Fractal tools in terrorist and financial crime prevention

Information society imposes globalization and universality of values. In these circumstances, terrorism, institutional political violence which targets trying to achieve the morbid fear of provoking a spectacular way, inappropriately given conditions, becomes a real threat not only to the nations but also to politics on the global level. In 1996, the International Monetary Fund estimated that 2–5% of the worldwide global economy involved laundered money. Today, intelligence activities in preventing and combating terrorism include financial investigations and money laundering for the purpose of financing terrorism, resulting in broadening of the scope of data to the level which makes it impossible for human logical evaluation. Technologies development that enables increasing capacity of speed and the amount of data processing has enabled defining, analyzing and exploring more and more models. This led to the idea of computer experiments and simulations trying to get to more complex planning and forecasting for the purpose of countering terrorism and “dirty” money transaction, as highly dangerous, complex and variable phenomena. This presentation aims at quotation the wide spectrum of mathematically founded fractal concepts suited to generate computer models of anti-terrorist activities. In this sense, the logistic behind the items connected with detecting and recognizing degree of terroristic threat by comparing fractal structure of people’s faces, fast search through the databases of faces and fingerprints. The speed of searching processes is of vital importance which promotes the crucial importance of compression and data reduction with preservation of regularity. Especially important are analytic forecasting of missing visual data and forms, to supplement the empirical evidences and records. All these operations are possible with higher degree of knowledge utilization and adaptation of virtual reality in the fight against terrorism and different forms of money laundering. The results indicate that the achievements implementation of the concept of fractals depends on substantial prior knowledge, environmental influences, subsystem integration, decentralization and synchronization, and allows us to come up with similar high information technology models, but not necessarily to enable identification of the authentic features of the various anomalies that result in objectively a social consequences. In this sense, we conclude that the application of information technology in the fight against terrorism, based on the concept of fractals has its place in the arsenal of anti-terroristic prevention

Systemic manifestations in the course of meningococcal disease

Background/Aim. Meningococcal disease most often manifests itself as meningitis or sepsis. During the course of these diseases, other clinical events sometimes develop such as pneumonia, pericarditis, arthritis, and they are referred to as extrameningeal or systemic manifestations of the meningococcal disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the type and the incidence of particular extrameningeal/systemic manifestations among patients with meningococcal meningitis and sepsis, including time of their onset and the influence on the disease outcome. Methods. The retrospective study of the medical records of 246 patients treated for meningococcal disease over the 25-year period in the Institute for Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Belgrade was conducted. The patients, aged 3 months to 82 years both sexes, were divided into two groups. Results. Out of 246 patients extrameningeal/ systemic manifestations were found in 42 (17.1%) patients: 35 (14.2%) occurred during meningitis, and seven (2.8%) during sepsis. Pulmonary manifestations (mostly pneumonia) were the most prevalent, found in 12 (4.9%) patients, followed by heart involvement in nine (3.6%) patients (mostly pericarditis, in seven or 2.8% patients). Various ophthalmic manifestations occurred in seven (2.8%), arthritis in 4 (1.6%) and sinusitis in six (2.4%) patients. Otitis, multiple renal embolisms with hematuria, osteomyelitis and thrombophlebitis were evidenced in one patient, each. Most of the systemic manifestations (30 patients or 71.4%), developed within the initial three days of the disease (p < 0.01), suggesting direct pathogenic mechanism induced by meningococci per se, while only three (7.1%) developed after seven days, when immune-mediated disease was more likely. Even though these manifestations complicate and prolong treatment of the meningococcal disease, they had no major influence on the disease outcome. Lethal outcome occurred in 2 (4.76%) patients, both with the meningococcal type of the disease. Conclusion. Extrameningeal or systemic manifestations are uncommon complications during the course of both meningococcal meningitis and sepsis. The onset of pneumonia, pericarditis, eye involvement, and arthritis, within the initial seven days of the disease, were most prevalent in the course of meningitis. They had no major influence on the disease outcome

Assessment of some parameters productivity and quality of populations phleum pratense l. Grown in conditions of Serbia

Phleum pratense (L.) is the important forage grass species in Serbia. The study was conducted on 20 autochthonous population of Phleum pratense (L.), originating from Western Serbia. Plant height, protein content and crude cellulose content had a high direct impact on yield. Populations of PP16, PP20, PP2 and PP9 had the significantly higher yield of the raw matter compared to all the tested population and the highest values for the other evaluated parameters, also. The average yield of crude biomass was positive statistically highly significantly correlated with plant height (r=0.87**), and positively significantly correlated with a content of crude proteins and positive non significant correlated with crude cellulose (r=0.42 ). Based on obtained values and by the appropriate choice of selection methods, we conclude that we have excellent genotypes, PP16, PP20, PP2 and PP9 for a successful selection process in order to obtain new high yielding varieties of Phleum pratense

Buckwheat yield traits response as influenced by row spacing, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium management

Buckwheat is an economically important gluten free cereal, and it is a good source of protein, fiber, and energy. The field experiments with buckwheat variety “Novosadska” were set in two experimental years in Pancevo, Serbia. The aim of this study was to determine the most optimal technology for buckwheat production. The study aims were to investigate the effects of (1) row spacing: RS1-25 cm and RS2-50 cm; (2) nutrition variants: (N1) 0 kg ha−1 NPK; (N2) NPK 30 kg ha−1; (N3) NPK 60 kg ha−1; and (N4) NPK 90 kg ha−1; (3) environment: Y1-2018 and Y2-2019; and their interactions on the plant height (PH), number of lateral branches (NoLB), mass of seeds per plant (MSP), number of seeds per plant (NoSP), buckwheat grain yield (GY); and (4) the correlations among these traits. All tested parameters of buckwheat significantly varied across row spacing, environment, and nutrition. The average grain yield in the row spacing, RD1-25 cm, was significantly higher than in the wider spacing, RD2-50 cm, and in 2018 than 2019 as well as with the nutrition NPK applied in the amount of 90 kg ha−1 in relation with all the other nutrition variants. All the studied agronomic traits were positively and strongly correlated with GY

Ugrožavanje biološkog minimuma i eutrofikacija – faktori remećenja ekološke ravnoteže i održivosti ekosistema rijeke Ukrine

The Ukrina River (Bosnia and Herzegovina) is a smaller right tributary of the Sava River, whose basin lies between the lower reaches of the Vrbas and Bosna rivers. In addition to being a relatively small basin area, the Ukrina River is characterized by exceptional biological diversity. The appearance of the mayflies (Ephemeroptera) in the summer period of the year also contributes to the biological diversity of the Ukrina River, which makes it the site of this natural rarity. In this study, the threat to the biological minimum and the increased eutrophication of water are considered, as the main factors of disturbing the ecological balance and sustainability of the Ukrina River ecosystem.Rijeka Ukrina (Bosna i Hercegovina) je manja desna pritoka Save, čiji sliv leži između donjih tokova rijeka Vrbasa i Bosne. Pored toga što predstavlja relativno malo slivno područje, rijeku Ukrinu karakteriše izuzetna biološka raznovrsnost. Biološkoj raznovrsnosti rijeke Ukrine doprinosi i pojava vodenog cvijeta (Ephemeroptera) u ljetnom periodu godine, što je čini lokalitetom odvijanja ove prirodne rijetkosti. U ovoj studiji, razmatraju se ugrožavanje biološkog minimuma i eutrofikacija vode kao glavni faktori remećenja ekološke ravnoteže i održivosti ekosistema rijeke Ukrine

Zdravstveno bezbedna hrana – rizik od kancerogenih materija

Food is a substance must be taken into the human organism in order to preserve homeostasis. Foods can be of plant, animal and mineral origin, and by chemical composition belong to carbohydrates, proteins, fats, vitamins and minerals. However, various toxic and carcinogenic substances can be found in food, which originate from natural sources, the environment, or are formed during the food processing process. In the production of health safe food, it is extremely important to reduce their amount in food or eliminate them completely. In this paper, carcinogenic substances, which can be found in food and pose a risk to food safety are considered.Hrana je materija koju je neophodno unositi u ljudski organizam da bi se očuvala homeostaza. Životne namirnice mogu biti biljnog, životinjskog i mineralnog porekla. Međutim, u hrani se mogu naći i razne toksične i kancerogene materije, koje potiču iz prirodnih izvora, okoline, ili nastaju u toku procesa obrade hrane. U proizvodnji zdravstveno bezbedne hrane, izuzetno je važno smanjiti njihovu količinu u hrani ili ih potpuno eliminisati. U ovom radu, razmatraju se kancerogene materije, koje se mogu naći u hrani i predstavljati rizik za zdravstvenu bezbednost hrane

The importance of microbiological correctness of water for population health

Pored fizičkog i hemijskog zagađivanja voda, s aspekta uticaja vode na zdravlje stanovništva, izuzetno je važan monitoring i sprečavanje mikrobiološkog zagađivanja voda, naročito vode koja se koristi za piće. U ovom radu, razmatra se značaj mikrobiološke ispravnosti vode u zaštiti zdravlja stanovništva.In addition to physical and chemical pollution of water, from the aspect of the impact of water on the health of the population, monitoring and prevention of microbiological pollution of water, especially water used for drinking, is extremely important. In this paper, the importance of microbiological safety of water in protecting the health of the population is considered

Mikrobiološko prečišćavanje otpadnih voda

Water plays a vital role in the biosphere as a component of all living beings, participates in photosynthesis, a basic life process on the planet, and represents the environment to a large number of living beings. In water ecosystems, pollutants come from two sources, both natural and anthropogenic. The main anthropogenic sources of pollutants are municipal wastewater, industrial wastewater, and water from agriculture. Microbiological degradation of organic pollutants is the only possibility of their removal from water. In this paper, the possibilities of purification of wastewater are considered, with special emphasis on the role of microorganisms in the process.Voda ima vitalnu ulogu u biosferi kao gradivna komponenta svih živih bića, učestvuje u fotosintezi, bazičnom životnom procesu na planeti, i predstavlja životnu sredinu velikom broju živih bića. U ekosisteme voda, polutanti dospevaju iz dva izvora, prirodnim i antropogenim putem. Glavni antropogeni izvori polutanata su komunalne otpadne vode, industrijske otpadne vode, vode iz poljoprivrede. Mikrobiološka razgradnja organskih zagađivača, predstavlja jedinu mogućnost njihovog uklanjanja iz vode. U ovom radu, razmatraju se mogućnosti prečišćavanja otpadnih voda, s posebnim akcentom na ulogu mikroorganizama u procesu

The impact of agroecological factors on the content of mineral matters in maize

Mineralne materije su neophodne biljkama za rast i razvoj, kao i za normalno funkcionisanje ljudskog i organizma životinja. Mineralne materije u lance ishrane ulaze preko biljaka, pa je poznavanje i proučavanje mineralnog sastava biljaka izuzetno značajno. Ispitivanje sadržaja mineralnih materija u zrnu kukuruza, u zavisnosti od rastuće količine azota đubriva, obavljeno je u dvogodišnjem periodu, na lokalitetu Zemun Polje, u klimatskim uslovima Istočnog Srema. Na ogledima je primenjena standardna agrotehnika. Hemijski sastav ploda kukuruza, tokom dve godine istraživanja, određivan je u fazi fiziološke zrelosti zrna kukuruza. Rezultati istraživanja pokazuju da je, u proseku za ispitivane faktore, sadržaj mineralnih materija u zrnu kukuruza iznosio 1,87%. U prvoj godini istraživanja, utvrđen je veći sadržaj pepela u zrnu za 0,23% u poređenju s drugom godinom. Primenjene količine azota značajno i veoma značajno su uticale na sadržaj mineralnih materija u zrnu kukuruza.Mineral matters are necessary for the growth and development of plants as well as for normal functioning of human and animal organisms. Mineral matters enter the food chains through the plants making the knowledge and study of the mineral content of plants very remarkable. The study of the content of mineral matters in maize grain, depending on the growing quantities of nitrogen fertilizer, has been conducted during a two-year period on the locality of Zemun Polje, in climate conditions of the Eastern Srem. In these experiments, a standard agrotechnique is applied. The chemical contents of the maize yield during the two-year period of the experiment is determined in a phase of the phyisiological ripeness of maize grain. Our research results show that, in the average for the examined factors, the content of mineral matters in maize grain was 1.87%. It is determined that the content of ash in grain was for 0.23% higher in the first year of the experiment than in the second one. The applied quantities of nitrogen had a significant and a very significant impact on the content of mineral matters in maize grain.Radovi sa 33. Savetovanja agronoma, veterinara, tehnologa i agroekonomista, Padinska Skela, 2019

Uticaj pesticida na biljke, mikroorganizme zemljišta i zdravstvenu bezbednost hrane u biljnoj proizvodnji

Pesticides, is chemical agents for plant protection, and are mostly used in agriculture and forestry (90%), i.e. in plant production. In addition to accumulating in the environment, pesticides act on plants, microorganisms and other members of the biocenosis, and through the food chain, they reach the human body, where they exhibit active biological effects. In this study, the impact of pesticides on plants, soil microorganisms and food safety in crop production is considered.Pesticidi, su hemijska sredstva za zaštitu bilja, i najviše se upotrebljavaju u poljoprivredi i šumarstvu (90%), odnosno u biljnoj proizvodnji. Pored akumuliranja u životnoj sredini, pesticidi djeluju na biljke, mikroorganizme i ostale članove biocenoza, a preko lanaca ishrane, dospevaju i u organizam čoveka, u kojem ispoljavaju aktivna biološka dejstva. U ovoj stidiji razmatra se uticaj pesticida na biljke, mikroorganizme zemljišta i zdravstvenu bezbednost hrane u biljnoj proizvodnji