Fully Explorable Horned Particles Hiding Charge

The charge-hiding effect by a horned particle, which was studied for the case where gravity/gauge-field system is self-consistently interacting with a charged lightlike brane (LLB) as a matter source, is now studied for the case of a time like brane. From the demand that no surfaces of infinite coordinate time redshift (horizons) appear in the problem we are lead now to a completly explorable horned particle space for traveller that goes through the horned particle (as was the case for the LLB) but now also in addition to this, the horned region is fully visible to a static external observer. This requires negative surface energy density for the shell sitting at the throat. We study a gauge field subsystem which is of a special non-linear form containing a square-root of the Maxwell term and which previously has been shown to produce a QCD-like confining gauge field dynamics in flat space-time. The condition of finite energy of the system or asymptotic flatness on one side of the horned particle implies that the charged object sitting at the throat expels all the flux it produces into the other side of the horned particle, which turns out to be of a "tube-like" nature. An outside observer in the asymptotically flat universe detects, therefore, apparently neutral object. The hiding of the electric flux behind the tube-like region of a horned particle is the only possible way that a truly charged particle can still be of finite energy, in a theory that in flat space describes confinement. This points to the physical relevance of such solutions, even though there is the need of negative energy density at the throat of the horned particle, which can be of quantum mechanical origin.Comment: The new version has been accepted for publication in Classical and Quantum Gravity. Title changed to "Fully Explorable Horned Particles Hiding Charge". Horned Particles terminology is used now instead of "wormholes" to dscribe the solutions here. arXiv admin note: text overlap with arXiv:1108.373

Identification of Recurrent Mutations in the microRNA-Binding Sites of B-Cell Lymphoma-Associated Genes in Follicular Lymphoma

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a common indolent B-cell lymphoma that can transform into the more aggressive transformed FL (tFL). However, the molecular process driving this transformation is uncertain. In this work, we aimed to identify microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites recurrently mutated in follicular lymphoma patients, as well as in transformed FL patients. Using whole-genome sequencing data from FL tumors, we discovered 544 mutations located in bioinformatically predicted microRNA-binding sites. We then studied these specific regions using targeted sequencing in a cohort of 55 FL patients, found 16 recurrent mutations, and identified a further 69 variants. After filtering for QC, we identified 21 genes with mutated miRNA-binding sites that were also enriched for B-cell-associated genes by Gene Ontology. Over 40% of mutations identified in these genes were present exclusively in tFL patients. We validated the predicted miRNA-binding sites of five of the genes by luciferase assay and demonstrated that the identified mutations in BCL2 and EZH2 genes impaired the binding efficiency of miR-5008 and miR-144 and regulated the endogenous levels of messenger RNA (mRNA)

Identification of Recurrent Mutations in the microRNA-Binding Sites of B-Cell Lymphoma-Associated Genes in Follicular Lymphoma

Follicular lymphoma (FL) is a common indolent B-cell lymphoma that can transform into the more aggressive transformed FL (tFL). However, the molecular process driving this transformation is uncertain. In this work, we aimed to identify microRNA (miRNA)-binding sites recurrently mutated in follicular lymphoma patients, as well as in transformed FL patients. Using whole-genome sequencing data from FL tumors, we discovered 544 mutations located in bioinformatically predicted microRNA-binding sites. We then studied these specific regions using targeted sequencing in a cohort of 55 FL patients, found 16 recurrent mutations, and identified a further 69 variants. After filtering for QC, we identified 21 genes with mutated miRNA-binding sites that were also enriched for B-cell-associated genes by Gene Ontology. Over 40% of mutations identified in these genes were present exclusively in tFL patients. We validated the predicted miRNA-binding sites of five of the genes by luciferase assay and demonstrated that the identified mutations in BCL2 and EZH2 genes impaired the binding efficiency of miR-5008 and miR-144 and regulated the endogenous levels of messenger RNA (mRNA)

A retrosynthetic co-templating method for the preparation of silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves

This work has been supported by Johnson Matthey PLC, UK. Solid-state NMR spectra were obtained at the EPSRC UK National Solid-state NMR Service at Durham.A retrosynthetic method has been developed to design the synthesis of target zeotypes whose frameworks belong to the ABC-6 structural family and which contain gme cages. This permits the preparation of silicoaluminophosphate versions of AFX (SAPO-56), SFW (STA- 18) and GME (STA-19) topology types. The method makes simultaneous use of two organic structure directing agents (SDAs) to promote the formation of structural features such as cages or channels of the target framework. Computational modelling was used to identify SDAs for gme and other cages or channels in the target structures. The trimethylammonium cation was found to be the most favourable SDA for the gme cage while bisdiazabicyclooctane (DABCO) alkane cations and quaternary ammonium oligomers of DABCO with connecting polymethylene chain lengths of 4 to 8 methylene units acted as 1 templates for the additional cages or channels, respectively. The incorporation of each of the co-SDAs in the as-prepared materials was confirmed by chemical analysis, 13C MAS NMR and Rietveld refinement combined with computational modeling. Calcination of the SAPO- 56, STA-18 and some of the STA-19 materials gives microporous, fully tetrahedrally- coordinated framework solids with AFX, SFW and GME topologies: other STA-19 samples convert topotactically to SAPO-5. These results show that SAPOs in the ABC-6 family can be prepared via a targeted co-templating approach.PostprintPostprintPeer reviewe

f(R) Gravity with Torsion: The Metric-Affine Approach

The role of torsion in f(R) gravity is considered in the framework of metric-affine formalism. We discuss the field equations in empty space and in presence of perfect fluid matter taking into account the analogy with the Palatini formalism. As a result, the extra curvature and torsion degrees of freedom can be dealt as an effective scalar field of fully geometric origin. From a cosmological point of view, such a geometric description could account for the whole Dark Side of the Universe.Comment: 12 page

Identification of Giardia lamblia DHHC Proteins and the Role of Protein S-palmitoylation in the Encystation Process

Protein S-palmitoylation, a hydrophobic post-translational modification, is performed by protein acyltransferases that have a common DHHC Cys-rich domain (DHHC proteins), and provides a regulatory switch for protein membrane association. In this work, we analyzed the presence of DHHC proteins in the protozoa parasite Giardia lamblia and the function of the reversible S-palmitoylation of proteins during parasite differentiation into cyst. Two specific events were observed: encysting cells displayed a larger amount of palmitoylated proteins, and parasites treated with palmitoylation inhibitors produced a reduced number of mature cysts. With bioinformatics tools, we found nine DHHC proteins, potential protein acyltransferases, in the Giardia proteome. These proteins displayed a conserved structure when compared to different organisms and are distributed in different monophyletic clades. Although all Giardia DHHC proteins were found to be present in trophozoites and encysting cells, these proteins showed a different intracellular localization in trophozoites and seemed to be differently involved in the encystation process when they were overexpressed. dhhc transgenic parasites showed a different pattern of cyst wall protein expression and yielded different amounts of mature cysts when they were induced to encyst. Our findings disclosed some important issues regarding the role of DHHC proteins and palmitoylation during Giardia encystation.Fil: Merino, Maria Cecilia. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; ArgentinaFil: Zamponi, Nahuel. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; ArgentinaFil: Vranych, Cecilia Verónica. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; ArgentinaFil: Touz, Maria Carolina. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; ArgentinaFil: Ropolo, Andrea Silvana. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Centro Científico Tecnológico Conicet - Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra. Universidad Nacional de Córdoba. Instituto de Investigación Médica Mercedes y Martín Ferreyra; Argentin

malERA: An updated research agenda for insecticide and drug resistance in malaria elimination and eradication

Resistance to first-line treatments for Plasmodium falciparum malaria and the insecticides used for Anopheles vector control are threatening malaria elimination efforts. Suboptimal responses to drugs and insecticides are both spreading geographically and emerging independently and are being seen at increasing intensities. Whilst resistance is unavoidable, its effects can be mitigated through resistance management practices, such as exposing the parasite or vector to more than one selective agent. Resistance contributed to the failure of the 20th century Global Malaria Eradication Programme, and yet the global response to this issue continues to be slow and poorly coordinated—too often, too little, too late. The Malaria Eradication Research Agenda (malERA) Refresh process convened a panel on resistance of both insecticides and antimalarial drugs. This paper outlines developments in the field over the past 5 years, highlights gaps in knowledge, and proposes a research agenda focused on managing resistance. A deeper understanding of the complex biological processes involved and how resistance is selected is needed, together with evidence of its public health impact. Resistance management will require improved use of entomological and parasitological data in decision making, and optimisation of the useful life of new and existing products through careful implementation, combination, and evaluation. A proactive, collaborative approach is needed from basic science and the development of new tools to programme and policy interventions that will ensure that the armamentarium of drugs and insecticides is sufficient to deal with the challenges of malaria control and its elimination

Energy Flow in the Hadronic Final State of Diffractive and Non-Diffractive Deep-Inelastic Scattering at HERA

An investigation of the hadronic final state in diffractive and non--diffractive deep--inelastic electron--proton scattering at HERA is presented, where diffractive data are selected experimentally by demanding a large gap in pseudo --rapidity around the proton remnant direction. The transverse energy flow in the hadronic final state is evaluated using a set of estimators which quantify topological properties. Using available Monte Carlo QCD calculations, it is demonstrated that the final state in diffractive DIS exhibits the features expected if the interaction is interpreted as the scattering of an electron off a current quark with associated effects of perturbative QCD. A model in which deep--inelastic diffraction is taken to be the exchange of a pomeron with partonic structure is found to reproduce the measurements well. Models for deep--inelastic $ep$ scattering, in which a sizeable diffractive contribution is present because of non--perturbative effects in the production of the hadronic final state, reproduce the general tendencies of the data but in all give a worse description.Comment: 22 pages, latex, 6 Figures appended as uuencoded fil

VOLUMEN 16, NÚMERO 30 (1983-1984)

PROYECTO GEOTÉRMICO CHILES - CERRO NEGRO. Lozano, E.; Cruz, L.ZONAS HIDROGEOLÓGICAS DE COLOMBIA. Lobo-Guerrero, A.ESTUDIO GEOQUÍMICO Y PETROGRÁFICO DE ROCAS SUBVOLCÁNICAS ENTRE LA QUEBRADA CHIRAPOTO Y EL RÍO ARQUÍA (DEPARTAMENTO DE ANTIOQUIA Y CALDAS). Sánchez, L. H.; Parra, R. A.; Ortíz, F.GEOLOGÍA Y EXPERIENCIAS CONSTRUCTIVAS EN EL TÚNEL TUNJITA. Tejada, S. E.CONTRIBUCIÓN AL CONOCIMIENTO DEL PALEOZOICO SUPERIOR EN LA SECCIÓN QUETAME - VILLAVICENCIO. Cortés, R.; De La Espriella, R.TECTÓNICA GRAVITACIONAL EN LA CORDILLERA ORIENTAL AL ESTE DE LA FALLA DE BOYACÁ (DEPARTAMENTO DE BOYACÁ). Reyes, Ch. I.AMBIENTES GEOLÓGICOS URANÍFEROS EN COLOMBIA. Ortega Montero, C