Quantification and mapping of coastal flooding extension for Bissau, Guinea-Bissau: a climate change scenario perspective

RESUMO: A inundação costeira (IC) constitui um dos impactos mais significativos da elevação do nível do mar (ENM) resultante das alterações climáticas.Acidade de Bissau, que alberga ~25% da população da Guiné-Bissau, já é afetada pela IC devido às marés e tempestades, esperando-se um agravamento devido à ENM. Este artigo avaliou a vulnerabilidade à IC em cenário de ENM na cidade de Bissau, através do modelo de superfície de inundação única, considerando um valor único de inundação, aquireferido como nível total de água (NTA) e uma superfície topográfica.Aextensão da inundação foi quantificada e cartografada usando o NTA estimado para 2100 (5,2 m). Os resultados indicam que a área potencialmente inundada corresponde a 29,3% do total da área de estudo. A zona Sudoeste da cidade é a mais exposta à inundação, devido à baixa altitude e ocupação desordenada de terrenos, tornando esta região mais vulnerável num cenário de alterações climáticas.ABSTRACT: Coastal flooding (CF), enhanced by climate change, is one of the most significant impacts of sea level rise (SLR). Bissau city, home to ~25% of Guinea-Bissau population is already affected by CF due to tides and storms. It is anticipated that the situation will deteriorate in coming decades with the expected scenarios of SLR. This article evaluated the vulnerability to coastal flooding of Bissau, using the single-value model, which considers two variables: inundation value and a topographic surface. The inundation value, here referred as total water level (TWL) was estimated by the sum of three vertical components: astronomical tide (AT), storm surge (SS) and the SLR estimation for the considered scenario. Thus, the inundation extension was quantified and mapped using a TWL estimated for the year 2100, and a high-precision global Digital Elevation Model (DEM – TanDEM-X) of the Bissau region. The results indicate that the land potentially to be flooded corresponds to 29.3% of the study area (94.9 km²). The Southwest zone of Bissau presents greater exposure to flooding, due to its low altitude. Also, the disorderly anthropogenic occupation of flooded lands, makes these areas more vulnerable in a climate change scenario.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Quantificação e cartografia da extensão de inundação costeira em Bissau, Guiné-Bissau: perspetiva em cenário de alterações climáticas

Coastal flooding (CF), enhanced by climate change, is one of the most significant impacts of sea level rise (SLR). Bissau city, home to ~25% of Guinea-Bissau population is already affected by CF due to tides and storms. It is anticipated that the situation will deteriorate in coming decades with the expected scenarios of SLR. This article evaluated the vulnerability to coastal flooding of Bissau, using the single-value model, which considers two variables: inundation value and a topographic surface. The inundation value, here referred as total water level (TWL) was estimated by the sum of three vertical components: astronomical tide (AT), storm surge (SS) and the SLR estimation for the considered scenario. Thus, the inundation extension was quantified and mapped using a TWL estimated for the year 2100, and a high-precision global Digital Elevation Model (DEM – TanDEM-X) of the Bissau region. The results indicate that the land potentially to be flooded corresponds to 29.3% of the study area (94.9 km²). The Southwest zone of Bissau presents greater exposure to flooding, due to its low altitude. Also, the disorderly anthropogenic occupation of flooded lands, makes these areas more vulnerable in a climate change scenario.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

Using semi-automated classification algorithms in the context of an ecosystem service assessment applied to a temperate atlantic estuary

The growing anthropogenic pressure near estuarine areas is evidence of the relevance of these systems to human well-being, especially because of their delivery of essential ecosystem services and benefits. Estuaries are composed of a rich large selection of habitats frequently organised in complex patterns. Mapping and further understanding of these habitats can contribute significantly to environmental management and conservation. The main goal of this study was to integrate different data sources to perform a supervised image classification, using remote-sensing products with different spatial resolutions and features. It was focused on the Sado Estuary, located on the Portuguese Atlantic coast. Considering the limitation of using free satellite images to map estuary habitats (i.e. limited spectral range and spatial resolution), this study uses a semi-automated supervised and pixel-based classification to overcome some of the derived classification problems. Support Vector Machine classifier was used to map the estuary for future evaluation of ecosystem services provided by each habitat. High-resolution remote sensing data (i.e., Planet Scope satellite images, aerial photographs) with different spectral and spatial features (3 m and 20 cm resolution, respectively) were used with ground truthing data to train the classifier and validate the derived maps. The first step of the classification identified broader classes of habitats in the satellite images based on visual interpretation of ground-truth data. From this output, aerial images were classified into detailed classes, the same procedure was hindered on the satellite images due to spatial resolution constraints. The sand class had the best overall accuracy (96%), due to its contrasts with surrounding objects. While the vegetation (i.e., pioneer saltmarshes) and algae classes had lower accuracy values (49.6–89.0%), possibly due to being still damp or covered in fine sediment This is a common challenge in transitional systems across land-water interfaces, such as wetlands, where the abiotic conditions (e.g. solar exposure, tides) fluctuate heterogeneously over time and space. The findings presented herein revealed the considerable success of this approach. For the purpose of local decision-making, these are relevant outputs that can be replicated in other regions worldwide

Phylogenomic analysis of a 55.1 kb 19-gene dataset resolves a monophyletic Fusarium that includes the Fusarium solani Species Complex

Scientific communication is facilitated by a data-driven, scientifically sound taxonomy that considers the end-user¿s needs and established successful practice. In 2013, the Fusarium community voiced near unanimous support for a concept of Fusarium that represented a clade comprising all agriculturally and clinically important Fusarium species, including the F. solani species complex (FSSC). Subsequently, this concept was challenged in 2015 by one research group who proposed dividing the genus Fusarium into seven genera, including the FSSC described as members of the genus Neocosmospora, with subsequent justification in 2018 based on claims that the 2013 concept of Fusarium is polyphyletic. Here, we test this claim and provide a phylogeny based on exonic nucleotide sequences of 19 orthologous protein-coding genes that strongly support the monophyly of Fusarium including the FSSC. We reassert the practical and scientific argument in support of a genus Fusarium that includes the FSSC and several other basal lineages, consistent with the longstanding use of this name among plant pathologists, medical mycologists, quarantine officials, regulatory agencies, students, and researchers with a stake in its taxonomy. In recognition of this monophyly, 40 species described as genus Neocosmospora were recombined in genus Fusarium, and nine others were renamed Fusarium. Here the global Fusarium community voices strong support for the inclusion of the FSSC in Fusarium, as it remains the best scientific, nomenclatural, and practical taxonomic option availabl

Sensitive theoretical experiments to assess uncertainty in bedrock and beach face slopes definition

This dataset shows a sensitive theoretical experimental assessment on the uncertainty in bedrock and beach face slopes definition, when using the profile model available at https://github.com/disepla/SEM

Coastline evolution of mainland Portugal 1958-2010

Supplement to: Ponte Lira, C; Nobre Silva, A; Taborda, R et al. (2016): Coastline evolution of Portuguese low-lying sandy coast in the last 50 years: an integrated approach. Earth System Science Data and available at: https://www.pangaea.de/?q=author%3Aorcid%3A0000-0002-9947-672

A new subgenus and two new species of Canariella Hesse, 1918 (Gastropoda: Pulmonata: Hygromiidae)

Volume: 17Start Page: 85End Page: 9

High resolution geochemical and grain-size analysis of the AD 1755 tsunami deposit: Insights into the inland extent and inundation phases

In the study of palaeotsunamis it is crucial to decipher the sedimentological record, to derive intensity of pastevents and to infer different inundation phases. To achieve this goal, it is important to apply high-resolutiontechniques that allow magnifying intra-deposit details (at a sub-centimetric scale) that otherwise would not beperceived; consequently, valuable information could be overlooked.In this work, we applied successfully high-resolution geochemical and grain-size analyses – XRF core-scanningand image analysis, respectively – to the AD 1755 tsunami deposit. This quartz sand enriched in bioclastdeposit (exhibiting high Si/Al and Ca/Ti) was recognized in the coastal stratigraphic sequence of Salgadoslagoon due to its contrasting composition when compared with the under and overlying mud layers with scarcebioclasts (exhibiting low Si/Al and Ca/Ti). In the absence of textural evidence, the identification of peakingconcentrations of Cl, S and Br (all major constituents of sea salt) in a continuous muddy sequence allowedslightly extending farther inland the limit of inundation. In addition, grain-size analysis data attested the fininginland of the deposit. Furthermore, despite the macroscopic massive structure of the tsunami deposit, throughoutthe lagoon, grain-size results revealed more complexity and allowed inferring up to four depositional sequencesdirectly associated with the AD 1755 tsunami inundation

Biossegurança na assistência ao parto: uma análise dos saberes dos acadêmicos de enfermagem

Se ha objetivado en este estudio exploratorio-descriptivo, analizar el conocimiento de los estudiantes de Enfermería relacionado con la bioseguridad y su protección individual durante la asistencia al parto. La investigación ha sido realizada en el Curso de Enfermería de una Universidad Pública de Ceará, durante el mes de octubre de 2003. La muestra comprendía 14 estudiantes, siendo 12 del sexo femenino; de ellos, 11 citaron asignaturas transversales que adoptaban precauciones de bioseguridad; todos definieron bioseguridad, sin embargo, de distintas maneras. Con respecto a las medidas preventivas padronizadas de precauciones, efectuadas por los estudiantes en el periodo de preasistencias, solamente 05 (cinco) hicieron referencia a la limpieza de las manos, 08 (ocho) a los cuidados con objetos cortantes, 02 (dos) hicieron referencia a la descontaminación de la superficie y todos mencionaron el uso de EPI - Materiales de Protección Individuales. La falta de una orientación referente a los riesgos profesionales aumenta la vulnerabilidad del trabajador de enfermería, además hay la necesidad de mejorar el entramado curricular dando una mayor profundidad en las medidas de bioseguridad.Objetivou-se neste estudo exploratório-descritivo, analisar os saberes dos Acadêmicos de Enfermagem quanto a biossegurança e a sua proteção individual durante a assistência ao parto. A pesquisa foi realizada no Curso de Enfermagem de uma Universidade Pública do Ceará, durante o mês de outubro de 2003. A amostra compreende 14 Acadêmicos, sendo 12 do sexo feminino; 11 Acadêmicos citaram disciplinas transversais que contemplavam em seu conteúdo medidas de biossegurança; todos definiram biossegurança, porém com enfoques diferentes. Em relação às medidas de precauções padrões realizados pelos Acadêmicos no período peri-assistencial, apenas cinco mencionaram a lavagem das mãos, oito referiu cuidados com pérfuro-cortantes, apenas dois mencionaram a descontaminação de superfície e todos citaram o uso do EPI-Equipamentos de Proteção Individual. A falta de orientação sobre os riscos ocupacionais aumenta a vulnerabilidade do trabalhador de enfermagem, necessitando, portanto, a incrementação no modelo curricular no que concerne às medidas de biossegurança