Environmental study of ERTS-1 imagery Lake Champlain and Vermont

There are no author-identified significant results in this report

Environmental study of ERTS-1 imagery: Lake Champlain and Vermont

Environmental concerns of the State of Vermont currently being stressed include water quality in Lake Champlain and a state-wide land use and capability plan. Significant results obtained from ERTS-1 relate directly to the above concerns. Industrial water pollution and turbidity in Lake Champlain have been identified and mapped and the ERTS pollution data will be used in the developing court suit which Vermont has initiated against the polluters. ERTS imagery has also provided a foundation for updating and revising land use inventories. Major classes of land use have been identified and mapped, and substantial progress has been made toward the mapping of such land use divisions as crop and forest type, and wetlands

Diurnal periodicity of activity in the spawning perch P. fluviatilis L. [Translation from: Kalamies 1972(7) 3, 1972]

Diurnal periodicity of spawning in the perch so far are rather meagre and found to be partly contrary to experiences of perch anglers. Therefore a study was made on the spawning during a 5-day period in the spring of 1971 in the Kuusamo area. Observations were made during the main spawning season, between 4- 9 June 1971. The perch were often measured, weighed and then released back into the water. The differences between spawning and non-spawning perch were studied as well as the time of roe discharge in a 24 hour period. Activity and environmental factors such as light intensity were also taken into consideration

Atomic Diffusion and Mixing in Old Stars. III. Analysis of NGC 6397 Stars under New Constraints

We have previously reported on chemical abundance trends with evolutionary state in the globular cluster NGC 6397 discovered in analyses of spectra taken with FLAMES at the VLT. Here, we reinvestigate the FLAMES-UVES sample of 18 stars, ranging from just above the turnoff point (TOP) to the red giant branch below the bump. Inspired by new calibrations of the infrared flux method, we adopt a set of hotter temperature scales. Chemical abundances are determined for six elements (Li, Mg, Ca, Ti, Cr, and Fe). Signatures of cluster-internal pollution are identified and corrected for in the analysis of Mg. On the modified temperature scales, evolutionary trends in the abundances of Mg and Fe are found to be significant at the 2{\sigma} and 3{\sigma} levels, respectively. The detailed evolution of abundances for all six elements agrees with theoretical isochrones, calculated with effects of atomic diffusion and a weak to moderately strong efficiency of turbulent mixing. The age of these models is compatible with the external determination from the white dwarf cooling sequence. We find that the abundance analysis cannot be reconciled with the strong turbulent-mixing efficiency inferred elsewhere for halo field stars. A weak mixing efficiency reproduces observations best, indicating a diffusion-corrected primordial lithium abundance of log {\epsilon}(Li) = 2.57 +- 0.10. At 1.2{\sigma}, this value agrees well with WMAP-calibrated Big-Bang nucleosynthesis predictions.Comment: 14 pages, 5 figures, accepted by Ap

Hong Kong survey of adult oral health 1984

Parallel title in Chinese.published_or_final_versionX AppendicesList of FiguresList of TablesVI.1 Material 115I.3 Purpose of the Present Survey 14VI.2 Methods 116I.2 Dental Services in Hong Kong 13VI.3 Oral Health Related Knowledge, Beliefs, Values, and Behaviour 117I.1 Previous Epidemiologic Studies 7VI.4 Clinical Findings 121V Survey Findings - Clinical Data 72IV Findings - Questionnaire Data 30III Survey Findings - Sample Response 22II Material and Methods 17I Introduction 5IV.4 Denture Wearers 51V.4 Dental Fluorosis 89V.9 Periodontal Treatment Needs 101IV.3 Oral Health Conditions and Problems 50IV.2 Oral Health Care Practices 42IV.1 Oral Health Related Perceptions and Knowledge 30II.13 Data Processing and Analysis 22II.12 The Interviews and Examinations 22II.11 The Survey Site 21List of Figures ivII.10 Clinical Criteria and Procedures 21List of Tables vII.9 Examiner Calibration and Monitoring 21Acknowledgements 3II.8 The Clinical Examination 20Summary in English 2Summary in Chinese 4II.7 The Questionnaire 20VI Discussion 115II.6 Home Visitor Programme 19II.5 Recruitment of the Sample 19VII Goals For Oral Health Year 2000 128II.4 Sampling Method 18II.3 Sampling Frame 18VIII Conclusions and Recommendations 133II.2 Sample Size 17II.1 Survey Region 17IX Literature References 138V.3 Dental Caries Treatment Needs 84V.2 Dental Caries Status 74V.1 Teeth Present and Teeth Missing 72IV.6 Use of Professional Services 57V.5 Denture Possession and Requirement 91V.6 Dento-facial Anomalies 94V.7 Root Surface Caries 95V.8 Periodontal Status 99IV.5 Satisfaction With the Condition and Appearance of Teeth 5

Effectiveness Of Ondansetron Prior To Spinal Anesthesia In Obese Parturients Undergoing Caesarean Delivery

Spinal anesthesia is the preferred route of anesthesia for parturients undergoing casesarean section (Hawkins et al., 2011). Parturients with obesity undergo caesarean delivery and have higher rates of initial intrathecal failure comparatively to non-obese (Hood, et al, 2015). Obesity is on the rise leading to a reconsideration as to the dosing of spinal anesthetic type (Dennis, 2017). Historically, the utilization of ondansetron, as a selective 5-HT3 antagonist, has been utilized prior to spinal administration to prevent the sympathectomy that can occur (Sahoo et al., 2012). This has decreased the utilization of vasopressors which can be detrimental to the fetus during cesarean (Kinsella et al., 2017). A literature search was performed using major databases. 30 articles experimental studies, randomized control trials (RCT) and systematic reviews of RCTs with or without meta-analysis published within the last ten years were selected for initial review. 17 articles were identified as related to obesity and pregnancy undergoing spinal anesthesia for cesarean section. Ondansetron’s utilization as an effective attenuator of a subarachnoid block sympathectomy has been accepted through various studies. However, through the literature review, a gap in obesity with dosing of prophylactic 5-HT3 antagonists and intrathecal local anesthetics, as well as, objective non-invasive data collecting to facilitate spinal anesthetic hypotension from occurring

The interstellar gas experiment

The Interstellar Gas Experiment (IGE) exposed thin metallic foils to collect neutral interstellar gas particles. These particles penetrate the solar system due to their motion relative to the sun. Thus, it is possible to entrap them in the collecting foils along with precipitating magnetospheric and perhaps some ambient atmospheric particles. For the entire duration of the Long Duration Exposure Facility (LDEF) mission, seven of these foils collected particles arriving from seven different directions as seen from the spacecraft. In the mass spectroscopic analysis of the noble gas component of these particles, we have detected the isotopes of He-3, He-4, Ne-20, and Ne-22. In the foil analyses carried out so far, we find a distribution of particle arrival directions which shows that a significant part of the trapped particles are indeed interstellar atoms. The analysis needed to subtract the competing fluxes of magnetospheric and atmospheric particles is still in progress

Seasonal variation in the diurnal periodicity of activity of the perch, Perca fluviatilis L. [Translation from: Kalamies 1973(3) 3.]

The most common catch of the amateur angler is the perch and it is the diurnal periodicity of activity (& catchability) which is examined in this study based on earlier articles and manuscripts by the authors. Of all environmental factors, variation in light and temperature are the chief reasons in establishing the times of activity periods. Winter, summer and autumn activity was studied. The spawning perch was found to be more active than the non-spawning perch. The time of day in which the fish may be active is dependant on its ability to sense changes in the external environment. Its adaptation to light is the reason for day-activity in the winter, and also accounts for the fact that hardly any activity occurs between sunset and sunrise when this period exceeds 6 hours

The Interstellar Gas Experiment: Analysis in progress

The Interstellar Gas Experiment (IGE) exposed thin metallic foils aboard the LDEF spacecraft in low Earth orbit in order to collect neutral interstellar particles which penetrate the solar system due to their motion relative to the sun. By mechanical penetration these atoms were imbedded in the collecting foils along with precipitating magnetospheric ions and, possibly, with ambient atmospheric atoms. During the entire LDEF mission, seven of these foils collected particles arriving from seven different directions as seen from the spacecraft. After the foils were returned to Earth, a mass spectrometric analysis of the noble gas component of the trapped particles was begun. The isotopes of He-3, He-4, Ne-20, and Ne-22 were detected. We have given a first account of the experiment. In order to infer the isotopic ratios in the interstellar medium from the concentrations found in the foils, several lines of investigation had to be initiated. The flux of ambient atmospheric noble gas atoms moving toward the foils due to the orbital motion of LDEF was estimated by detailed calculations. Any of these particles which evaded the baffles in the IGE collector could be entrapped in the foils as a background flux. However, the calculations have shown that this flux is negligible, which was the intent of the experiment hardware design. This conclusion is supported by the measurements. However, both the concentration of trapped helium and its impact energy indicate that the flux of magnetospheric ions which was captured was larger than had been expected. In fact, it appears that the magnetospheric particles constitute the largest fraction of the particles in the foils. Since little is known about this particle flux, their presence in the IGE foils appears fortunate. The analysis of these particles provides information about their isotropic composition and average flux