A Comparison of Harvest, Participation and Land Access among Resident and Non-resident Deer Hunters in Illinois

Grant/Contract No: W-112-R-17A random sample of 2,945 non-resident and 2,919 resident deer hunting license purchasers were mailed an 11-page questionnaire between January and April 2007. The questionnaire was designed to allow a comparison of deer hunting activities, methods of land access, expenditures on deer hunting and motivations for hunting deer in Illinois between resident and non-resident hunters. We received 1,916 (65%) valid responses from non-resident deer hunters and 1,744 (61%) from resident deer hunters. Both resident and non-resident hunters hunted the most days during the archery season, however, resident hunters harvested more deer during the regular firearm season than other seasons. Resident hunters harvested more does than other classes of deer, whereas non-residents harvested more bucks with ≥4 antler points per side than other classes of deer. Non-resident hunters harvested male deer and antlered deer at a higher rate respective to their harvest of female deer or antlerless deer. Resident deer hunters were more likely to harvest female or antlerless deer than males or antlered deer. Non-resident hunters leased land to hunt deer and hired outfitters more often than resident deer hunters. Resident deer hunters were more willing to harvest doe and buck fawns than were non-residents and faced fewer restrictions on their harvest placed by landowners. Non-resident deer hunters were more satisfied with their ability to access private hunting land, the number of other hunters seen and the quality of the Illinois deer herd than were resident hunters.INHS Technical Report Prepared for Illinois Department of Natural Resources; Illinois Natural History Surve

Results of the 2007-2008 Illinois Hunter Harvest Survey

Grant/Contract No: W-112-R-17A random sample of 3,000 potential hunters was selected from among 2007 Illinois Habitat Stamp and hunting license purchasers. An 8-page questionnaire was successfully mailed to 2,906 of the 3,000 individuals. We received 1,625 returned questionnaires, 1,620 of which were usable, for a 56% response rate. Comparisons of harvest estimates from the 2006-2007 season to the 2007-2008 season suggest harvest decreased for 10 game animal categories (rabbit, quail, pheasant, dove, gray partridge, fox squirrel, gray squirrel, red fox, gray fox, and opossum), and increased for 3 categories (woodcock, raccoon, and coyote). License sales increased 0.4% from 282,000 sold for the 2006 season to 283,000 sold in the 2007 season. This represents a recovery in license sales of less than 1% since the lowest level on record (since 1938) in 2005. Low license sales may be related to increasing difficulty in finding land to hunt. Resident hunters pursuing deer (61%) and small game species (51%) reported little difficulty in gaining access to hunting lands. However, all other seasons were associated with more difficulty in accessing land. Efforts should be undertaken to ensure that hunters are aware of the locations of public hunting lands associated with these seasons. Few residents reported leasing land (4%) or hiring outfitters (1%) to access land.INHS Technical Report Prepared for Illinois Department of Natural Resources; Illinois Natural History Surve

An Extended Multireference Study of the Electronic States of Para-benzyne

A state-averaged, multireference complete active space (CAS) approach was used for the determination of the vertical excitation energies of valence and Rydberg states of para-benzyne. Orbitals were generated with a 10- and 32-state averaged multiconfigurational self-consistent field approach. Electron correlation was included using multireference configuration interaction with singles and doubles, including the Pople correction for size extensivity, multireference averaged quadratic coupled cluster (MR-AQCC) and MR-AQCC based on linear response theory. There is a very high density of electronic states in this diradical system—there are more than 17 states within 7 eV of the ground state including two 3s Rydberg states. All excitations, except 2 1Ag. are from the π system to the δδ*system. Of the 32 states characterized, 15 were multiconfigurational, including the ground 1Ag state, providing further evidence for the necessity of a multireference approach for p-benzyne. The vertical singlet-triplet splitting was also characterized using a two-state averaged approach. A CAS (2,2) calculation was shown to be inadequate due to interaction with the π orbitals

What follows what? Relations between economic indicators, economic expectations of the public, and news on the general economy and unemployment in Germany, 2002–2011

This study aims to understand dynamic agenda-building and agenda-setting processes between real-world indicators, public expectations (PEs), and aggregated news on the general economy and unemployment for the four most popular general news outlets in Germany from 2002 to 2011: two public service, a commercial news show, and a tabloid newspaper. Vector autoregression models and Granger causality tests reveal that (1) news tone (NT) relates to real-world indicators; (2) PEs for the general economy and unemployment are partly set by the tone of news on the general economy, especially during recession times; and (3) PEs can forecast the future real-world economy

Spieltheoretische Überlegungen zum digitalen Journalismus

Dieser Beitrag verknüpft Theorien und Konzepte der Organisationsforschung und wendet sie zur Erklärung des Entstehens des redaktionellen Angebots von Nachrichtenorganisationen im digitalen Kontext an. Der Beitrag konzipiert Nachrichtenorganisationen als hybride Organisationen, die sich widersprüchlichen institutionellen Logiken verschrieben haben. Dabei lösen manche Entscheidungen - wie das Posten von Nachrichten im Clickbait-Stil - ein Dilemma zwischen publizistischen Normen und ökonomischen Zielen aus, das zunächst innerhalb der Organisation ausgehandelt werden muss. Werden kommerzielle Logiken vor dem Hintergrund von Kurationsalgorithmen sozialer Plattformen priorisiert, nutzen auch traditionelle Nachrichtenmedien Clickbait-Überschriften und weichen damit von professionellen Normen ab. Spieltheoretische Ansätze beschreiben, mittels welcher Spielstrategien Nachrichtenmedien abweichende Inhalte auf digitalen Plattformen anbieten.This article links theories and concepts of organizational research and applies them to explain the emergence of editorial supply of news organizations in the digital context. The article conceives news organizations as hybrid organizations that are committed to contradictory institutional logics. Some decisions - such as the posting of clickbait-style news - trigger a dilemma between journalistic norms and economic goals that must first be negotiated within the organization. If commercial logics are prioritized against the background of curation algorithms of social platforms, traditional news media also use clickbait headlines and thus deviate from professional norms. Game theoretical approaches describe the game strategies by which news media supply deviating content on digital platforms

Ultrafast Excited-state Proton Transfer Processes: Energy Surfaces and On-the-fly Dynamics Simulations

The excited-state intramolecular proton transfer (ESIPT) is reviewed for several benchmark systems [o-hydroxybenzaldehyde (OHBA), salicylic acid and 2-(2′-hydroxyphenyl)-benzothiazole (HBT)] in order to verify the applicability of the time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) and the resolution-of-the-identity approximate second-order coupled cluster (RI-CC2) methods. It was found that these approaches are very well suited for the description of ESIPT processes. A comparative investigation of previous and new excited-state dynamics simulations is performed for HBT, 10-hydroxybenzo[h]quinoline (HBQ), and [2,2′-bipyridyl]-3,3′-diol (BP(OH)2). The time scale for the ESIPT process in these systems ranges in the time interval of 30−40 fs for HBT and HBQ and amounts to about 10 fs for the first proton transfer step in BP(OH)2. The dynamics simulations also show that the proton transfer in HBT is strongly supported by skeletal modes and the proton plays a rather passive role, whereas in HBQ a semipassive mechanism is found due to its increased rigidity in comparison to HBT. The special role of the double proton transfer in BP(OH)2 is discussed as well

Assessing Ecological and Social Outcomes of a Bear-Proofing Experiment

Human-black bear conflicts within urban environments have been increasing throughout North America, becoming a high priority management issue. The main factor influencing these conflicts is black bears foraging on anthropogenic foods within areas of human development, primarily on residential garbage. Wildlife professionals have advocated for increased bear-proofing measures to decrease the accessibility of garbage to bears, but little research has been conducted to empirically test the effectiveness of this approach for reducing conflicts. Between 2011 and 2016, we conducted a before-after-control-impact experiment in Durango, Colorado where we distributed 1,110 bear-resistant trash containers, enhanced education, and increased enforcement to residents in 2 treatment areas, and monitored 2 paired control areas. We examined the ecological and social outcomes of this experiment, assessing whether bear-resistant containers were effective at reducing conflicts; the level of public compliance (i.e., properly locking away garbage) needed to reduce conflicts; whether the effectiveness of bear-resistant containers increased over time; and if the distribution of bear-resistant containers changed residents’ attitudes about bear management, support for ordinances that require bear-proofing, or perceptions of their future risk of garbage-related conflicts. After the bear-resistant containers were deployed, trash-related conflicts (i.e., observations of strewn trash) were 60% lower in treatment areas than control areas, resident compliance with local wildlife ordinances (properly locking away trash) was 39% higher in treatment areas than control areas, and the effectiveness of the new containers was immediate. Conflicts declined as resident compliance with wildlife ordinances increased to approximately 60% (by using a bear-resistant container or locking trash in a secure location), with minor additional declines in conflicts at higher levels of compliance. In addition to these ecological benefits, public mail surveys demonstrated that the deployment of bear-resistant containers was associated with increases in the perceived quality of bear management and support for ordinances that require bear-proofing, and declines in the perceived risk of future trash-related conflicts. Our results validate efforts by wildlife professionals and municipalities to reduce black bear access to human foods, and should encourage other entities of the merits of bear-proofing efforts for reducing human-bear conflicts and improving public attitudes about bears and their management

Assessing Ecological and Social Outcomes of a Bear-Proofing Experiment

Human-black bear conflicts within urban environments have been increasing throughout North America, becoming a high priority management issue. The main factor influencing these conflicts is black bears foraging on anthropogenic foods within areas of human development, primarily on residential garbage. Wildlife professionals have advocated for increased bear-proofing measures to decrease the accessibility of garbage to bears, but little research has been conducted to empirically test the effectiveness of this approach for reducing conflicts. Between 2011 and 2016, we conducted a before-after-control-impact experiment in Durango, Colorado where we distributed 1,110 bear-resistant trash containers, enhanced education, and increased enforcement to residents in 2 treatment areas, and monitored 2 paired control areas. We examined the ecological and social outcomes of this experiment, assessing whether bear-resistant containers were effective at reducing conflicts; the level of public compliance (i.e., properly locking away garbage) needed to reduce conflicts; whether the effectiveness of bear-resistant containers increased over time; and if the distribution of bear-resistant containers changed residents’ attitudes about bear management, support for ordinances that require bear-proofing, or perceptions of their future risk of garbage-related conflicts. After the bear-resistant containers were deployed, trash-related conflicts (i.e., observations of strewn trash) were 60% lower in treatment areas than control areas, resident compliance with local wildlife ordinances (properly locking away trash) was 39% higher in treatment areas than control areas, and the effectiveness of the new containers was immediate. Conflicts declined as resident compliance with wildlife ordinances increased to approximately 60% (by using a bear-resistant container or locking trash in a secure location), with minor additional declines in conflicts at higher levels of compliance. In addition to these ecological benefits, public mail surveys demonstrated that the deployment of bear-resistant containers was associated with increases in the perceived quality of bear management and support for ordinances that require bear-proofing, and declines in the perceived risk of future trash-related conflicts. Our results validate efforts by wildlife professionals and municipalities to reduce black bear access to human foods, and should encourage other entities of the merits of bear-proofing efforts for reducing human-bear conflicts and improving public attitudes about bears and their management