were obtained and used in diversity analysis. From 8,330 ESTs, 1,517 contained one or more SSRs (1,899 SSRs identified). The most abundant motifs identified in the EST-SSRs were hepta-And trinucleotides, and they were found with a minimum and maximum of 2 and 19 repeats, respectively. From the 1,517 ESTs containing SSRs, 70 ESTs were selected based on their functional annotation, focusing on pulp and seed quality, as well as resistance to pathogens. The 70 ESTs selected contained 77 SSRs, and among which, 11 were polymorphic in cupuassu genotypes. These EST-SSRs were able to discriminate the cupuassu genotype in relation to resistance/susceptibility to witches' broom disease, as well as to pulp quality (SST/ATT values). Finally, we showed that these markers were transferable to cacao genotypes, and that genome availability might be used as a predictive tool for polymorphism detection and primer design useful for both Theobroma species. To our knowledge, this is the first report involving EST-SSRs from cupuassu and is also a pioneer in the analysis of marker transferability from cupuassu to cacao. Moreover, these markers might contribute to develop or saturate the cupuassu and cacao genetic maps, respectively. The cupuassu tree (Theobroma grandiflorum) (Willd. ex Spreng.) Schum. is a fruitful species from the Amazon with great economical potential, due to the multiple uses of its fruit's pulp and seeds in the food and cosmetic industries, including the production of cupulate, an alternative to chocolate. In order to support the cupuassu breeding program and to select plants presenting both pulp/seed quality and fungal disease resistance, SSRs from Next Generation Sequencing ESTs were obtained and used in diversity analysis. From 8,330 ESTs, 1,517 contained one or more SSRs (1,899 SSRs identified). The most abundant motifs identified in the EST-SSRs were hepta-And trinucleotides, and they were found with a minimum and maximum of 2 and 19 repeats, respectively. From the 1,517 ESTs containing SSRs, 70 ESTs were selected based on their functional annotation, focusing on pulp and seed quality, as well as resistance to pathogens. The 70 ESTs selected contained 77 SSRs, and among which, 11 were polymorphic in cupuassu genotypes. These EST-SSRs were able to discriminate the cupuassu genotype in relation to resistance/susceptibility to witches' broom disease, as well as to pulp quality (SST/ATT values). Finally, we showed that these markers were transferable to cacao genotypes, and that genome availability might be used as a predictive tool for polymorphism detection and primer design useful for both Theobroma species. To our knowledge, this is the first report involving EST-SSRs from cupuassu and is also a pioneer in the analysis of marker transferability from cupuassu to cacao. Moreover, these markers might contribute to develop or saturate the cupuassu and cacao genetic maps, respectively. © 2016 Ferraz dos Santos et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.11

4D gravity on a non-BPS bent dilatonic brane

We investigate the localization of metastable four-dimensional gravity around a bent dilatonic brane, embedded into a five-dimensional space, that exists only up to distances sufficiently small compared to a crossover scale. Far from such scale, five-dimensional effects strongly deviate the Newtonian potential. We study this effect by considering localization of massive gravity on a non-BPS bent dilatonic 3-brane solution of a five-dimensional supergravity. Our results show that the cosmological constant on the bent brane controls the size of the crossover scale. For sufficiently small positive cosmological constant, that is in accord with the present observations, the crossover scale becomes very large.Comment: 7 pages, version to appear in JCA

Adding flavour to the Polchinski-Strassler background

As an extension of holography with flavour, we analyze in detail the embedding of a D7-brane probe into the Polchinski-Strassler gravity background, in which the breaking of conformal symmetry is induced by a 3-form flux G_3. This corresponds to giving masses to the adjoint chiral multiplets. We consider the N=2 supersymmetric case in which one of the adjoint chiral multiplets is kept massless while the masses of the other two are equal. This setup requires a generalization of the known expressions for the backreaction of G_3 in the case of three equal masses to generic mass values. We work to second order in the masses to obtain the embedding of D7-brane probes in the background. At this order, the 2-form potentials corresponding to the background flux induce an 8-form potential which couples to the worldvolume of the D7-branes. We show that the embeddings preserve an SU(2) x SU(2) symmetry. We study possible embeddings both analytically in a particular approximation, as well as numerically. The embeddings preserve supersymmetry, as we investigate using the approach of holographic renormalization. The meson spectrum associated to one of the embeddings found reflects the presence of the adjoint masses by displaying a mass gap.Comment: LaTeX, 50 pages, 9 figure