To Analysis Various Factors as a Conclusion for the Success and Failure of the Village Panchayats

The present study counduted in Baghpat district in 2014. District Baghpat is one of the district of Uttar Pradesh, to measure the opinion of respondents found Majority i.e. 89.67%, 85.00%, 70.33% and 54.00% respondents have  mentioned that they are aware regarding, construction of house, toilet for poor people, construction of drainage, Panchayat Building and boundary wall of school, as a rural development work done by the Village Panchayat. As regards health and sanitation work data reveals majority i.e. 85.33%, 68.67%, 54.67% and 53.33% respondents have shown their awareness regarding work done by the Village Panchayat, vaccination for the prevention of polio, diarrhea and smallpox, de siltation of Village ponds, specially making Villagers to aware family planning and Removal of waste product respectively. Maximum i.e. 60.67%, 54.67%, 45.67%, 40.00% and 39.33% respondents were well acquainted so far the work for economic development by the Village Panchayat is concerned with special reference to arrangement of loan and pension for the poor, to trained village people for self employment, to organized self help group, to start fish production in village ponds, and to give village land on lease. Further revealed majority i.e. 70.33%, 63.00%, 61.33% 55.33% and 54.33% respondents in case of Gram Sabha and Village Panchayat had shown unhappiness so far as the work for agriculture development is carried out by the Village Panchayat with special reference to arrangement for improved agriculture equipment for villager, to arrange meetings of block officers and K.V.K. in village, to arrange for soil testing, arrange for seeds, fertilizer on cheap rate from co-operative store for villager and to arranged for vaccination to prevent animal disease of the respondents

Hybridization and molecular geometry: A number game

Present article emphasize the new pedagogy to learn the hybridization and molecular geometry. It is always a challenge for the students to remember the hybridization and geometry of the molecule correctly. This topic has several importance in subjective and objective type questions and answers since in most of the  competitive examination hybridization and molecular geometry always comprise a huge number of questions. Now in order to remember all the hybridization, this paper gives you a table of few numbers and those number are also no need to remember because they contain certain trends in period and column (subtract 8 in row and subtract 6 in column) and certainly the table will form. Here, the more focus on the domain number (total bond pair and lone pair) 6, 5 and 4 because these domain number contain various type of geometry. This article is not emphasizing the theory behind the hybridization, but only on how to remember different hybridization and their geometry as far as the competitive skill is concerned. It has also some of the restrictions (limitation) and may not work for some of the coordination complex and inorganic compounds.

To Study the Socio-Economic Profile of SBM Facilitate Respondents

The present study was conducted in Baghpat district of Uttar Pradesh. India covered with 17.5 per cent of the world population. The condition of, hygiene and sanitation, facility of drinking water was very gigantic since large decades. The irrelevant behavior in order to address this challenge was responsible for the many risks were faced by respondents. Through the study, it was found that maximum respondents 42.00% were found in middle age group (35-50 years), followed by 34.00% in old age group (50 year and above) remaining 24.00% in young age group (up to 35 year).The found majority of respondents 62.00% were male and 38.00%% were female, maximum number of respondents 50.00% belonged to other backward caste followed by 37.00% Schedule caste and the remaining were 13.00% general caste, the majority of respondents 64.00% were found literate and 36.00% respondents were found illiterate. The categories of literacy were found as 32.00%, 24.00%, 6.00% and 2.00% found up to primary, high school, graduated and post graduate respectively.  "Sanitation is more important than independence". Mahatma Gandhi    Cleanliness and sanitation were an integral part of Gandhian way of living. His dream was total sanitation for all. He used to emphasize that cleanliness is the most important for physical wellbeing and a healthy environment

Fullerene (C-60)-modulated surface evolution in CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)and its role in controlling the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells

We report here the effect of fullerene (C-60) incorporation on the growth of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)perovskite crystals and the effect on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared in inverse geometry. Incorporation of C(60)induced the growth of larger gains and compact thin film of perovskite with reduced defects, which led to its enhanced photovoltaic performance. Apart from that, C(60)also participates in transportation and collection of photo-generated electrons. The optimum incorporation of C(60)resulted in an impressive improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of champion PSC from 9.2 to 12.8%. Moreover, the C-60-doped PSCs exhibited improved air stability compared to undoped devices. The enhanced PCE in C-60-doped PSCs is a result of enhanced optical absorption and separation of photo-generated charge and their transportation in the active layer. Since the size of C(60)molecules is of the order of nm, they easily get filled into the perovskite voids and facilitate another percolation path ways for charge carriers to transport and suppress the recombination losses via passivating the recombination centres in perovskite layers. The compact perovskite layer with larger grains led to reduced inter-granular grain boundaries with reduced defects, which restricts the fast diffusion of moisture into active layer and resulted in improved stability in device performance

Fullerene (C-60)-modulated surface evolution in CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)and its role in controlling the performance of inverted perovskite solar cells

We report here the effect of fullerene (C-60) incorporation on the growth of CH(3)NH(3)PbI(3)perovskite crystals and the effect on photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) prepared in inverse geometry. Incorporation of C(60)induced the growth of larger gains and compact thin film of perovskite with reduced defects, which led to its enhanced photovoltaic performance. Apart from that, C(60)also participates in transportation and collection of photo-generated electrons. The optimum incorporation of C(60)resulted in an impressive improvement in the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of champion PSC from 9.2 to 12.8%. Moreover, the C-60-doped PSCs exhibited improved air stability compared to undoped devices. The enhanced PCE in C-60-doped PSCs is a result of enhanced optical absorption and separation of photo-generated charge and their transportation in the active layer. Since the size of C(60)molecules is of the order of nm, they easily get filled into the perovskite voids and facilitate another percolation path ways for charge carriers to transport and suppress the recombination losses via passivating the recombination centres in perovskite layers. The compact perovskite layer with larger grains led to reduced inter-granular grain boundaries with reduced defects, which restricts the fast diffusion of moisture into active layer and resulted in improved stability in device performance

Plant-cyanobacteria Interaction: Phytotoxicity of Cyanotoxins

Cyanobacteria from freshwater and also from marine sources produce a wide array of toxic chemicals and secondary or bioactive metabolites. These are mainly nitrogen-rich alkaloids and peptides and are now identified as to pose threats both to human and environmental health as well as on aquatic and terrestrial plants. Irrigation of edible plants with Cyanobacteria containing water may pose threat of indirect exposure of human health to cyanotoxins via bio-accumulation of these toxins in plant tissues. Moreover, Cyanotoxins have been shown to inhibit plant growth and development. It has also been suggested that some of the compounds may have ecological roles as allelochemicals and can be used as potential biocides and even to combat malignant cells.  In this review, we highlight the different naturally occurring Cyanobacterial toxins popularly known as cyanotoxins and their interaction with plants with special emphasis on phytotoxic effects of cyanotoxins. Also, existing evidence for the positive taxis of plant-cyanobacteria interaction and potential for development and application of bioactive molecules from Cyanobacterial toxins are highlited. Key words: Cyanobacteria, toxins, phytotoxicity, allelopathy, biocide Jubilee Purkayastha. Plant-cyanobacteria Interaction: Phytotoxicity of Cyanotoxins.  J Phytol 2/7 (2010) 07-15

Zastosowanie techniki BaLloon Assisted Sliding and Tracking of GuideLiner (BLAST-G) do skutecznego umieszczenia stentu w zwapniałej zmianie o krętym przebiegu — opis przypadku

GuideLiner (Vascular Solutions Inc., USA), GuideZila (Boston Scientific, USA) and Heartrail (Terumo, Japan) are the guide extension or mother-in-child catheters, which enhances guide support and therefore ease device delivery in tortuous, calcified vessels. In cases when the GuideLiner catheter cannot be advanced even with balloon anchoring technique, we slided the GuideLiner over inflated semi-compliant at medium pressure, facilitating its tracking over the workhorse wire through tortuous and balloon anchoring technique. Here, we describe a technique called BaLloon Assisted Sliding and Tracking of GuideLiner (BLAST-G) to successfully deliver the stent in proximal left anterior descending artery in a 73-year-old female patient suffering from chronic stable angina.GuideLiner (Vascular Solutions Inc., USA), GuideZila (Boston Scientific, USA) i Heartrail (Terumo, Japan) to cewniki prowadzące typu “mother in child” zapewniające mocne podparcie i tym samym ułatwiające wprowadzenie narzędzi przez kręte, zwapniałe naczynia. W przypadkach, kiedy nie można wprowadzić cewnika GuideLiner, nawet przy użyciu balonu kotwiczącego, autorzy wsuwają cewnik GuideLiner po napełnionym balonie półpodatnym (semi-compliant), używając średniego ciśnienia napełnienia balonu, co ułatwia jego wsuwanie po standardowym prowadniku przez kręte naczynia i stosowanie techniki balonu kotwiczącego. W niniejszym artykule opisano zastosowanie techniki zwanej BaLloon Assisted Sliding and Tracking of GuideLiner (BLAST-G) w celu skutecznego umieszczenia stentu w proksymalnym odcinku tętnicy przedniej zstępującej u 73-letniej chorej z przewlekłą stabilną chorobą niedokrwienną

Biological Warfare Agents

There is a long historic record of use of biological warfare (BW) agents by warring countriesagainst their enemies. However, the frequency of their use has increased since the beginningof the twentieth century. World war I witnessed the use of anthrax agent against human beingsand animals by Germans, followed by large-scale field trials by Japanese against war prisonersand Chinese population during world war II. Ironically, research and development in biologicalwarfare agents increased tremendously after the Geneva Protocol, signed in 1925, because ofits drawbacks which were overcome by Biological and Toxin Weapons Convention (BTWC) in1972. Biological warfare programme took back seat after the 1972 convention but biologicalagents regained their importance after the bioterrorist attacks of anthrax powder in 2001. In thelight of these attacks, many of which turned out to be hoax, general awareness is required aboutbiological warfare agents that can be used against them. This review has been written highlightingimportant biological warfare agents, diseases caused by them, possible therapies and otherprotection measures

Examining mental health of medical students: a DASS21 scale assessment

Background: Stress is a global phenomenon that affects nearly everyone. The medical curriculum is often regarded as one of the most difficult professional degree courses in the world, and so the prevalence of stress is clear. Because of this trend, the pupils' mental health must be evaluated. The purpose of this study was to gather information about stress levels among undergraduate medical students. Methods: The research was carried out at the RUHS college of medical sciences. Data was acquired using Google Forms via a self-administered questionnaire that contained students' consent and semester information. The questionnaire consisted of 21 questions based on the Depression Anxiety and Stress Scale (DASS21). Results: The response rate of this study was 91.02% (213/234). The study also revealed more active female participation than male respondents. Out of the total responses (n=234), 54.6% were females and 44.8% were male. The analysis showed that medical students had experienced higher levels of depression (55%), and anxiety (64%) relative to stress (34%). Female students were found more anxious and depressed. Conclusions: The study found a high prevalence of stress, anxiety, and depression among medical students. Preventive approaches for improving student mental health are so required

Hiperurykemia wywołana stosowaniem diuretyku objawiająca się jako ostra dna moczanowa u 19-letniego chorego z umiarkowanym reumatycznym zwężeniem zastawki dwudzielnej

Gout, an inflammatory arthritis, is caused by an accumulation of monosodium urate crystals in the joints and soft tissues when serum uric acid concentrations rise above the physiological saturation limit (≥ 6.4 mg/dL). Here, we report the case of a 19 year-old male who presented with gradually progressive, nontender swelling of multiple joints of the upper and lower limbs of eight months’ duration. He had been receiving frusemide 40 mg, spirinolactone 50 mg, metoprolol 50 mg, and erythromycin 250 mg twice daily for the previous 12 months on account of rheumatic mitral stenosis (moderate). Though a histological diagnosis of gout is the gold standard, in our case we diagnosed frusemide-induced secondary gout with malignant course. This was based on a combination of an imaging tool (radiology showing well defined, ‘punched-out’ erosions with overhanging edges), and clinical presentation (soft tissue nodules, i.e. tophi, calcification of tophi, and asymmetric involvement). Frusemide was stopped, allopurinol and other urate lowering agent were started which led to regression of his swelling.Zapalenie stawów w przebiegu dny moczanowej jest spowodowane akumulacją kryształów moczanu monosodowego w stawach i tkankach miękkich, gdy stężenie kwasu moczowego w surowicy wzrasta powyżej granicy nasycenia fizjologicznego (≥ 6,4 mg/dl). W niniejszej pracy opisano przypadek 19-letniego mężczyzny, u którego przez ostatnie 8 miesięcy występował stopniowo postępujący, niebolesny obrzęk wielu stawów kończyn górnej i dolnej. Przez ostatni rok chory stosował furosemid w dawce 40 mg, spironolakton w dawce 50 mg, metoprolol w dawce 50 mg i erytromycynę w dawce 250 mg 2 razy/dobę w ramach leczenia reumatycznego (umiarkowanego) zwężenia zastawki dwudzielnej. Choć „złotym standardem” w diagnostyce dny jest potwierdzenie rozpoznania w badaniu histologicznym, to w przedstawionym przypadku — na podstawie połączenia danych z badań obrazowych (ostro obrysowane nadżerki z wystającymi krawędziami w badaniu radiologicznym) z obrazem klinicznym (guzki dnawe w tkankach miękkich [łac. tophi], zwapnienie i asymetryczne zajęcie stawów) ustalono, że furosemid wywołał wtórną dnę moczanową o złośliwym przebiegu. Po odstawieniu furosemidu i zastosowaniu allopurinolu i środka urykozurycznego obrzęki ustąpiły