Validation of the German Classification of Diverticular Disease (VADIS)—a prospective bicentric observational study

Purpose: The German Classification of Diverticular Disease was introduced a few years ago. The aim of this study was to determine whether Classification of Diverticular Disease enables an exact stratification of different types of diverticular disease in terms of course and treatment. Methods: This was a prospective, bicentric observational trial. Patients aged ≥ 18 years with diverticular disease were prospectively included. The primary endpoint was the rate of recurrence within 2 year follow-up. Secondary outcome measures were Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index, Quality of life measured by SF-36, frequency of gastrointestinal complaints, and postoperative complications. Results: A total of 172 patients were included. After conservative management, 40% of patients required surgery for recurrence in type 1b vs. 80% in type 2a/b (p = 0.04). Sixty percent of patients with type 2a (micro-abscess) were in need of surgery for recurrence vs. 100% of patients with type 2b (macro-abscess) (p = 0.11). Patients with type 2a reached 123 ± 15 points in the Gastrointestinal Quality of Life Index compared with 111 ± 14 in type 2b (p = 0.05) and higher scores in the “Mental Component Summary” scale of SF-36 (52 ± 10 vs. 43 ± 13; p = 0.04). Patients with recurrent diverticulitis without complications (type 3b) had less often painful constipation (30% vs. 73%; p = 0.006) when they were operated compared with conservative treatment. Conclusion: Differentiation into type 2a and 2b based on abscess size seems reasonable as patients with type 2b required surgery while patients with type 2a may be treated conservatively. Sigmoid colectomy in patients with type 3b seems to have gastrointestinal complaints during long-term follow-up. Trial registration: https://www.drks.de ID: DRKS0000557

Dietary micronutrient composition affects fillet texture and muscle cell size in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar)

During the past 20 years, plant ingredients have taken over as the main constituents in feed for Atlantic salmon. This has changed the nutrient composition of the feeds, the bioavailability of nutrients and perhaps nutrient metabolism. Plant‐based diets also contain more anti‐nutrients. The EU‐funded project ARRAINA re‐evaluated recommendations for micronutrient supplementation to Atlantic salmon feeds, and the present study compared a diet supplemented with micronutrients according to NRC (2011) (control diet, 100% NP (nutrient package)) with a diet supplemented according to the new recommendations (New NP). Tissue concentrations of pyridoxine, pantothenic acid, niacin, vitamin C, Zn and Se were significantly higher; and Cu was lower in Atlantic salmon fed the diet with the New NP compared to the control fish. The New NP also gave a near significant effect on growth, decreased muscle firmness and increased muscle cell size, and it affected metabolism of nitrogen‐containing metabolites in the muscle. While we cannot be certain which micronutrient(s) gave these effects, the B vitamins are probable candidates, since they are mediators of intermediary metabolism and have been shown to influence some of the affected metabolites

The implementation of post-processing algorithm for ultrasonic testing of welds

The current development of systems of pulse-echo ultrasonic testing systems is conditioned by the increasing of inspection results reliability. The application of Synthetic Aperture Focusing Technique (SAFT) is one of the solutions to this problem. The implementation of the post-processing algorithms based on SAFT strongly depends on the conditions of the ultrasonic scanning. In this paper, the issues related to SAFT implementation in the case of ultrasonic inspection of welds are considered. As a result, the post-processing algorithm, which takes into account the main features of such objects inspection, is proposed. The capabilities of the suggested algorithm were verified via the computer simulations. It was determined that the suggested algorithm is able to provide accurate and precise imageries of the flaws located in the weld

Impact of Borderline Resectability in Pancreatic Head Cancer on Patient Survival: Biology Matters According to the New International Consensus Criteria

Background: International consensus criteria (ICC) have redefined borderline resectability for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) according to three dimensions: anatomical (BR-A), biological (BR-B), and conditional (BR-C). The present definition acknowledges that resectability is not just about the anatomic relationship between the tumour and vessels but that biological and conditional dimensions also are important. Methods: Patients’ tumours were retrospectively defined b

Machine learning in pancreas surgery, what is new? literature review

BackgroundMachine learning (ML) is an inquiry domain that aims to establish methodologies that leverage information to enhance performance of various applications. In the healthcare domain, the ML concept has gained prominence over the years. As a result, the adoption of ML algorithms has become expansive. The aim of this scoping review is to evaluate the application of ML in pancreatic surgery.MethodsWe integrated the preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses for scoping reviews. Articles that contained relevant data specializing in ML in pancreas surgery were included.ResultsA search of the following four databases PubMed, Cochrane, EMBASE, and IEEE and files adopted from Google and Google Scholar was 21. The main features of included studies revolved around the year of publication, the country, and the type of article. Additionally, all the included articles were published within January 2019 to May 2022.ConclusionThe integration of ML in pancreas surgery has gained much attention in previous years. The outcomes derived from this study indicate an extensive literature gap on the topic despite efforts by various researchers. Hence, future studies exploring how pancreas surgeons can apply different learning algorithms to perform essential practices may ultimately improve patient outcomes

Validation of optimal levels of micronutrients in feed for Atlantic salmon

12.11.20 Feil filnavn. ellers klar for publisering. klb Source at http://hdl.handle.net/11250/2565091ASSESSFEED er et prosjekt utgått fra EU-prosjektet ARRAINA, med målsetning å validere nye anbefalinger for tilsetning av mikronæringsstoffer, særlig vannløselige vitaminer, i laksefôr. Det ble kjørt et fôingsforsøk der kontrollfôret (100 % NP) ble tilsatt mikronæringsstoffer iht. anbefalinger gitt i NRC (2011), som i stor grad bygger på forsøk med yngel av regnbueørret fra 1980-90-tallet. Forsøksfôret (Ny NP) bygget på resultatene fra ARRAINA. Det var også et kommersielt kontrollfôr (Biomar). Det var ingen signifikant effekt på vekst, men en tendens til større biomassevekst i fisk gitt Ny NP. Opptak av vitaminer og mineraler i fisken fulgte stort sett samme mønster i ASSESSFEED som i ARRAINA, noe som styrker konklusjonene når det gjelder behov fra ARRAINA. Muskelen i fisken som fikk ny NP var bløtere og hadde større celler enn i fisken som fikk 100 % NP. Denne effekten på filetkvalitet ble tolket som økt muskelcelle hypertrofi og falt sammen med endringer i muskelens innhold av noen frie aminosyrer og nitrogen-metabolitter. Noen av disse endringene er kjent som tegn på B-vitaminmangel hos mammalier.ASSESSFEED is a project with basis in the EU-funded project ARRAINA, where the aim was to validate new recommendations for supplementation of diets for Atlantic salmon with micronutrients, especially water-soluble vitamins. A feeding trial was conducted, where the control feed (100% NP) contained micronutrients according to NRC (2011) which is largely based on trials with rainbow trout from the 1980-90ies. The experimental diet (Ny NP) was based on the results from ARRAINA. A commercial control diet was also included (Biomar). There was no significant effect on growth, but a tendency of increased biomass growth with the new NP. Uptake of vitamins and minerals in the fish largely followed the results from ARRAINA, strengthening the ARRAINA requirement estimations. The muscle in fish given Ny NP was softer and had larger cells than the muscle of fish given 100% NP. The effect on fillet quality was interpreted as increased muscle cell hyprtrophy and coincided with changes in concentrations of some free amino acids and nitrogen metabolites. Some of these changes are known as indicators of vitamin B-deficiency in mammals

Validation of optimal levels of micronutrients in feed for Atlantic salmon

ASSESSFEED er et prosjekt utgått fra EU-prosjektet ARRAINA, med målsetning å validere nye anbefalinger for tilsetning av mikronæringsstoffer, særlig vannløselige vitaminer, i laksefôr. Det ble kjørt et fôingsforsøk der kontrollfôret (100 % NP) ble tilsatt mikronæringsstoffer iht. anbefalinger gitt i NRC (2011), som i stor grad bygger på forsøk med yngel av regnbueørret fra 1980-90-tallet. Forsøksfôret (Ny NP) bygget på resultatene fra ARRAINA. Det var også et kommersielt kontrollfôr (Biomar). Det var ingen signifikant effekt på vekst, men en tendens til større biomassevekst i fisk gitt Ny NP. Opptak av vitaminer og mineraler i fisken fulgte stort sett samme mønster i ASSESSFEED som i ARRAINA, noe som styrker konklusjonene når det gjelder behov fra ARRAINA. Muskelen i fisken som fikk ny NP var bløtere og hadde større celler enn i fisken som fikk 100 % NP. Denne effekten på filetkvalitet ble tolket som økt muskelcelle hypertrofi og falt sammen med endringer i muskelens innhold av noen frie aminosyrer og nitrogen-metabolitter. Noen av disse endringene er kjent som tegn på B-vitaminmangel hos mammalier.publishedVersio