Simplified geodata models for integrated urban and public transport planning

The current division between urban and transport planning is a significant obstacle to achieving sustainable urban development. To transform cities towards sustainability, both fields must adopt shared or at least compatible models of the urban systems, namely transport, street and public space networks for all users and urban activities. Although several models and tools have emerged in recent years to facilitate this integration, there are still usability gaps that hinder their wider adoption. One of the gaps is a lack of flexibility to operate at different stages of integrated planning. To address this gap, the study aims to develop a set of aligned and flexible multimodal urban network models and tools to support different stages of planning. This paper focuses on the public transport geodata models, which were built by aggregating a General Transit Feed Specification (GTFS) dataset at various spatial and temporal levels. The aggregation levels range from a baseline data model that is useful for detailed planning stages, up to a topological data model that is suitable for macro scale and strategic planning. By using this unified set of models, the dialogue between the two fields at different integrated planning phases can be facilitated, and decision-making can be enhanced

Revealing the spatial capital of everyday life of rehoused people The case of Minha Casa Minha Vida housing programme in Natal, Brazil

This paper presents partial results of ongoing research that aims at revealing gains and losses in the spatial capital of everyday life of individuals who moved into housing estates financed by public housing programmes, as well as the possible effects of these gains and losses on social and urban issues. The spatial capital of everyday life is a theoretical-methodological effort created as an extension of the spatial capital theory (Marcus, 2010). This effort adds to Marcus\u27s theory possibilities of measuring advantages for urban life from time-based accessibility to land use and configurational measures. To apply this effort to an empirical object, we measured the spatial capital of everyday life of people who moved into housing estates financed by the Minha Casa Minha Vida Housing Programme (MCMV) (“My House, My Life”), the largest housing programme that ever existed in Brazil. Spatial profiles were created from a combination of time-based accessibility measures extracted from unimodal and multimodal transport, land use, and information concerning private and public transport networks. The outcomes show that the beneficiaries of the MCMV with the lowest income suffer more disadvantages in terms of time-based accessibility to daily life support services and aspects of the network configuration, which may be engendering higher locational costs and deepening a process of socio-spatial segregation. These results indicate that the analytical approach is effective in calculating aspects related to access within the city, and can be an important ally to capture issues inherent to everyday life and to support decision-makers

Sermoens varios : primeyra parte dedicada ao reverendissimo senhor Pedro Hasse de Belem ...

Port. con grab. xil

a narrative review

Through development, a child?s varied movement contexts provide different opportunities or affordances for action that are fundamental to promoting motor competence. Although home is the primary environment for infants, as children age, school and sport environments gain importance. Studies focusing on affordances for motor behavior in children have mainly addressed the home microsystem, providing an incomplete picture of affordances across different settings, particularly later in development. Here, we undertook a narrative literature review of various affordances for children?s motor development. This review revealed that prior studies of school and sports contexts have not specifically focused on those environmental properties that promote or hinder motor learning opportunities, meaning that future research should assess these relationships through manipulations of environmental features in these different microsystems.4811-99FE-2ECD | Luis Paulo RodriguesN/

Microbial community dynamics in diesel waste biodegradation using sequencing batch bioreactor operation mode (SBR)

The dynamic of molecular microbial community during diesel waste biodegradation was investigated. The waste was treated in bioreactors operated in sequencing batch operation mode (SBR) in four cycles of 72 h, using optimized setpoints (pH, initial waste load, C:N ratio, aeration). Optimal conditions allowed the system to reach biodegradation of 53.3, 96.0, 76.2 and 75.0% at the end of cycles one, two three and four, respectively. Oxygen uptake rate (OUR) indicated increases in microbial activity from cycle one to cycle two (124.9 to 252.9 mgO2/L/h) and decreases in cycles three and four (120.4 to 108.8 mgO2/L/h, respectively). Investigations of microbial diversity showed changes in the microbial community members at the end of the cycle one. Significant reductions in the relative ecotoxicity were observed beginning with cycle two, and the reductions extended until the end of process. The SBR operation mode proved to be an efficient method for treating the diesel waste, and the process allowed for relevant reductions in the hydrocarbon content of the waste along with an increase in its environmental quality. Changes in the microbial members are evidence of the synergistic action of the microbiota in the process.Key words: Microbial diversity, denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis, sequencing batch, biodegradation

Global environmental changes: setting priorities for Latin American coastal habitats.

The definitive version is available at www.blackwell-synergy.comThe Intergovernmental Panel for Climate Change (IPCC) reports that Global Environmental Changes (GEC) are occurring quicker than at any other time over the last 25 million years and impacting upon marine environments (Bellard et al., 2012). There is overwhelming evidence showing that GEC are affecting both the quality and quantity of the goods and services provided by a wide range of marine ecosystems. In order to discuss regional preparedness for global environmental changes, a workshop was held in Ilhabela, Brazil (22- 26 April 2012) entitled "Evaluating the Sensitivity of Central and South American Benthic Communities to Global Environmental Changes" that drew together scientists from ten Latin American and three European countries. © 2013 Blackwell Publishing Ltd

Optimization of culture conditions for exopolysaccharides production in Rhizobium sp. using the response surface method

The combined effects of the processing parameters for exopolysaccharides production by Rhizobium sp. was studied using the experimental design and response surface methodology. The experiments were carried out using a fermenter with 20 L capacity, as the reactor. All processing parameters were online monitored. The temperature [(30 \ub1 1)\ub0C] and pH value (7.0 \ub1 0.1) were kept constant throughout the experimental time. As statistical tools, a complete 23 factorial planning with central point and response surface were used to study the interactions among three relevant variables of the fermentation process: calcium carbonate concentration, aeration and agitation. The processing parameters setup for reaching a maximum response for exopolysaccharides production was obtained when applying the highest values for calcium carbonate concentration (1.1 g/L), aeration (1.3 vvm) and agitation (800 rpm). In addition, the combination of these optimum processing parameters yielded YP/S (g/g) = 0.35