Estimating achievement from fame

We report a method for estimating people's achievement based on their fame. Earlier we discovered (cond-mat/0310049) that fame of fighter pilot aces (measured as number of Google hits) grows exponentially with their achievement (number of victories). We hypothesize that the same functional relation between achievement and fame holds for other professions. This allows us to estimate achievement for professions where an unquestionable and universally accepted measure of achievement does not exist. We apply the method to Nobel Prize winners in Physics. For example, we obtain that Paul Dirac, who is hundred times less famous than Einstein contributed to physics only two times less. We compare our results with Landau's ranking

"Hvor noveller og vers gror opp" hos Nobelprisvinnere – Knut Hamsuns novelle "En ganske almindelig flue av middels størrelse" i en russisk kontekst

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Influence of alkaline modification on adsorption properties of alumina

The kinetics of water vapor adsorption on alumina adsorbents at a temperature of 25 °C was studied. It was shown that modification by cations of alkali metals (K, Na) of the adsorbent based on alumina allows increasing its efficiency in the process of water vapor adsorption. The mathematical treatment of the experimental data by the dependence of water vapor adsorption on the time with the help of the Linear Driving Force (LDF) model and the dependence of adsorbent's adsorption capacity on the water vapor concentration (adsorption isotherm) by Dubinin-Astakhov equation was carried out. Constants included in the equations were defined

Effect of particle size on adsorption kinetics of water vapor on porous aluminium oxide material

Influence of the grain size of aluminium oxide material, being a product of centrifugal thermal activation of hydrargillite, on adsorption kinetics of water vapors was studied. The material was characterized by the BET method and X-ray phase analysis (XRD). Influence of gas flow rate on adsorption dynamics was studied on a laboratory installation using McBain-Bakr quartz balance. It was shown that with the fraction size greater than 0.5-1.0 mm, the rate of water vapor adsorption on this adsorbent decreased, which was connected with the influence of internal diffusion resistance. On the base of the first-order kinetic equation for the water adsorption mathematical modeling was carried out. The kinetic parameters of the equation for the various grain size samples (0.25-0.5 mm and 0.5-1.0 mm and 3.7 x 6 mm granule) were determined

THE DEVELOPMENT OF MOLECULAR SPECIES TYPING SYSTEM FOR IXODES PERSULCATUS AND IXODES PAVLOVSKYI TICKS

Determination of ticks species is very important for epidemiology and ecology investigations but in some cases the morphological study couldn't be carried out. In this work the PCR system based on species-specific primers to cytochrome oxidase subunit 1 (COI) gene sequence was developed for molecular species typing of Ixodes persulcatus and. Ixodes pavlovskyi ticks

Aluminium oxide-hydroxides obtained by hydrothermal synthesis: influence of thermal treatment on phase composition and textural characteristics

Aluminium oxide-hydroxides obtained by means of the hydrothermal synthesis of aluminium nanopowder are of great interest in terms of the potential supports for heterogeneous catalysts due its high specific surface area (200...300 m2/g) and pore size of 4...17 nm. In this work the influence of thermal treatment (150...1300 °C) on structural and phase composition, specific surface area and porosity of aluminium oxide-hydroxides has been investigated. Nanostructured γ-Al2O3 (T=400 °C) was found to have the specific surface area of 328 m2/g and average pore size of ~9 nm. The thermal treatment of aluminium oxide- hydroxides at the temperature of higher and lower than 400 °C has caused the reduction of specific surface area and overall pore volume

Breed and adaptive response modulate bovine peripheral blood cells’ transcriptome

Background: Adaptive response includes a variety of physiological modifications to face changes in external or internal conditions and adapt to a new situation. The acute phase proteins (APPs) are reactants synthesized against environmental stimuli like stress, infection, inflammation. Methods: To delineate the differences in molecular constituents of adaptive response to the environment we performed the whole-blood transcriptome analysis in Italian Holstein (IH) and Italian Simmental (IS) breeds. For this, 663 IH and IS cows from six commercial farms were clustered according to the blood level of APPs. Ten extreme individuals (five APP+ and APP- variants) from each farm were selected for the RNA-seq using the Illumina sequencing technology. Differentially expressed (DE) genes were analyzed using dynamic impact approach (DIA) and DAVID annotation clustering. Milk production data were statistically elaborated to assess the association of APP+ and APP- gene expression patterns with variations in milk parameters. Results: The overall de novo assembly of cDNA sequence data generated 13,665 genes expressed in bovine blood cells. Comparative genomic analysis revealed 1,152 DE genes in the comparison of all APP+ vs. all APP- variants; 531 and 217 DE genes specific for IH and IS comparison respectively. In all comparisons overexpressed genes were more represented than underexpressed ones. DAVID analysis revealed 369 DE genes across breeds, 173 and 73 DE genes in IH and IS comparison respectively. Among the most impacted pathways for both breeds were vitamin B6 metabolism, folate biosynthesis, nitrogen metabolism and linoleic acid metabolism. Conclusions: Both DIA and DAVID approaches produced a high number of significantly impacted genes and pathways with a narrow connection to adaptive response in cows with high level of blood APPs. A similar variation in gene expression and impacted pathways between APP+ and APP- variants was found between two studied breeds. Such similarity was also confirmed by annotation clustering of the DE genes. However, IH breed showed higher and more differentiated impacts compared to IS breed and such particular features in the IH adaptive response could be explained by its higher metabolic activity. Variations of milk production data were significantly associated with APP+ and APP- gene expression patterns