7 research outputs found
One-Step Triple-Layer Reconstruction of an Exposed Calvarium in a Patient With Radiated Tinea Capitis
International audienceFull-thickness large scalp defects with underlying exposed calvarium pose a significant reconstructive challenge. Traditional reconstructive techniques are usually not an option in patients with irradiated scalp with thin skin and reduced laxity.Dermal substitutes-based reconstruction techniques have been described in recent years. A common approach is the staged methodology, with the initial application of skin substitute followed by a split-thickness skin graft few weeks later; however, this method involves a prolonged period of local wound management prior to skin grafting and is often associated with complications that interfere with wound healing.This report describes a single-stage triple-layer technique for the reconstruction of a large scalp defect with exposed bone in a patient with a history of radiation treatment, using 3 turnover pericranial flaps in conjunction with a Matriderm dermal substitute and split-thickness skin graft. This immediate multilayered reconstruction provides a long-lasting structural and aesthetic outcome, with minimal donor site morbidity and reduced complications
Exhaled Breath Markers for Nonimaging and Noninvasive Measures for Detection of Multiple Sclerosis
Multiple sclerosis
(MS) is the most common chronic neurological disease affecting young
adults. MS diagnosis is based on clinical characteristics and confirmed
by examination of the cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) or by magnetic resonance
imaging (MRI) of the brain or spinal cord or both. However, neither
of the current diagnostic procedures are adequate as a routine tool
to determine disease state. Thus, diagnostic biomarkers are needed.
In the current study, a novel approach that could meet these expectations
is presented. The approach is based on noninvasive analysis of volatile
organic compounds (VOCs) in breath. Exhaled breath was collected from
204 participants, 146 MS and 58 healthy control individuals. Analysis
was performed by gas-chromatography mass-spectrometry (GC-MS) and
nanomaterial-based sensor array. Predictive models were derived from
the sensors, using artificial neural networks (ANNs). GC-MS analysis
revealed significant differences in VOC abundance between MS patients
and controls. Sensor data analysis on training sets was able to discriminate
in binary comparisons between MS patients and controls with accuracies
up to 90%. Blinded sets showed 95% positive predictive value (PPV)
between MS-remission and control, 100% sensitivity with 100% negative
predictive value (NPV) between MS not-treated (NT) and control, and
86% NPV between relapse and control. Possible links between VOC biomarkers
and the MS pathogenesis were established. Preliminary results suggest
the applicability of a new nanotechnology-based method for MS diagnostics
Diagnosis and Classification of 17 Diseases from 1404 Subjects <i>via</i> Pattern Analysis of Exhaled Molecules
We report on an artificially intelligent
nanoarray based on molecularly modified gold nanoparticles and a random
network of single-walled carbon nanotubes for noninvasive diagnosis and classification of a number of diseases from exhaled breath. The performance of this
artificially intelligent nanoarray was clinically assessed on breath
samples collected from 1404 subjects having one of 17 different disease
conditions included in the study or having no evidence of any disease
(healthy controls). Blind experiments showed that 86% accuracy could
be achieved with the artificially intelligent nanoarray, allowing
both detection and discrimination between the different disease conditions
examined. Analysis of the artificially intelligent nanoarray also
showed that each disease has its own unique breathprint, and that
the presence of one disease would not screen out others. Cluster analysis
showed a reasonable classification power of diseases from the same
categories. The effect of confounding clinical and environmental factors
on the performance of the nanoarray did not significantly alter the
obtained results. The diagnosis and classification power of the nanoarray
was also validated by an independent analytical technique, <i>i.e.</i>, gas chromatography linked with mass spectrometry. This analysis found that 13 exhaled
chemical species, called volatile organic compounds, are associated with certain diseases, and the composition
of this assembly of volatile organic compounds differs from one disease
to another. Overall, these findings could contribute to one of the
most important criteria for successful health intervention in the
modern era, viz. easy-to-use, inexpensive (affordable), and miniaturized
tools that could also be used for personalized screening, diagnosis,
and follow-up of a number of diseases, which can clearly be extended
by further development