Alien Registration- Lindman, Andreas A. (Mars Hill, Aroostook County)

https://digitalmaine.com/alien_docs/33968/thumbnail.jp

Fourier Transform NMR Self-diffusion Studies Of A Nonaqueous Microemulsion System

Self-diffusion coefficients of the components of the microemulsion system glycerol/hexanol/sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) were determined in the presence and absence of an oil, p-xylene, and the results were compared with those from corresponding aqueous systems (i.e., glycerol replaced by water). In the aqueous system, the water in the hexanol rich isotropic liquid showed a diffusion coefficient less than 10% of that of free water, while that of hexanol was roughly 80% of that of free hexanol; such restricted motion of the water is consistent with the presence of water as discrete droplets. Partial substitution of p-xylene for hexanol did not affect the diffusion coefficient of water appreciably. In the nonaqueous three-component system, the diffusion coefficients of glycerol, SDS, and hexanol all decreased in concert as the glycerol content increased, e.g., that of hexanol goes from 1.75 x 10-10 m2 s-1 to 2.7 x 10-11 m2 s-1 as the glycerol content ranges from 10 to 80%. The diffusion coefficient of glycerol was always greater than that of neat glycerol by a factor of 5 to 45. As the diffusion coefficients of all components were within a factor of 2, the idea of segregating one or more components into disconnected domains is not supported. There is no support for glycerol droplets but these microemulsions appear to be structureless. © 1987

Associating polymer-surfactant systems

Some recent illustrations of the phase behavior of polymer-amphiphile systems in solution are presented. Surfactant-polymer association is demonstrated for various amphiphilic synthetic and biological polymers both on a macroscopic and on a single molecular level

BPS partition functions in N = 4 Yang-Mills theory on T^4

We consider N = 4 Yang-Mills theory on a flat four-torus with the R-symmetry current coupled to a flat background connection. The partition function depends on the coupling constant of the theory, but when it is expanded in a power series in the R-symmetry connection around the loci at which one of the supersymmetries is unbroken, the constant and linear terms are in fact independent of the coupling constant and can be computed at weak coupling for all non-trivial 't Hooft fluxes. The case of a trivial 't Hooft flux is difficult because of infrared problems, but the corresponding terms in the partition function are uniquely determined by S-duality.Comment: 23 pages, v2 Minor correction

Polyion Adsorption onto Catanionic Surfaces. A Monte Carlo Study

The adsorption of a single and negatively charged polyion with varying flexibility onto a surface carrying both negative and positive charges representing a charged membrane surface has been investigated by using a simple model employing Monte Carlo simulations. The polyion was represented by a sequence of negatively charged hard spheres connected with harmonic bonds. The charged surface groups were also represented by charged hard spheres, and they were positioned on a hard surface slightly protruding into the solution. The surface charges were either frozen in a liquidlike structure or laterally mobile. With a large excess of positive surface charges, the classical picture of a strongly adsorbed polyion with an extended and flat configuration emerged. However, adsorption also appeared at a net neutral surface or at a weakly negatively charged surface, and at these conditions the adsorption was stronger with a flexible polyion as compared to a semiflexible one, two features not appearing in simpler models containing homogeneously charged surfaces. The presence of charged surface patches (frozen surface charges) and the ability of polarization of the surface charges (mobile surface charges) are the main reasons for the enhanced adsorption. The stronger adsorption with the flexible chain is caused by its greater ability to spatially correlate with the surface charges

Chiral molecules split light: Reflection and refraction in a chiral liquid

A light beam changes direction as it enters a liquid at an angle from another medium, such as air. Should the liquid contain molecules that lack mirror symmetry, then it has been predicted by Fresnel that the light beam will not only change direction, but will actually split into two separate beams with a small difference in the respective angles of refraction. Here we report the observation of this phenomenon. We also demonstrate that the angle of reflection does not equal the angle of incidence in a chiral medium. Unlike conventional optical rotation, which depends on the path-length through the sample, the reported reflection and refraction phenomena arise within a few wavelengths at the interface and thereby suggest a new approach to polarimetry that can be used in microfluidic volumes

Intense tera-hertz laser driven proton acceleration in plasmas

We investigate the acceleration of a proton beam driven by intense tera-hertz (THz) laser field from a near critical density hydrogen plasma. Two-dimension-in-space and three-dimension-in-velocity particle-in-cell simulation results show that a relatively long wavelength and an intense THz laser can be employed for proton acceleration to high energies from near critical density plasmas. We adopt here the electromagnetic field in a long wavelength (0.33 THz) regime in contrast to the optical and/or near infrared wavelength regime, which offers distinct advantages due to their long wavelength (k ¼ 350 lm), such as the k2 scaling of the electron ponderomotive energy. Simulation study delineates the evolution of THz laser field in a near critical plasma reflecting the enhancement in the electric field of laser, which can be of high relevance for staged or post ion acceleration

Mixed Protein Carriers for Modulating DNA Release

Aqueous mixtures of oppositely charged polyelectrolytes undergo associative phase separation, resulting in coacervation, gelation, or precipitation. This phenomenon has been exploited in forming DNA gel particles by interfacial diffusion. We report here the formation of DNA gel particles by mixing solutions of double-stranded DNA with aqueous solutions containing two cationic proteins, lysozyme and protamine sulfate. The effect of the lysozyme/protamine ratio on the degree of DNA entrapment, surface morphology, swelling−deswelling behavior, and kinetics of DNA release has been investigated. By mixing the two proteins, we obtain particles that display higher loading efficiency and loading capacity values, in comparison to those obtained in single-protein systems. Examination of the release profiles has shown that in mixed protein particles, complex, dual-stage release kinetics is obtained. The overall release profile is dependent on the lysozyme/protamine ratio. The obtained profiles, or segments of them, are accuratelly fitted using the zero-order and first-order models, and the Weibull function. Fluorescence microscopy studies have suggested that the formation of these particles is associated with the conservation of the secondary structure of DNA. This study presents a new platform for controlled release of DNA from DNA gel particles formed by interfacial diffusion