Facile sand enhanced electro-flocculation for cost-efficient harvesting of Dunaliella salina

通讯作者地址: Jia, LSEnergy consumption and water resource in the cultivation and harvesting steps still need to be minimized for the popularization of the microalgae-based products. An efficient electro-flocculation method for harvesting Dunaliella Salina integrated with local sand has been successfully applied. Sand was effective for speeding up the processes of flocculation and sedimentation of algal flocs and the electrolytic hydroxides was essential to bridge the sand and small flocs into large dense flocs. The maximal recovery effective improved from 95.13% in 6 min to 98.09% in 4.5 min and the optimal electrical energy consumption decreased 51.03% compared to conventional electro-flocculation in a laboratory ambient condition. Furthermore, reusing the flocculated medium in cultivation of the D. Salina with nitrogen supplemented performed no worse than using fresh medium. This sand enhanced electro-flocculation (SEF) technology provides a great potential for saving time and energy associated with improving microalgae harvesting.Xiamen Southern Oceanographic Center of Fujian Province of China 14CZP046HJ20 talents introduction project of Shenzhen City Science and Technology R&D funds recruit research of China ZYD201111080010

Urinary screening of elementary school students in Taicang, China

AbstractBackground: Chronic kidney disease in children is a severe progressive disease that influences the growth, development, and life quality of patients. This study aimed to explore the detection rate of proteinuria and hematuria in elementary school students in Taicang, China.Materials and methods: From 2015 to 2019, urine specimens were selected from 11,753 pupils in Taicang. The samples were tested for proteinuria and hematuria by applying single urine tests and urine sediment microscopic examinations. The observation results were divided into three groups: hematuria, proteinuria, and co-existing hematuria and proteinuria. In addition, kidney biopsies were carried out.Results: The positive rate of urinary abnormalities was 0.842% (99 cases), of which there were 51 cases (0.433%) of proteinuria, 42 cases (0.357%) of hematuria, and six cases (0.051%) of co-existing proteinuria and hematuria. In terms of gender, of the 99 cases, 63 were female students (1.142%) and 36 were male students (0.577%). Additionally, the age distribution results indicated that the prevalence of urine abnormalities in each age group from age 7 to age 13 were 11.11%, 12.12%, 12.12%, 16.16%, 29.29%, 18.18% and 3.03%, respectively. Furthermore, one immunoglobin A nephropathy case was certified by renal biopsy assay in the follow-up at six months.Conclusions: The urine screening revealed that abnormal proteinuria was the main form of urinary abnormalities in elementary school students from Taicang. Urine screening is necessary for early detection and intervention of kidney disease. [Ethiop. J. Health Dev. 2021; 35(2):91-96] Key words: Urine screening, Taicang, elementary school student, proteinuria, hematuri

Graphene oxide mediated self-sacrificial synthesis of LaCO 3 OH-Ni(OH) 2 @graphene hierarchical composite for photocatalytic H 2 evolution and supercapacitor

Abstract(#br)Herein, we designed a one-step lattice-confined etching perovskite nanoparticles and self-sacrificing graphene oxide (GO) induced self-assembly strategy to synthesize novel 3D nest-like LaCO 3 OH and flower-like Ni(OH) 2 @graphene (RGO) hierarchical composite as a high performance photocatalyst and electrode material. The lattice-confined effect regulates the concentration and distribution of nickel ions migrating from perovskite to GO and thus constructs a homogeneous Ni(OH) 2 @RGO nanostructure. La(OH) 3 formed by residual lattice frames react with CO 3 2− from self-sacrificing of GO self-assembly to form nest-like LaCO 3 OH, which is embedded in the Ni(OH) 2 @RGO nanosheets. GO was utilized as both morphology control reagent and self-sacrificed carbon source. Benefit from the extremely rapid transfer of electron on the homogeneous Ni(OH) 2 @RGO nanosheets and high light-harvesting capacity of 3D nest and flower-like composite of LaCO 3 OH-Ni(OH) 2 @RGO, the properties of photocatalysis and supercapacitor are greatly enhanced. The H 2 production rate of 1.3807 mmol h −1 g −1 has been achieved which is 13 times higher than pure LaCO 3 OH. Electrochemical studies showed that a specific capacitance of 572.47 F g −1 was obtained at a scan rate of 10 mv/s with 80% capacitance retention even after 20,000 cycles. This composite synthesized from GO mediated etching solid phase perovskite surface ion migration under lattice-confined action provides a novel technical route for the direct self-assembly of solid nanoparticles and GO to synthesize new functional materials

HIV-1 can infect northern pig-tailed macaques (Macaca leonina) and form viral reservoirs in vivo

Viral reservoirs of HIV-1 are a major obstacle for curing AIDS. The novel animal models that can be directly infected with HIV-1 will contribute to develop effective strategies for eradicating infections. Here, we inoculated 4 northern pig-tailed macaques (NPM) with the HIV-1 strain HIV-1NL4.3 and monitored the infection for approximately 3 years (150 weeks). The HIV-1-infected NPMs showed transient viremia for about 10 weeks after infection. However, cell-associated proviral DNA and viral RNA persisted in the peripheral blood and lymphoid organs for about 3 years. Moreover, replication-competent HIV-1 could be successfully recovered from peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) during long-term infection. The numbers of resting CD4+ T cells in HIV-1 infected NPMs harboring proviruses fell within a range of 2- to 3-log10 per million cells, and these proviruses could be reactivated both ex vivo and in vivo in response to co-stimulation with the latency-reversing agents JQ1 and prostratin. Our results suggested that NPMs can be infected with HIV-1 and a long-term viral reservoir was formed in NPMs, which might serve as a potential model for HIV-1 reservoir research

Analysis of the operational status of the three-level referral system for urologic ultrasound screening and risk factors for renal pelvic dilatation in high-risk children

BackgroundCongenital Anomalies of the Kidney and Urinary Tract (CAKUT) are the primary cause of end-stage renal disease in children, early diagnosis and treatment can significantly improve the kidney function. Among CAKUT, renal pelvis dilatation (RPD) due to various causes has the highest detection rate, which can be detected early by postnatal ultrasound screening. Since 2010, the Children's Hospital of Fudan University (CHFU), together with the Minhang District Maternal and Child Health Hospital (MCH) and Community Health Centres (CHCs) of Minhang District has created a three-level referral system for urological ultrasound screening. This study aims to describe the operation of a three-level referral system for ultrasound screening of CAKUT and to select risk factors of RPD in high-risk children.MethodsThe operation of the three-level referral system was assessed by analyzing the screening volume, screening rate, referral rate, and follow-up rate; risk factors of RPD in high-risk children were selected by chi-square test and multivariate logistic regression.ResultsA total of 16,468 high-risk children were screened in ten years, and the screening volume was maintained at about 1,500 cases per year; the screening rate showed a linear increase, from 36.8% in 2010 to 98.2% in 2019; the referral rate from the CHCs to the MCH was 89.9% significantly higher after 2015 than that of 84.7% from 2010 to 2015; the follow-up rate after 2015 was 71.0% significantly higher than that of 46.3% from 2010 to 2015. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk of RPD was 1.966 times higher in males than in females, and the risk of moderate to severe RPD was 2.570 times higher in males than in females; the risk of RPD in preterm children was 1.228 times higher than that of full-term children; and the risk of RPD was 1.218 times higher in twins than in singles.ConclusionsThe screening volume of the three-level referral system has remained stable over a decade, with significantly higher screening, referral, and follow-up rates. Males, preterm, and twins are risk factors of RPD in high-risk children; males are also risk factors for moderate to severe RPD in high-risk children

A novel biomass coated Ag-TiO2 composite as a photoanode for enhanced photocurrent in dye-sensitized solar cells

Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province of China [2010J01052]; National Natural Science Foundation of China [21036004, 21176203]A novel biomass-coated Ag nanoparticle-modified TiO2 composite was prepared and used as a photoanode in a dye-sensitized solar cell with a high surface area, strong light scattering and efficient electron transport. It was found that syzygium extract has an appreciable effective function as a reducing and stabilizing agent simultaneously. The mean size of the synthesized silver nanoparticles is 4.0 +/- 0.7 nm measured on the TEM images. Residual hydroxyl groups of the biomass on the photoanode improve dye absorption and electron injection efficiency. The syzygium-Ag-TiO2 DSSC exhibits the best performance with a short-circuit current of 11.8 mA cm(-2) corresponding to a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 5.12%, which is higher than the glucose-Ag-TiO2 and UV-Ag-TiO2 DSSCs, and much higher than the blank DSSC

Hyper-IL-15 suppresses metastatic and autochthonous liver cancer by promoting tumour-specific CD8+ T cell responses

Liver cancer has a very dismal prognosis due to lack of effective therapy. Here, we studied the therapeutic effects of hyper-interleukin15 (hyper-IL-15), which is composed of IL-15 and the sushi domain of the IL-15 receptor α chain, on metastatic and autochthonous liver cancers

Reversible removal of SO2 at low temperature by L-alpha-alanine supported on gamma-Al2O3

Fujian Province Science & Technology Program of China [2010H6024]L-alpha-Alanine was supported on gamma-Al2O3 to remove SO2 in this work. The effects of SO2 concentration, water vapor and temperature on the removal of SO2 were investigated. The experiment results showed that the activity of L-alpha-alanine on SO2 removal increased significantly when supported on gamma-Al2O3. SO2 saturation capacity increased with increase SO2 concentration, and kept about 57 mg/g when SO2 concentration exceeded 1.7%. Water vapor promoted SO2 removal and made SO2 saturation capacity increase greatly. SO2 saturation capacity decreased with increase in temperature, and room temperature was optimum. Raman spectroscopy analysis results revealed that SO2 weakly adsorbed onto the adsorbent mainly due to the interaction of SO2 and amino group via hydrogen bonds in the presence of water vapor. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis results indicated that a small amount of SO2 strongly adsorbed onto the adsorbent by forming aluminum sulfite. However, the strong chemical adsorption sites were saturated after the first adsorption and would no longer adsorb SO2 afterwards. Ten continuous adsorption-desorption cycles showed that the adsorbent had an excellent regeneration performance. Crown Copyright (C) 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved

Reversible removal of SO2 at low temperature by l-伪-alanine supported on 纬-Al2O3

l-伪-Alanine was supported on 纬-Al2O3 to remove SO2 in this work. The effects of SO2 concentration, water vapor and temperature on the removal of SO2 were investigated. The experiment results showed that the activity of l-伪-alanine on SO 2 removal increased significantly when supported on 纬-Al 2O3. SO2 saturation capacity increased with increase SO2 concentration, and kept about 57 mg/g when SO 2 concentration exceeded 1.7%. Water vapor promoted SO2 removal and made SO2 saturation capacity increase greatly. SO 2 saturation capacity decreased with increase in temperature, and room temperature was optimum. Raman spectroscopy analysis results revealed that SO2 weakly adsorbed onto the adsorbent mainly due to the interaction of SO2 and amino group via hydrogen bonds in the presence of water vapor. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis results indicated that a small amount of SO2 strongly adsorbed onto the adsorbent by forming aluminum sulfite. However, the strong chemical adsorption sites were saturated after the first adsorption and would no longer adsorb SO2 afterwards. Ten continuous adsorption-desorption cycles showed that the adsorbent had an excellent regeneration performance. 漏 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved