40,789 research outputs found
Study of Permanent Magnet Focusing for Astronomical Camera Tubes
A design is developed of a permanent magnet assembly (PMA) useful as the magnetic focusing unit for the 35 and 70 mm (diagonal) format SEC tubes. Detailed PMA designs for both tubes are given, and all data on their magnetic configuration, size, weight, and structure of magnetic shields adequate to screen the camera tube from the earth's magnetic field are presented. A digital computer is used for the PMA design simulations, and the expected operational performance of the PMA is ascertained through the calculation of a series of photoelectron trajectories. A large volume where the magnetic field uniformity is greater than 0.5% appears obtainable, and the point spread function (PSF) and modulation transfer function(MTF) indicate nearly ideal performance. The MTF at 20 cycles per mm exceeds 90%. The weight and volume appear tractable for the large space telescope and ground based application
Calculation of the Raman G peak intensity in monolayer graphene: role of Ward identities
The absolute integrated intensity of the single-phonon Raman peak at 1580
cm^{-1} is calculated for a clean graphene monolayer. The resulting intensity
is determined by the trigonal warping of the electronic bands and the
anisotropy of the electron-phonon coupling, and is proportional to the second
power of the excitation frequency. The main contribution to the process comes
from the intermediate electron-hole states with typical energies of the order
of the excitation frequency, contrary to what has been reported earlier. This
occurs because of strong cancellations between different terms of the
perturbation theory, analogous to Ward identities in quantum electrodynamics
Higgs revised in Supersymmetric Economical 3-3-1 model with B/\mu-type terms
We re-investigate the scalar potential and the Higgs sector of the
supersymmetric economical 3-3-1 model (SUSYE331) in the presence of the B/\mu
type terms which has many important consequences. First, the model contains no
massless Higgs fields. Second, we prove that the soft mass parameters of
Higgses must be at the SU(3)_L scale. As a result, the masses of the Higgses
drift toward this scale except one light real neutral Higgs with the mass of
m_Z|cos(2\gamma)| at the tree level. We also show that there are some Higgses
containing many properties of the Higgses in the minimal supersymmetric
standard model (MSSM), especially in the neutral Higgs sector. One exact
relation in the MSSM, m^2_H^{+/-}=m^2_A+m^2_W, is still true in the SUSYE331.
Based on this result we make some comments on the lepton flavor violating
decays of these Higgses as one of signatures of new physics in the SUSYE331
model which may be detected by present colliders.Comment: Matches version accepted for publication in EPJC. Typos are
corrected. We add a new section, a new appendix, a new figure and new
references to explain more clearly the properties of the lightest neutral
Higgs. Results unchange
Effects of the roller feed ratio on wrinkling failure in conventional spinning of a cylindrical cup
In this study, wrinkling failure in conventional spinning of a cylindrical cup has been investigated by using both finite element (FE) analysis and experimental methods. FE simulation models of a spinning experiment have been developed using the explicit finite element solution method provided by the software Abaqus. The severity of wrinkles is quantified by calculating the standard deviation of the radial coordinates of element nodes on the edge of the workpiece obtained from the FE models. The results show that the severity of wrinkles tends to increase when increasing the roller feed ratio. A forming limit study for wrinkling has been carried out and shows that there is a feed ratio limit beyond which the wrinkling failure will take place. Provided that the feed ratio is kept below this limit, the wrinkling failure can be prevented. It is believed that high compressive tangential stresses in the local forming zone are the causes of the wrinkling failure. Furthermore, the computational performance of the solid and shell elements in simulating the spinning process are examined and the tool forces obtained from wrinkling and wrinkle-free models are compared. Finally, the effects of the feed ratio on variations of the wall thickness of the spun cylindrical cup are investigated. </jats:p
FIP Bias Evolution in a Decaying Active Region
Solar coronal plasma composition is typically characterized by first
ionization potential (FIP) bias. Using spectra obtained by Hinode's EUV Imaging
Spectrometer (EIS) instrument, we present a series of large-scale, spatially
resolved composition maps of active region (AR) 11389. The composition maps
show how FIP bias evolves within the decaying AR from 2012 January 4-6.
Globally, FIP bias decreases throughout the AR. We analyzed areas of
significant plasma composition changes within the decaying AR and found that
small-scale evolution in the photospheric magnetic field is closely linked to
the FIP bias evolution observed in the corona. During the AR's decay phase,
small bipoles emerging within supergranular cells reconnect with the
pre-existing AR field, creating a pathway along which photospheric and coronal
plasmas can mix. The mixing time scales are shorter than those of plasma
enrichment processes. Eruptive activity also results in shifting the FIP bias
closer to photospheric in the affected areas. Finally, the FIP bias still
remains dominantly coronal only in a part of the AR's high-flux density core.
We conclude that in the decay phase of an AR's lifetime, the FIP bias is
becoming increasingly modulated by episodes of small-scale flux emergence, i.e.
decreasing the AR's overall FIP bias. Our results show that magnetic field
evolution plays an important role in compositional changes during AR
development, revealing a more complex relationship than expected from previous
well-known Skylab results showing that FIP bias increases almost linearly with
age in young ARs (Widing Feldman, 2001, ApJ, 555, 426)
The Precise Formula in a Sine Function Form of the norm of the Amplitude and the Necessary and Sufficient Phase Condition for Any Quantum Algorithm with Arbitrary Phase Rotations
In this paper we derived the precise formula in a sine function form of the
norm of the amplitude in the desired state, and by means of he precise formula
we presented the necessary and sufficient phase condition for any quantum
algorithm with arbitrary phase rotations. We also showed that the phase
condition: identical rotation angles, is a sufficient but not a necessary phase
condition.Comment: 16 pages. Modified some English sentences and some proofs. Removed a
table. Corrected the formula for kol on page 10. No figure
Absorbed dose thresholds and absorbed dose rate limitations for studies of electron radiation effects on polyetherimides
The threshold values of total absorbed dose for causing changes in tensile properties of a polyetherimide film and the limitations of the absorbed dose rate for accelerated-exposure evaluation of the effects of electron radiation in geosynchronous orbit were studied. Total absorbed doses from 1 kGy to 100 MGy and absorbed dose rates from 0.01 MGy/hr to 100 MGy/hr were investigated, where 1 Gy equals 100 rads. Total doses less than 2.5 MGy did not significantly change the tensile properties of the film whereas doses higher than 2.5 MGy significantly reduced elongation-to-failure. There was no measurable effect of the dose rate on the tensile properties for accelerated electron exposures
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