The development of responsibility in product designers

Investigations of ethics in product design have been limited. This paper offers an insight into designer's perceptions of responsibilities over three levels of expertise; first year design students, graduating design students, and design practitioners. The paper presents the use of some novel methods including triad and card sorting to uncover perceptions of designers responsibilities. The findings give rise to categories of development including knowledge development, ethical development, and role context development. The result is a descriptive model of the development of responsibility in product designers

Graduating product designers and their attitudes to design responsibility: A survey

The notion of responsibility in designing is one that is becoming increasingly important, underlying significant areas of design activity. The research reported in this paper presents the results of a questionnaire study of 50 graduating product designers from 11 UK Universities. We find that students are focussed on environmental issues, have a very clear idea about where their responsibilities end for the products they design, but who display significant differences between the ideas about responsibility they espouse and their practice

Bostin Value

“Bostin Value” was a pilot scheme aiming to improve fruit and vegetable consumption in a deprived neighborhood in the borough of Dudley, England. Research identified the need to address both supply and demand to encourage the target audience (parents/carers of young children) to consume more fruit and vegetables along with their children. Bostin Value improved supply through commissioning a local greengrocer to sell fresh fruit and vegetables twice a week at a local primary school. Promotions were used to encourage sales, including a loyalty card system, money off vouchers, and recipe cards. To increase demand, educational sessions were run at the school to improve parent’s skills in cooking seasonal produce. Children at the school received tasting workshops to encourage them to try a variety of fruit and vegetables. Results saw the mean portions of fruit consumed weekly by parents significantly increase from 2.4 portions in April 2009 to 3.1 in July 2010. This was mirrored in children whose weekly portions increased from 2.6 to 3.7. The mean number of different fruits and vegetables tasted by children also increased significantly. </jats:p

NEIGHBORHOOD VARIATION IN THE RATE OF CHILD WELFARE CONTACT

In the United States, the child welfare system serves a vulnerable population of children with extensive health needs. With momentum building for place-based interventions to promote community health, population-level evidence is needed to identify critical elements of interventions and inform potential collaboration across service sectors. Through a systematic review of small-area ecological research on neighborhood effects (Aim 1), we framed the literature on neighborhood context and child welfare contact through a population health lens. Four constructs describing the neighborhood structure (economic disadvantage, percent of the population from racial/ethnic minority group, social disadvantage, and residential instability) and two constructs describing neighborhood processes (alcohol access, drug arrests) were positively associated with the rate of child welfare contact in multiple studies. Evidence on neighborhood processes was identified as a priority for future research and guidance for improving study design was provided. Using existing observational data from the Neighborhood Inventory for Environmental Typology (NIfETy), we developed area-level indicators for six specific constructs within the context of neighborhood processes (Aim 2). Three neighborhood process indicators were accurate for identifying areas with high levels of risk (criterion validity) and associated with all area-level measures of the neighborhood structure and youth population health outcomes included in the assessment (construct validity): physical disorder index, drug and alcohol index and violence index. We examined the relationship between neighborhood disadvantage, violence, drug and alcohol activity and the rate of child welfare investigation (Aim 3). While both the violence index and drug and alcohol index were strongly associated with the outcome in bivariate analysis, only violence was associated with a significant increase in the rate of child welfare investigation in the multivariable regression analysis. Applying concepts from spatial epidemiology, several important methodological improvements were illustrated, including person years of observation, age-adjusted rates, and the use of negative binomial regression models. Focusing child maltreatment prevention interventions in areas with the greatest density of child welfare contact is an avenue by which interventions can reduce both the incidence of child maltreatment and the rate of child welfare involvement. Considering the high rate of child welfare contract in Baltimore City, the need to reduce the burden on the child welfare system, and growing attention for the need to prevent child maltreatment in high risk neighborhoods, child welfare services may benefit from further coordinating their prevention efforts with other public sectors serving children and youth at risk of maltreatment. Collaborative efforts between hospitals, public service sectors, and community-based resources are likely to be both effective and efficient methods for targeting resources to the most vulnerable children and families in the city. While the current research sheds light on the relationship between violence, substance use activity, and the rate of child welfare contact, further evidence on neighborhood processes is needed. Small-area ecological research on other neighborhood processes, such as social cohesion and collective efficacy, is imperative to informing place-based efforts in child welfare

Junior Recital: Jonathan Pace, jazz percussion

This recital is presented in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree Bachelor of Music in Performance. Mr. Pace studies jazz percussion with Justin Chesarek.https://digitalcommons.kennesaw.edu/musicprograms/1802/thumbnail.jp

CFD study of filtration process in moulded filters within a vacuum pump

Air/Oil filtration through filters is commonly utilised in the vacuum industry where oil lubricated pumps are used across a number of different applications such as food and packaging, industrial, pharmaceutical, R&amp;D, forming and drying. The air/oil filters are crucial in the reduction of exhaust emissions, which, when suspended as fine particulate matter can cause great harm to the environment, climate, equipment life and public health. However, the behaviour of flow through the filters is not fully understood and much of the design and development work is based on historical know-how and experimental studies. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) is a powerful tool to understand the flow characteristics and droplet trajectory through the filters which is challenging through experimental techniques. In this study, a CFD model is developed by using the commercial ANSYS FLUENT code. Oil droplets from the pump entering the filter are treated as a discrete phase. Euler-Lagrangian frame is used to characterise the multiphase flow, K-Ɛ as a turbulence model, Rosin-Rammler distribution of oil droplets, User Defined Functions (UDF) are written for droplet injection, distribution and deposition. Various methodologies and tests were developed to obtain the required data to feed into the model and validate the data predicted by the computational model. The obtained computational data agrees well with the experimental data