Molecular genetic diversity and mating system in sacha inchi progenies

Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis L.) is a species with nutraceutical benefits traditionally consumed by Amazonic indigenous and urban communities. Studies on the genetic diversity and mating system are required to preserve and make the best use of the genetic resources for this species. This study aimed to estimate the genetic diversity and mating system parameters of sacha inchi progenies using Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism (AFLP) markers. A total of 360 progenies from 30 accessions of sacha inchi were analyzed using three AFLP primers combinations. The percentage variation between and within families and the crossing rate, among other parameters, were estimated. The AFLP markers were efficient in genetically differentiating progenies, revealing 251 (98.82 %) polymorphic fragments. The analysis of molecular variance showed that the strongest variation occurs between progenies (57.16 %). However, the genetic differentiation within progenies was considerable (42.84 %), and could be exploited in breeding programs. The estimated population outcrossing rate was high (0.957), indicating it is a predominantly allogamous species. On the other hand, 33.7 % of the crosses occurred between related individuals. The estimate for biparental crosses revealed that the progenies consisted mainly of half-siblings (66.9 %) and full-siblings (28.8 %). For purposes of breeding and ex situ genetic conservation, sacha inchi seeds should be collected from a large number of parent plants

Os efeitos da realidade virtual para reabilitação de pacientes pós AVE

 Introdução: O acidente vascular encefálico (AVE) ocorre quando o suprimento sanguíneo do cérebro é cessado ou ocorre um sangramento dentro ou ao redor do cérebro, resultando em danos cerebrais. A sequela causada por um acidente vascular encefálico irá depender da área que foi acometida, porém os sinais/sintomas comuns são hemiparesia, deficiência visual, afasia, dificuldade para ler e escrever. Metodologia: O presente estudo trata-se de uma revisão de literatura do tipo integrativa, a qual possui como objetivo averiguar diferentes fontes bibliográficas que descrevam de maneira fundamental e conexa os efeitos da Realidade Virtual sobre a reabilitação desses indivíduos. Resultados: A partir da análise dos 10 artigos integrados na construção desta revisão, notou-se os efeitos potenciais à reabilitação de pacientes pós-AVE com o uso da Realidade Virtual associado à terapia convencional cinesiológica. Dessa maneira, os principais efeitos encontrados foram melhora no equilíbrio dinâmico e sentado, na função motora de membro superior e extremidades de membros inferiores, na qualidade de vida (QV), na marcha de pacientes hemiplégicos e na realização de tarefas cognitivas. Conclusão: A aplicação da realidade virtual (RV) como meio de tratamento de pacientes pós-AVE, tem-se mostrado um recurso benéfico para reabilitar funções cognitivas e motoras. Outrossim, a integração ativa e colaborativa dos pacientes com esse artifício lúdico somado a técnicas fisioterapêuticas tradicionais permitiu que os efeitos psicomotores tivessem ganhos significativos.&nbsp

Posição prona em pacientes com Síndrome do Desconforto Respiratório Agudo

Apresentar por meio de uma revisão integrativa a eficácia da utilização da posição prona em indivíduos com com síndrome do desconforto respiratório agudo (SDRA) . Trata-se de uma revisão integrativa de caráter qualitativo e descritivo. A pesquisa foi realizada nas bases de dados PubMed (Biblioteca virtual dos estados unidos), Phisiotherapy  Evidence  Data base (PEDro) e LILACS ( literatura Latino-Americana e do Caribe em ciências da saúde, por meio dos descritores  “prone position” e “respiratory distress syndrome”, utilizando a combinação prone position AND distress syndrome. Após a exclusão dos demais estudos por meio dos critérios de exclusão estabelecidos foram selecionados 7 estudos relacionados a utilização da posição prona em pacientes com SDRA. Os artigos em questão foram organizados em forma de quadro dando ênfase ao objetivo, métodos e os principais resultados evidenciados. A posição prona se mostrou um método eficaz  na melhora da função pulmonar, diminuição da mortalidade e menor chance de intubação

Crop yield, genetic parameter estimation and selection of sacha inchi in central Amazon1

<div><p>ABSTRACT In Brazil, sacha inchi oil is produced by hand from plant materials with no breeding or detailed information about the chemical composition of seeds. In addition, most of the current information on the agronomic traits of this species originates from research carried out in the Peruvian Amazon. In order to promote the research and cultivation of sacha inchi in the Brazilian territory, this study aimed to analyze, in the central Amazon region, different accessions of this oilseed for characteristics of production and quality of fruits and seeds, as well as to estimate genetic parameters, through mixed models, with identification of superior accessions, for breeding purposes. A total of 37 non-domesticated accessions were evaluated in a randomized block design, with five replications and two plants per plot. The average oil content in seeds was 29.07 % and unsaturated fatty acids amounted to 91.5 % of the total fat content. For the yield traits, the estimates of individual broad-sense heritability were moderate (~0.33), while the heritability based on the average of progenies resulted in a selective accuracy of approximately 0.85. The use of the selection index provided simultaneous gains for yield traits (> 40 %) and oil yield. A high genetic variability was observed for the main traits of commercial interest for the species, as well as promising perspectives for the development of superior varieties for agro-industrial use.</p></div

Genetic diversity among accessions of sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) by phenotypic characteristics analysis

<div><p>ABSTRACT Sacha inchi (Plukenetia volubilis) is native to the Amazon region and has a high seed content of mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids, making it interesting for the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industry. The purpose of this study was to analyze sacha inchi genetic diversity and describe accessions based on phenotypic characteristics. Fruits and seeds of 25 accessions from the sacha inchi genebank of Embrapa Amazônia Ocidental in Manaus, Amazonas state, were sampled and biometrically measured. The data were subjected to analysis of variance, Mahalanobis distance, canonical correlation, and genetic diversity among and within accessions by analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA). There were significant differences among the means of the analyzed traits, but no significant canonical correlation for the groups of traits. According to AMOVA, approximately 60% of the observed variation was within accessions. The results showed variability among accessions, and that the variation within accessions should be explored to obtain best results in breeding programs.</p></div

NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES: a data set on carnivore distribution in the Neotropics

Mammalian carnivores are considered a key group in maintaining ecological health and can indicate potential ecological integrity in landscapes where they occur. Carnivores also hold high conservation value and their habitat requirements can guide management and conservation plans. The order Carnivora has 84 species from 8 families in the Neotropical region: Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Otariidae; Phocidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae. Herein, we include published and unpublished data on native terrestrial Neotropical carnivores (Canidae; Felidae; Mephitidae; Mustelidae; Procyonidae; and Ursidae). NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES is a publicly available data set that includes 99,605 data entries from 35,511 unique georeferenced coordinates. Detection/non-detection and quantitative data were obtained from 1818 to 2018 by researchers, governmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, and private consultants. Data were collected using several methods including camera trapping, museum collections, roadkill, line transect, and opportunistic records. Literature (peer-reviewed and grey literature) from Portuguese, Spanish and English were incorporated in this compilation. Most of the data set consists of detection data entries (n = 79,343; 79.7%) but also includes non-detection data (n = 20,262; 20.3%). Of those, 43.3% also include count data (n = 43,151). The information available in NEOTROPICAL CARNIVORES will contribute to macroecological, ecological, and conservation questions in multiple spatio-temporal perspectives. As carnivores play key roles in trophic interactions, a better understanding of their distribution and habitat requirements are essential to establish conservation management plans and safeguard the future ecological health of Neotropical ecosystems. Our data paper, combined with other large-scale data sets, has great potential to clarify species distribution and related ecological processes within the Neotropics. There are no copyright restrictions and no restriction for using data from this data paper, as long as the data paper is cited as the source of the information used. We also request that users inform us of how they intend to use the data