A design for a reusable Ada library

A goal of the Ada language standardization effort is to promote reuse of software, implying the existence of substantial software libraries and the storage/retrieval mechanisms to support them. A searching/cataloging mechanism is proposed that permits full or partial distribution of the database, adapts to a variety of searching mechanisms, permits a changine taxonomy with minimal disruption, and minimizes the requirement of specialized cataloger/indexer skills. The important observation is that key words serve not only as indexing mechanism, but also as an identification mechanism, especially via concatenation and as support for a searching mechanism. By deliberately separating these multiple uses, the modifiability and ease of growth that current libraries require, is achieved

Spectral cues are necessary to encode azimuthal auditory space in the mouse superior colliculus.

Sound localization plays a critical role in animal survival. Three cues can be used to compute sound direction: interaural timing differences (ITDs), interaural level differences (ILDs) and the direction-dependent spectral filtering by the head and pinnae (spectral cues). Little is known about how spectral cues contribute to the neural encoding of auditory space. Here we report on auditory space encoding in the mouse superior colliculus (SC). We show that the mouse SC contains neurons with spatially-restricted receptive fields (RFs) that form an azimuthal topographic map. We found that frontal RFs require spectral cues and lateral RFs require ILDs. The neurons with frontal RFs have frequency tunings that match the spectral structure of the specific head and pinna filter for sound coming from the front. These results demonstrate that patterned spectral cues in combination with ILDs give rise to the topographic map of azimuthal auditory space

Law Enforcement’s Use of Social Media: It is more then just a post

Social media has become a preferred way to communicate for many and can be a look into the user’s personal life. However, law enforcement also knows this. Law enforcement’s use of social media for investigations has been proven to be effective in monitoring gatherings and helping to solve crimes. While legal, law enforcement also has an ethical responsibility to the community and have strong policies in place to prevent misuse of this tool. This is not the only use of social media by law enforcement. Social media is also used to interact with the community. Reviewing the good and bad aspects of posting on social media helps build community support in a way to influence a positive reaction from the citizens. During a crisis law enforcement can send out press releases and provide information. To prepare for such an event the department should have plans that include pre-crisis, during crisis, and post-crisis. These plans will be used to provide information in a reliable fashion

Application of Overburden Effects to the Elastic Scattering Limit for CDMSlite Run 3

Many different types of astronomical evidence suggest that most of the mass in the universe is attributable to a nonluminous matter, called dark matter by physicists. Dark matter is believed to be one or more new elementary particles with currently unknown properties. So far, the prevailing method for attempting to discern the properties of the new particle(s) is to observe a direct collision between dark matter and standard model particles. SuperCDMS is a direct detection experiment conducted underground that measures ionization and phonon energy in cryogenic germanium crystal detectors. While taking data in the CDMSlite configuration it can amplify the ionization signal, dramatically lowering the threshold for a detectable amount of energy deposited in the detector via a collision with a hypothetical dark matter particle. Previous analysis of data taken in the CDMSlite mode examining the elastic scattering limit disregarded any energy loss due to the dark matter passing through the earth and atmosphere to reach the detector. The practical effect of this energy loss is that any dark matter particles which have very high interaction cross sections with normal matter (∼ 10−30cm2) will have lost too much of their energy to be detectable by the experiment once they have reached it. This work will describe a method to account for this effect and present a re-analysis of the CDMSlite run 3 data, resulting in an adjusted sensitivity band, rather v than just a lower limit. The lower limit of the new band is consistent with the previously published lower limit obtained without incorporation of the overburden. The upper limit is consistent with the previous limits from other experiments, with an upper limit on the cross section of 10−31 cm2 for a 1.5 GeV WIMP

The Minor Biblical Prereformers of the XV Century

We cannot speak of “Pre-reformers” unless we have a clear conception of the tem “reformation”. Too often we leave the Reformation historically unexplained as if it were a sudden upheaval in the life of the church, a change as sudden as the inversion of an hour glass. But no Reformer just drops from heaven. “In spite of its originality and freshness, the Reformation by no means interrupted the continuity of human affairs - on the contrary, it was, on the one hand, preceded and its way prepared by pious and enlightened men, who preached almost the very doctrines that distinguished the Reformers, while, on the other hand a very and considerable Christian and intellectual culture was possessed by numerous individuals and communities, and generally, there was a wide circle of susceptible minds which sympathized with the Reformers, and resigned themselves to their influence”