MUDAS DE JAMBOLÃO SOB NÍVEIS DE SOMBREAMENTO, BANCADAS REFLETORAS E PROFUNDIDADE DE SEMEADURA

A fase de formação de mudas frutíferas é muito importante para implantação ou renovação de pomares. O trabalho avaliou níveis de sombreamento, material refletor em bancadas de cultivo e profundidade de semeadura para mudas de jambolão, na Universidade Estadual de Mato Grosso do Sul, Unidade Universitária de Cassilândia – MS. Foram avaliados quatro níveis de sombreamento 0, 18, 30 e 50%, dois tipos de bancadas (com e sem material refletor de papel alumínio) e duas profundidades de semeadura (2 e 4 cm). Nos ambientes o experimento foi conduzido em delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado, em esquema fatorial 2 x 2 com 5 repetições. Os ambientes foram comparados pela análise conjunta. Foram avaliados os parâmetros de crescimento e razões biométricas. Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância e as médias comparadas por testes de médias, a 5% de probabilidade. Não se recomenda a produção de mudas de jambolão a pleno sol (0% de sombreamento). Os ambientes protegidos de 18 e 30% propiciaram as melhores mudas de jambolão. Houve influência do material refletor na bancada de cultivo de jambolão, promovendo as melhores mudas no ambiente de 30% de sombreamento. A semeadura com 2 cm de profundidade promoveu maior velocidade de emergência, altura, diâmetro e fitomassas em mudas de jambolão

USE OF NANOCOMPOSITE HYDROGEL WITH N-UREA IN THE PRODUCTION OF EGGPLANT SEEDLINGS

The use of quality seedlings of eggplant is directly related to the success of their production, with polymers added to the substrate, which work as water conditioners, increase the water retention capacity, and provide better seedling quality. The study aimed to evaluate the use of nanocomposite hydrogel enriched with different proportions of N-urea in the production of eggplant seedlings. The experiment was conducted at the State University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Cassilândia, MS, Brazil, from June to August 2019, under sombrite® 30%. Five treatments were evaluated, using the commercial substrate, Carolina Soil®: 1) commercial substrate without hydrogel; 2) commercial substrate with 0.075g of pure hydrogel (0.00g of N-urea)/15 mL of a substrate; 3) commercial substrate with 0.075g of hydrogel and 10% N-urea/15 mL of a substrate; 4) commercial substrate with 0.075g of hydrogel and 20% N-urea/15 mL of a substrate, and 5) commercial substrate with 0.075g of hydrogel and 40% N-urea/15 mL of a substrate. The experiment was conducted with four replications of 25 seedlings. The emergence speed index, percentage of emergence, height, number of leaves, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, root dry matter, and total dry matter were evaluated, as well as the Dickson Quality Index. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (SPEEDSTAT statistical software) and grouping test of means. A regression analysis was performed to adjust equations for some of the variables. The best seedlings can be obtained using the dosage of 28.83% N-urea with 0.075g of hydrogel per 15 ml of the substrate, according to the DQI adjustment, which includes several traits of the seedlings, thus reflecting on its quality

Perfil da tuberculose em populações vulneráveis: pessoas privadas de liberdade e em situação de rua

Objetivo: descrever o perfil sociodemográfico e epidemiológico das pessoas privadas de liberdade e da população em situação de rua com tuberculose em Belo Horizonte. Metodologia: estudo ecológico descritivo. A fonte de dados foi o Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação do município de Belo Horizonte-MG, de 2015 a 2017. Resultados: observou-se 43 casos de tuberculose em pessoas privadas de liberdade e 188 na população em situação de rua, sendo a maioria do sexo masculino, raça preta ou parda e com idade média de 38 e 40 anos, respectivamente. Nos dois públicos a escolaridade foi inferior a 12 anos e a maioria não era beneficiária de auxílio financeiro. Como comorbidades destaca-se a coinfecção HIV/TB, o alcoolismo e o tabagismo. A ocorrência de tuberculose multidrogarresistente foi de 5% entre os privados de liberdade. Destaca-se a baixa realização do teste rápido molecular. O tratamento diretamente observado foi pouco implementado nos dois grupos e o abandono foi a principal situação de encerramento na população de rua. Conclusões: o perfil sociodemográfico identificado apresenta características de grupos em situação de vulnerabilidade, com menos acesso a diagnóstico e tratamento de qualidade e desfechos mais desfavoráveis na tuberculose. Espera-se mais atuação das autoridades sobre os determinantes sociais de vulnerabilidade, visando sucesso na cura e controle da tuberculose.

The prevalence of falls and associated factors among the elderly according to ethnicity

The historical and cultural characteristics reflect the Brazilian population. Elderly blacks are disadvantaged in socio-economic and demographic, clinical, functional and psychosocial aspects, reducing their social autonomy and functional independence. The decline in functional status due to variables associated with age and ethnicity can contribute to disabling events, such as falls. Socio-demographic, clinical and functional aspects related to falls were analyzed; Mobility, functional status and cognition were measured, with a statistical significance of pd '' 0.05. The sample of 196 elderly people was 48.5% white, 28% brown, 23.5% black, with an average of 69.9 years. There was reduced mobility classified as a medium risk for falls in 60% (p<0.013) among the elderly. With reference to groups analyzed, there were significant differences between variables for family income (p < 0.029), the occurrence of falls (p < 0.006), fear of falls (p < 0.023) and near-falls (p < 0.000). Blacks fall more often (p < 0.03). Statistical significance was revealed between ethnicity and self-reported occurrence of falls, fear of falling and the occurrence of near-falls, functional limitation and medium risk falls due to reduced mobility, with increased frequency of falls for elderly blacks

Pervasive gaps in Amazonian ecological research

Biodiversity loss is one of the main challenges of our time,1,2 and attempts to address it require a clear un derstanding of how ecological communities respond to environmental change across time and space.3,4 While the increasing availability of global databases on ecological communities has advanced our knowledge of biodiversity sensitivity to environmental changes,5–7 vast areas of the tropics remain understudied.8–11 In the American tropics, Amazonia stands out as the world’s most diverse rainforest and the primary source of Neotropical biodiversity,12 but it remains among the least known forests in America and is often underrepre sented in biodiversity databases.13–15 To worsen this situation, human-induced modifications16,17 may elim inate pieces of the Amazon’s biodiversity puzzle before we can use them to understand how ecological com munities are responding. To increase generalization and applicability of biodiversity knowledge,18,19 it is thus crucial to reduce biases in ecological research, particularly in regions projected to face the most pronounced environmental changes. We integrate ecological community metadata of 7,694 sampling sites for multiple or ganism groups in a machine learning model framework to map the research probability across the Brazilian Amazonia, while identifying the region’s vulnerability to environmental change. 15%–18% of the most ne glected areas in ecological research are expected to experience severe climate or land use changes by 2050. This means that unless we take immediate action, we will not be able to establish their current status, much less monitor how it is changing and what is being lostinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio