MEN’S ACCESSIBILITY TO THE PRIMARY CARE SERVICES: AN APROXIMATION WITH THE BIOETHICS OF PROTECTION

Estudo bibliográfico objetivou analisar estudos sobre a temática da acessibilidade do homem aos serviços da Atenção Básica após a implementação da Política Nacional de Atenção Integral à Saúde do Homem, dialogando essa temática com a bioética da proteção. Foram analisados 10 estudos do período de 2009 a 2012 publicados nas bases de dados indexadas na Biblioteca Virtual em Saúde. A discussão das informações estruturou-se em duas temáticas: Dificuldades de acessibilidade aos serviços da Atenção Básica reveladas pelos homens e Acessibilidade do homem aos serviços da Atenção Básica: um problema ético. O material revisado evidencia a existência de fatores relacionados ao funcionamento dos serviços e ao estereótipo de masculinidade construído culturalmente os quais dificultam a acessibilidade do homem aos serviços. Considera-se salutar a abordagem da bioética no contexto desta acessibilidade, pois a temática representa, efetivamente, um problema ético no campo da saúde pública.This bibliographic study aimed to analyze studies on the issue of men’s accessibility to the Primary Care Services following the implementation of the National Comprehensive Healthcare Policy for Men, engaging this topic with the bioethics of protection. 10 studies were analyzed, from the period 2009 – 2012, published in the databases indexed in the Virtual Health Library. The discussion of the information was structured in two themes: Difficulties in accessing the Primary Care Services revealed by the men and The man’s accessibility to the Primary Care Services: an ethical problem. The material reviewed evidences the existence of factors related to the functioning of the services and to the stereotype of masculinity constructed culturally, both of which hinder men’s access to the services. It is considered beneficial to address bio-ethics in the context of this accessibility, as the issue represents, effectively, an ethical problem in the field of public health.Artículo bibliográfico cuya finalidad fue analizar estudios sobre la temática de la accesibilidad del hombre a los servicios de la Atención Básica después de la implementación de la Política Nacional de Atención Integral a la Salud del Hombre, estableciendo un diálogo entre esa temática y la bioética de la protección. Fueron analizados 10 estudios del periodo de 2009 a 2012 publicados en las bases de datos indexadas en la Biblioteca Virtual en Salud. La discusión de las informaciones se estructuró en dos temáticas: Dificultades de accesibilidad a los servicios de la Atención Básica reveladas por los hombres y Accesibilidad del hombre a los servicios de la Atención Básica: un problema ético. El material revisado evidencia la existencia de factores asociados al funcionamiento de los servicios y al estereotipo de masculinidad construido culturalmente, los cuales dificultan la accesibilidad del hombre a los servicios. Se considera salutar el abordaje de la bioética en el contexto de esta accesibilidad, pues la temática representa, efectivamente, un problema ético en el ámbito de la salud pública

Percepção das emoções dos usuários do CAPS II: um relato de experiência

O presente artigo teve como objetivo relatar a experiência de uma estudante de Psicologia com os usuários do CAPS II de uma cidade da Bahia, descrevendo, a partir de um encontro com essas pessoas, as percepções e emoções vivenciadas em relação aos serviços prestados pela instituição, relacionando aos objetivos propostos pela instituição CAPS e o Movimento de Reforma Psiquiátrica. Os resultados obtidos na observação são de uma satisfação dessas pessoas com o serviço, demonstrando um cuidado a esses usuários que busca acolhê-los e permitindo uma reinserção social, oferecendo-lhes suporte para que possam atuar em sua comunidade com liberdade, dignidade, respeito e autonomia

Apolipoprotein E polymorphism distribution in an elderly Brazilian population: the Bambuí Health and Aging Study

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2013-06-24T14:51:16Z No. of bitstreams: 1 55 FUZIKAWA AK.pdf: 509025 bytes, checksum: 5bb9326d74f47605e052d81a6fed3888 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-06-24T14:51:16Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 55 FUZIKAWA AK.pdf: 509025 bytes, checksum: 5bb9326d74f47605e052d81a6fed3888 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2007CNPq (No. 470841/2004-4).Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.CMIC Brasil Pesquisas Clínicas. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.CMIC Brasil Pesquisas Clínicas. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil/Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Hospital de Clínicas de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil / Hospital Moinhos de Vento de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Faculdade de Medicina. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) is one of the most extensively studied genes in the context of aging, but there are few population-based studies on ApoEpolymorphism in the elderly in developing countries. The objective of the present study was to assess ApoEallele and genotype distribution in a large elderly community-based sample and its asso-ciation with age, sex and skin color. Participants included 1408 subjects (80.8% of all residents aged ≥60 years) residing in Bambuí city, MG, Brazil. The DNA samples were subjected to the polymerase chain reaction amplification, followed by the restriction fragment length polymorphism technique, with digestion by HhaI. Analysis was carried out taking into consideration the six ApoEgenotypes (ε3/ε3, ε3/ε4, ε2/ε3, ε4/ε4, ε2/ε4, and ε2/ε2), the three ApoEalleles, and the number of ApoE4 alleles for each individual. The ε3 allele pre-dominated (80.0%), followed by ε4 (13.5%) and ε2 (6.5%). All six possible genotypes were observed, the ε3/ε3 genotype being the most frequent (63.4%). This distribution was similar to that described in other western populations. Sex was not associated with number of ApoE4 alleles. Black skin color was significantly and independently associated with the presence of two ApoE4 alleles (age-sex adjusted OR = 7.38; 95%CI = 1.93-28.25), showing that the African-Brazilian elderly have a high prevalence of the ε4 allele, as observed in blacks from Africa. No association between number of ApoE4 alleles and age was found, suggesting the absence of association of ApoEgenotype with mortality in this populatio

Association of ApoEpolymorphisms with prevalent hypertension in 1406 older adults: the Bambuí Health Aging Study (BHAS)

Submitted by Nuzia Santos ([email protected]) on 2013-07-04T17:24:49Z No. of bitstreams: 1 58. FUZIKAWA AK, PEIXOTO SV.pdf: 459268 bytes, checksum: 57ac6a69ea1cd4684c2f6e2da88e4c39 (MD5)Made available in DSpace on 2013-07-04T17:24:49Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 58. FUZIKAWA AK, PEIXOTO SV.pdf: 459268 bytes, checksum: 57ac6a69ea1cd4684c2f6e2da88e4c39 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008CNPqFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Fundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.CMIC Brasil Pesquisas Clínicas. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil / Universidade do Vale dos Sinos. Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil / Hospital Moinhos de Vento de Porto Alegre. Porto Alegre, RS, BrasilFundação Oswaldo Cruz. Centro de Pesquisas Rene Rachou. Núcleo de Estudos em Saúde Pública e Envelhecimento. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil / Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais. Belo Horizonte, MG, Brasil.Apolipoprotein E (ApoE) polymorphism influences lipid metabolism, but its association with arterial hypertension is controver-sial. The objective of this study was to examine the association between ApoEpolymorphism and prevalent hypertension in a large unselected population of older adults. Participants from the baseline of the Bambuí Health Aging Study whose ApoE genes had been genotyped were selected for this study (N = 1406, aged 60-95 years). These subjects represented 80.7% of the total elderly residents in Bambuí city, MG, Brazil. Hypertension was defined as a systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or a diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg, or the use of anti-hypertensive medication. The exposure variable was the ApoEgenotype as follows: ε3 carriers, ε3ε3; ε2 carriers, ε2ε2 or ε2ε3, and ε4 carriers, ε3ε4 or ε4ε4. Potential confounding variables were age, gender, traditional cardiovascular risk factors, uric acid, and creatinine levels. The prevalence of hypertension was 61.3%. Compared with the ε3 homozygotes, neither the ε2 nor the ε4 carrier status was associated with hypertension (adjusted prevalence ratios = 0.94, 95%CI = 0.83-1.07 and 0.98, 0.89-1.07, respectively). On the other hand, the ε2 allele carriers had lower LDL cholesterol levels (P < 0.001) and the ε4 carriers had higher LDL cholesterol levels (P = 0.036). This study provides epidemiologic evidence that the ApoEgenotype is not associated with prevalent hypertension in old age

Farinha de entrecasca de melancia em biscoitos sem glúten

<p>Objetivo foi avaliar a farinha da entrecasca de melancia, desenvolver e estudar a aplicação desta farinha em biscoitos sem glúten (CT), fonte de fibra (F1) e com alto conteúdo de fibra alimentar (F2). A farinha obtida por secagem convectiva (60ºC; velocidade 3m s^-1, 240 min) e trituração apresentou rendimento de 1,84%. As formulações de biscoitos com adição de diferentes concentrações de farinha de entrecasca de melancia respeitaram o disposto na RDC n^o 54/2012. A matéria in natura, farinha e biscoitos foram analisados quanto aos parâmetros físico-químicos, sendo esses dois últimos analisados ainda quanto aos atributos físicos. Os biscoitos foram caracterizados quanto à microbiologia e análise sensorial. Os resultados foram avaliados por teste de Tukey com 5% de significância. A farinha obteve valores significativos de fibra alimentar (33,3%) e minerais (cálcio 465,36mg 100g^-1 b.s; potássio 3381mg 100g^-1 b.s). Os biscoitos apresentaram expressivos teores de cinzas para F1 e F2 com relação à CT. As formulações CT e F1 obtiveram índices de aceitabilidade (>70%) e melhores respostas quanto aos aspectos de dureza e fraturabilidade. À medida que se acrescentou farinha da entrecasca intensificou-se o parâmetro a* (mais avermelhado) nos biscoitos. A farinha da entrecasca de melancia pode ser considerada uma alternativa como ingrediente em produtos de panificação para suplementação de fibras e minerais.</p

Avaliação da adaptação psicossocial na gravidez em gestantes brasileiras Assessment of psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy in brazilian pregnant women

RESUMO OBJETIVO: avaliar a adaptação psicossocial na gravidez, por intermédio da tradução e adaptação de instrumento específico, para ser usado em gestantes brasileiras. MÉTODOS: estudo observacional de corte transversal. Foi realizada a tradução e adaptação transcultural do PSeQ (Prenatal Self-evaluation Questionnaire) seguindo todas as etapas metodológicas exigidas. aplicou-se um questionário contendo perguntas abertas e fechadas de forma a caracterizar os dados sócio-demográficos e clínicos das gestantes (n=36). a análise estatística constou de média, desvio padrão (DP), freqüência absoluta e relativa. Para análise da consistência interna utilizou-se o coeficiente alfa de Cronbach, por meio do SPSS versão 17.0. RESULTADOS: as voluntárias apresentaram baixo nível sócio-econômico, média de idade de 25,1 anos ( 5,5), idade gestacional média de 25,9 semanas ( 8,1). Destas, 58,3% não haviam planejado a atual gravidez. O pré-teste mostrou que 75% das gestantes consideraram o questionário de fácil entendimento. Quanto ao instrumento PSEQ, a identificação com o papel materno foi a sub-escala que apresentou maior média 24,8 ( 5,6), enquanto o relacionamento com a mãe apresentou a menor média 15,4 ( 7,7). a consistência interna variou entre 0,52-0,89. CONCLUSÃO:a avaliação psicossocial materna no pré-natal mostra-se importante no acompanhamento da progressão da gestação e permite a intervenção mediante ações de promoção e prevenção no bem-estar materno-infantil.<br>PURPOSE:to evaluate psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy by translating and cross-culturally adapting a specific assessment instrument to be used with Brazilian women. METHODS: this was a cross-sectional observational study. the translation and cross-cultural adaptation and of the Prenatal Self-evaluation Questionnaire (PSeQ) was performed following all the required methodological steps. another questionnaire was applied to characterize the sociodemographic and clinical status of the pregnant women (n=36). Statistical analysis consisted of the determination of the mean and standard deviation (SD) and of absolute and relative frequency. the statistical test used for the analysis of internal consistency was Cronbach's alpha coefficient, using SPSS version 17.0. RESULTS: the volunteers were of low socioeconomic status, aged on average 25.1 years ( 5.5), and had an average gestational age of 25.9 weeks ( 8.1). 58.3% of these volunteers had not planned their current pregnancy. the pretest showed that 75% of the pregnant women found the questionnaire easy to understand. Regarding the PSeQ instrument, the identification with the maternal role was the subcategory which showed the highest average, 24.8 ( 5.6), while the relationship with the mother had the lowest average 15.4 ( 7.7). the internal consistency ranged from 0.52 to 0.89. CONCLUSION: the assessment of psychosocial adaptation to pregnancy in pregnant women is very important during the progress of pregnancy and permits intervention through obstetric-neonatal actions of promotion and prevention regarding the well-being of mother and child

Sensitivity and specificity of indirect ELISA for the detection of antibody titers against BVDV from beef cattle raised in Pará State

The aims of this study were to establish the prevalence of anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antibodies (Ab) in beef cattle raised in Pará state, to compare the prevalence of seropositive animals to BVDV using a commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (iELISA) and the virus neutralization (VN) test, and finally, to determine the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the iELISA for the detection of anti-BVDV Ab using VN as a gold standard. A total of 400 serum blood samples from Nelore cows aged at least 24 months from five farms in the Pará state from two mesoregions (Metropolitan Region of Belem and Northeast of Pará) were analyzed. All animals were vaccinated against brucellosis and foot-and-mouth disease. The examination of anti-BVDV Ab with VN was performed in the Laboratory of Bovine Viruses of the Biological Institute of Sao Paulo as described in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. For VN, bovine kidney epithelial cells from the Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) strain were used. The determinations of anti-BVDV Ab were performed with the iELISA test at the Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The results were classified as follows: (a) correct positive diagnosis, (b) incorrect positive diagnosis, (c) correct negative diagnosis, and (d) incorrect negative diagnosis, according to the results obtained from VN. From the values obtained from VN and iELISA, Se [(a ÷ a + d) × 100], Sp [(c ÷ c + b) × 100], positive predictive value [(a ÷ a + B) × 100], and negative predictive value [(c ÷ c + d) × 100] were calculated for iELISA. The frequencies (%) of seropositive animals were determined and compared both between the different tests (iELISA and VN) and between the different farms (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). The statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. The prevalence of seropositive animals was found to be different (P < 0.0001) using VN (39.25% [157/400]) and iELISA (54.50% [218/400]). It was observed that the Se and Sp of the iELISA assay were 98.72% and 74.07%, respectively. Of the total, 25.93% (63/243) of the samples were considered false-positive and 1.27% false-negative (2/157). It was concluded that the BVDV infection is present in beef cattle herds of the state of Para. Based on the speed of execution, ease of handling, and high Se of the iELISA, it is suggested that this assay can be used as a screening test for the detection of anti-BVDV Ab with the aim of eliminating infected animals from large herds of beef cattle

Sensibilidade e especificidade do ELISA indireto na detecção de anticorpos anti-BVDV em bovinos de corte criados no Estado do Pará

The aims of this study were to establish the prevalence of anti-bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) antibodies (Ab) in beef cattle raised in Pará state, to compare the prevalence of seropositive animals to BVDV using a commercial indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit (iELISA) and the virus neutralization (VN) test, and finally, to determine the sensitivity (Se) and specificity (Sp) of the iELISA for the detection of anti-BVDV Ab using VN as a gold standard. A total of 400 serum blood samples from Nelore cows aged at least 24 months from five farms in the Pará state from two mesoregions (Metropolitan Region of Belem and Northeast of Pará) were analyzed. All animals were vaccinated against brucellosis and foot-and-mouth disease. The examination of anti-BVDV Ab with VN was performed in the Laboratory of Bovine Viruses of the Biological Institute of Sao Paulo as described in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. For VN, bovine kidney epithelial cells from the Madin Darby Bovine Kidney (MDBK) strain were used. The determinations of anti-BVDV Ab were performed with the iELISA test at the Laboratory of Immunology and Microbiology of the Federal Rural University of Amazonia according to the manufacturer's recommendations. The results were classified as follows: (a) correct positive diagnosis, (b) incorrect positive diagnosis, (c) correct negative diagnosis, and (d) incorrect negative diagnosis, according to the results obtained from VN. From the values obtained from VN and iELISA, Se [(a ÷ a + d) × 100], Sp [(c ÷ c + b) × 100], positive predictive value [(a ÷ a + B) × 100], and negative predictive value [(c ÷ c + d) × 100] were calculated for iELISA. The frequencies (%) of seropositive animals were determined and compared both between the different tests (iELISA and VN) and between the different farms (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5). The statistical analysis was performed with a significance level of 5%. The prevalence of seropositive animals was found to be different (P < 0.0001) using VN (39.25% [157/400]) and iELISA (54.50% [218/400]). It was observed that the Se and Sp of the iELISA assay were 98.72% and 74.07%, respectively. Of the total, 25.93% (63/243) of the samples were considered false-positive and 1.27% false-negative (2/157). It was concluded that the BVDV infection is present in beef cattle herds of the state of Para. Based on the speed of execution, ease of handling, and high Se of the iELISA, it is suggested that this assay can be used as a screening test for the detection of anti-BVDV Ab with the aim of eliminating infected animals from large herds of beef cattle.Para se estabelecer a prevalência de anticorpos (Ac) anti-BVDV em rebanhos bovinos de corte no Estado do Pará e comparar a prevalência de animais soropositivos para o BVDV utilizando-se um kit comercial de ELISA-I (“Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay” indireto) frente ao teste de VN (virusneutralização) e determinar a Se (sensibilidade) e Sp (especificidade) do ELISA-I para detecção de Ac anti-BVDV frente a VN, foram analisadas 400 amostras de soros sanguíneos de vacas Nelore com idade mínima superior a 24 meses, vacinadas contra brucelose e febre aftosa, provenientes de cinco fazendas no estado do Pará, localizadas em duas Mesorregiões (Metropolitana de Belém e do Nordeste Paraense). A pesquisa de Ac anti-BVDV determinados pela VN foi realizada no Laboratório de Viroses de Bovídeos do Instituto Biológico de São Paulo, conforme descrito no Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals. Foram utilizadas células epiteliais de rim bovino da linhagem Madin Darby Bovine Kidney - MDBK). Já as determinações dos Ac anti-BVDV pelo ELISA-I foram realizadas no Laboratório de Imunologia e Microbiologia da Universidade Federal Rural da Amazônia, conforme recomendações do fabricante. Os resultados verificados foram classificados como diagnóstico positivo correto (a), diagnóstico positivo incorreto (b), diagnóstico negativo correto (c), diagnóstico negativo incorreto (d), em função dos resultados obtidos na VN. A partir desses valores, calculou-se para o ELISA-I a sensibilidade [(a / a + d) x 100], a especificidade [(c / c + b) x 100], o valor preditivo positivo [(a / a + b) x 100] e o valor preditivo negativo [(c / c + d) x 100]. Foram determinadas as frequências (%) de animais positivos, tanto entre os testes (ELISA-I e VN) como entre as diferentes fazendas (1, 2, 3, 4 e 5). A estatística de inferência foi realizada com nível de significância de 5%. A prevalência de animais soropositivos foi diferente (P < 0,0001) entre os teste de VN [39,25% (157/400)] e ELISA-I [54,50% (218/400)]. Observou-se que os valores de Se e Sp do ELISA-I corresponderam a 98,72% e 74,07%, e que 25,93% (63/243) das amostras foram falso-positivas e 1,27% (2/157) falso-negativas. Concluiu-se que a infecção pelo BVDV está presente em rebanhos de corte do estado do Pará. Devido à rapidez, praticidade e alta sensibilidade do ELISA-I, sugere-se que este teste seja utilizado como teste de triagem para a detecção de Ac anti-BVDV, visando identificar os animais infectados de grandes rebanhos de bovinos de corte