Simulation Studying Effects of Multiple Primary Aberrations on Donut-Shaped Gaussian Beam

In this paper, we demonstrate the variation of donut-shaped depletion pattern which influenced by multiple primary aberrations. The simulation is base on a common stimulation emission of depletion (STED) system composed by Gaussian laser and vortex phase plate. The simulation results are helpful guidelines for analyzing the aberration of depletion patterns in real situations

High-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-1 ratio is an important indicator predicting in-hospital death in patients with acute coronary syndrome

Background: Dyslipidemia plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS). This study aims to investigate the value of two indices associated with lipid metabolism, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein B ratio (LBR) and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol to apolipoprotein A-1 ratio (HAR), to predict in-hospital death in patients with ACS. Methods: This single-center, retrospective, observational study included 3,366 consecutive ACS patients in Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University from July 2013 to January 2018. The clinical and laboratory data were extracted, and the in-hospital death and hospitalization days were also recorded. Results: All patients were equally divided into four groups according to quartiles of HAR: Q1 (HAR < 1.0283), Q2 (1.0283 ≤ HAR < 1.0860), Q3 (1.0860 ≤ HAR < 1.1798), and Q4 (HAR ≥ 1.1798). Overall, HAR was positively associated with the counts of neutrophils and monocytes, whereas negatively correlated to lymphocyte counts. HAR was negatively correlated to left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF). Compared to other three groups, in-hospital mortality (vs. Q1, Q2, and Q3, p < 0.001) and hospitalization length (vs. Q1, Q2, and Q3, p < 0.001) were significantly higher in the Q4 group. When grouped by LBR, however, there was no significant difference in LVEF, in-hospital mortality, and hospitalization length among groups. After adjusting potential impact from age, systolic blood pressure, creatine, lactate dehydrogenase, albumin, glucose, and uric acid, multivariate analysis indicated that HAR was an independent factor predicting in-hospital death among ACS patients. Conclusions: HAR had good predictive value for patients’ in-hospital death after the occurrence of acute coronary events, but LBR was not related to in-hospital adverse events

Does internet usage drive antibiotic reduction in China's livestock industry? Evidence from Chinese duck farmers

The reduction of antibiotics in livestock farming is of great significance for ensuring the safety of meat-derived food and reducing farming pollution. Agricultural technology extension can precisely, efficiently, and cost-effectively provide frontline concepts and technologies for antibiotic reduction to farmers. However, there is still a lack of empirical evidence on the impact of Internet usage on antibiotic reduction among farmers. Based on survey data from 1005 duck farmers in 9 provinces across China, this study empirically analyzes the impact of Internet usage on the reduction of antibiotics among duck farmers and its underlying mechanisms. The results indicate that Internet usage significantly affects antibiotic reduction among farmers, a conclusion that holds true after endogeneity testing and robustness testing. Cognition of ecological benefits and cognition of health benefits are crucial pathways for promoting antibiotic reduction in farming, and Internet usage significantly enhances farmers' cognition of ecological and health benefits. Regarding information effectiveness, technical training exhibits complementary effects on Internet usage. The marginal effects of Internet usage on antibiotic reduction among farmers are significantly enhanced when the quantity and quality of family labor are at a medium level or higher. Internet usage has a substantial impact on antibiotic reduction among farmers when the quantity of family labor is at a medium level or higher, and information effectiveness can effectively promote antibiotic reduction in farming. There is no apparent heterogeneity in the impact of information effectiveness on antibiotic reduction among farmers of different quality groups

Geology and origin of the post-collisional Narigongma porphyry Cu-Mo deposit, southern Qinghai, Tibet

Narigongma is a poorly studied Mo-rich (similar to 0.06 wt.%) post-collisional porphyry Cu deposit located in southern Qinghai Province, Tibet, 400 km northwest of the Yulong porphyry Cu-Mo-Au belt. The Narigongma deposit has a similar age (43-40 Ma) to porphyry deposits in the Yulong belt, but different ore assemblages. The Narigongma deposit is associated with Eocene granodiorite and granite intrusions that were emplaced into a Permian volcanic-sedimentary rock sequence. An similar to 43.3 Ma biotite granite stock (P1 porphyry) is the earliest Eocene intrusion, and this was itself intruded by a number of smaller, similar to 43.6 Ma fine-grained granite porphyry stocks (P2 porphyry) and several post-ore quartz diorite porphyry dikes (similar to 41.7 Ma). The main Cu-Mo mineralization at Narigongma is associated with the P1 porphyry. Hydrothermal alteration surrounding the deposits is generally characterized by concentric zones that range from an inner potassic zone outward to phyllic and argillic alteration zones, and an outer propylitic zone. Hypogene mineralization at Narigongrna was characterized by early-stage precipitation of molybdenite during potassic alteration and late-stage deposition of chalcopyrite during phyllic alteration. Deposition of both the Mo and Cu mineralization stages was caused by decreasing temperature. A high degree of crystallization of the P1 porphyry occurred prior to fluid saturation that produced Mo enrichment in the residual melt due to the incompatible behavior of Mo. However, compatible Cu was sequestered by the crystallizing phases and resulted in the generation of a high-Mo/Cu magmatic-hydrothermal fluid and the final Mo +/- Cu mineralization assemblage. Zircon epsilon(Hf)(t) values of +4.1 to +7.9 are indicative of magma derivation from a depleted source. These isotopic data, coupled with other geochemical characteristics of the Narigongma porphyry, such as high SiO2 and K2O contents, low MgO contents and compatible element abundances, and highly fractionated rare earth element patterns, indicate a mixing model for the origin of the porphyry bodies. Generation of the post-collisional ore-forming porphyries occurred in two stages: (1) partial melting of metasomatized phlogopite-bearing lithospheric mantle that generated potassic to ultra-potassic mafic melts, and (2) underplating of such melts beneath thickened juvenile lower crust, which triggered partial melting of the lower crust to produce the ore-forming, high-K adakitic magma. (C) 2013 International Association for Gondwana Research. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Clinical features and prognosis of systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by active cytomegalovirus infection: a retrospective cohort study

ObjectiveThe aim of this study was to investigate the clinical traits and consequences of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) complicated by active cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection.MethodsThis retrospective review involved the examination of medical records for patients diagnosed with SLE who had an active CMV infection at the time of their discharge from Peking Union Medical College Hospital between June 2016 and December 2022. The consistency between plasma CMV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) viral load and pp65 antigenemia was analyzed using the chi-square test. Related factors for CMV disease in SLE complicated by active CMV infection patients were analyzed by univariate analysis and multivariable stepwise logistic regression. Cox hazards regression analysis was used to determine predictors for all-cause mortality and CMV recurrence within 3 months.ResultsA total of 206 patients were enrolled in this study. Of the 123 patients who were detected with both plasma CMV DNA viral load and pp65 antigenemia within an interval not exceeding 72 h, the consistency between plasma CMV DNA viral load and pp65 antigenemia was not good (Kappa = −0.304, p < 0.001). Plasma CMV DNA viral load ≥ 1,600 copies/mL [odds ratio (OR) 4.411, 95% CI 1.871–10.402, p = 0.001], current glucocorticoids dose (equivalent to prednisolone) ≥60 mg/d (OR 2.155, 95% CI 1.071–4.334, p = 0.031), and elevated alanine transaminase (OR 3.409, 95% CI 1.563–7.435, p = 0.002) were significant clinical clues indicating CMV disease in SLE. Multivariable Cox hazards regression analysis showed that CMV organ involvement [hazard ratio (HR) 47.222, 95% CI 5.621–396.689, p < 0.001], SLE multi-system involvement (HR 1.794, 95% CI 1.029–3.128, p = 0.039), and elevated hypersensitive C-reactive protein (hsCRP) (HR 5.767, 95% CI 1.190–27.943, p = 0.030) were independent risk factors for 3-month all-cause mortality. CMV organ involvement (HR 3.404, 95% CI 1.074–10.793, p = 0.037) was an independent risk factor for CMV recurrence within 3 months.ConclusionIn SLE patients, plasma CMV DNA viral load seemed to have a higher value in the diagnosis of CMV disease; patients with CMV organ involvement, SLE multi-system involvement, and elevated hsCRP might have a higher risk of 3-month all-cause mortality; and patients with CMV organ involvement might have a higher risk of CMV recurrence within 3 months

Study of Oscillating Electroosmotic Flows with High Temporal and Spatial Resolution

Near-wall velocity of oscillating electroosmotic flow (OEOF) driven by an AC electric field has been investigated using a laser-induced fluorescence photobleaching anemometer (LIFPA). For the first time, an up to 3 kHz velocity response of OEOF has been successfully measured experimentally, even though the oscillating velocity is as low as 600 nm/s. It is found that the oscillating velocity decays with the forcing frequency <i>f</i>_f as <i>f</i>_f^–0.66. In the investigated range of electric field intensity (<i>E</i>_A), below 1 kHz, the linear relation between oscillating velocity and <i>E</i>_A is also observed. Because the oscillating velocity at high frequency is very small, the contribution of noise to velocity measurement is significant, and it is discussed in this manuscript. The investigation reveals the instantaneous response of OEOF to the temporal change of electric fields, which exists in almost all AC electrokinetic flows. Furthermore, the experimental observations are important for designing OEOF-based micro/nanofluidics systems

Study of Oscillating Electroosmotic Flows with High Temporal and Spatial Resolution

Near-wall velocity of oscillating electroosmotic flow (OEOF) driven by an AC electric field has been investigated using a laser-induced fluorescence photobleaching anemometer (LIFPA). For the first time, an up to 3 kHz velocity response of OEOF has been successfully measured experimentally, even though the oscillating velocity is as low as 600 nm/s. It is found that the oscillating velocity decays with the forcing frequency <i>f</i>_f as <i>f</i>_f^–0.66. In the investigated range of electric field intensity (<i>E</i>_A), below 1 kHz, the linear relation between oscillating velocity and <i>E</i>_A is also observed. Because the oscillating velocity at high frequency is very small, the contribution of noise to velocity measurement is significant, and it is discussed in this manuscript. The investigation reveals the instantaneous response of OEOF to the temporal change of electric fields, which exists in almost all AC electrokinetic flows. Furthermore, the experimental observations are important for designing OEOF-based micro/nanofluidics systems